the junta of the kingdom of Gallicia, may return to their houses with their equipages and their property, if they shall so wish; and an escort shall be granted to them for their personal security, on their requiring it.-10. Every inhabitant of the place shall be at liberty to retire whithersoever he pleases, with his moveables, effects, and whatever belongs to him, provided the place of his retirement be in the interior of the kingdom.-11. The houses and effects of all persons who may be absent by order, or leave, business, or any other cause, shall be respected, and the proprietors shall be at liberty to return when they find it convenient.-12. The bene fit of a general amnesty, granted by the emperor and king in his own name as well as in the name of his majesty king Joseph Napoleon, shall be extended to the garrison and the inhabitants of Corunna, as also to persons who have filled official situations. For this purpose no individual shall be prosecuted, arrested, or punished, for any share they may have had in the disturbances which have agitated the kingdom, nor for their speeches, writings, or actions, the measures, resolutions, or orders, which have been adopted or executed during the commotions. The benefit of the same general amnesty shall be extended to all the towns, villages, and communes of the kingdom of Gallicia, as soon as they shall have submitted, and as soon as the inhabitants shall have taken the oath of fidelity to his majesty the king Joseph Napoleon.-13. The laws, customs, and dress of the people, shall be preserved without any infringement, or modification; the laws shall be those which are, or

Head Quarters, Tomas, 21st April.

Having been informed that general Soult makes it his business to spread false accounts of the near arrival of considerable reinforcements, and Buonaparté himself at the head of 80,000 men, and that he has succeeded in deluding by similar falsehoods part of the Portuguese forces, I have thought it right to order the inclosed proclamation to be printed in Coimbra, and to publish the intercepted letter which general Kellerman wrote to him, and which fell into my hands, in hopes that it will tend to counteract the intrigues of the enemy, for which purpose the above proclamation has been distributed in Oporto, and all other places where its circulation appeared necessary. God preserve your excellency many years.

W. C. BERESFord, Marshal and commander-in-chief.

PROCLAMATION. Whereas marshal Soult (who styles himself governor of Portugal) although he is

perfectly aware of the critical situation in which he has placed himself, but which he endeavours to conceal from the unfortunate troops whom he sacrifices to the boundless ambition

ambition of a tyrant, circulates false reports and intelligence of the near arrival of Buonaparté, at the head of a French army of 80,000 men, in order to deceive the public with regard to the dangers by which he is threatened: Marshal Beresford, in order to undeceive the people of the North of Portugal, and the French army, and convince them of the falsehood of the above reports, thinks it right to publish the following intercepted letter written to marshal Soult by general Kellerman, who says that he commands the French force in Upper Spain. When itis ascertained that a general publishes falsehoods in one case, his army and the public at large will knowhow to appreciate his accounts on other occasions. Marshal Soult is perfectly aware of the danger of his situation, but endeavours to conceal them from his troops; and the couriers of whose arrival he boasts, did probably arrive from some part of the position of his corps, two or three leagues distance, they could not at least come either from France or Spain, his communication with these countries being entirely intercepted.

Letter from General Kellerman, dated Valladolid, March 31, 1809.

SIR; His Imperial Majesty having ordered the duke of Istria to join him, has entrusted me with the command of the French forces in Upper Spain. I received the letters which you wrote him from Berin. I sent copies thereof to his Imperial Majesty, and the prince of Neufchatel, and transmitted the letter which was addressed to the duke, to his highness. Marshal Bessieres set

out for Germany on the 16th instant and the Imperial Guard, with every person belonging to the Imperial household. On the 20th war against Austria was declared; but it is not yet known whether the emperor will proceedto the Inner Tagliamenta. My position in Spain is rather critical; but I occupy the plain country with a considerable body of horse, although I am destitute of infantry. I am watching the movements of the army of Asturias, and of the troops of Romana, who obstruct our communication with the provinces they occupy. I am not able to do what I could wish, but send strong reconnoitering partiesto Braganza and Miranda, and do all I can to keep the people between this place and Madrid in order, whom I know to be disaffected. Your brother has arrived here, but I do not see how he will be able to re-join as he wishes. The war in Germany, produced by the intrigues and gold of England, cannot but be attended with the most dreadful consequences for us, and must for the present render our situation extremely critical. You cannot expect any reinforcements, unless the duke of Elchingen should be able to send you some, of which I cannot judge as I have not the least communication with him; and all Gallicia is in a state of insurrection. I send you this letter by a person in whom I place much confidence, and who is worthy of yours, &c.

(Signed) KellermaN.

P. S. Turkey has made peace with England; there are insurrections in every part of Germany.

SOLDIERS, who compose the French army, such are the reports which your commander spreads among you, and such is the true in

telligence

The emperor Napoleon having, after some sanguinary engagements near Abensberg, Hausen and Dinzligen, in which the fortune of war favoured the Austrian arms so as to force the French garrison at Ratis bon to surrender, succeeded in cutting off the left wing of the Austrian army, and driving it back to Landshut, and afterwards in advancing by Eckmuhl, with a superior corps of cavalry, taking the road of Eglof sheim, and forcing to retreat those Austrian corps that were posted on the heights of Leikepont and Tal messing, the archduke on the 23rd of April crossed the Danube near Ratisbon, and joined the corps of Bellegarde, who had opened the campaignbyseveralsuccessful affairs in the Upper Palatinate, had reached Amberg, Neumarkt and Hemau, and had by this time approached Stadt-am-Hof, in order to execute bis immediate junction with the

archduke. The emperor Napoleon ordered the bombardment of Ratisbon, occupied by a few battalions who were to cover the passage of the Danube. On the 23rd in the evening he became master of it, and immediately hastened along the right bank of the Danube to enter the Austrian states, in order, as he openly declared, to dictate peace at Vienna. The Austrian army had taken a position near Cham, behind the river Regen, which was watched by some of the enemy's divisions while the emperor Napoleon called all his disposable troops, in forced marches, from the north of Germany to the Danube, and considerably reinforced his army with the troops of Wurtemburg, Hessia, Baden, and sometime after with those of Saxony. Near Kirn and Nittenau, some affairs had happened between the out-posts, which, however, had no influence upon our armies. However easy it would have been for the archduke to continue his offensive operations on the left bank of the Danube without any material resistance, and however gratifying it might have been to relieve provinces which were groaning beneath the pressure of foreign dominion, the preservation of his native land did not permit him to suffer the enemy to riot with impunity in the entrails of the monarchy, to give up the rich sources ofits independence, and expose the welfare of the subject to the devastations of foreign conquerors. These motives induced the archduke to conduct his army to Bohemia, by the way of Klentsch and Neumarkt, to occupy the Bohemian forest with light troops and part of the militia, and to direct his march towards Budweis, where he arrived on the 3rd of May, hoping

to

to join near Lintz, his left wing, which had been separated from him, and was under the command of lieut.-gen. baron Hiller. But the latter had been so closely pressed by the united force of the French armies, that after several spirited engagements, and even after a brilliant affair, in which he had the advantage, near Neumarkt, and in which the troops achieved all that was possible against the disproportionate superiority of the enemy, he indeed was able to reach Lintz, but was incapable of crossing the Danube, and obliged to content himself with destroying the communication with the left bank, and taking up a position behind the Traun near Ebersberg. This was the occasion of an extremely murderous engagement, during which the enemy in storming the bridge lost near four thousand men; Ebersberg was set on fire, and lieut. gen. Hiller continued his retreat, till he got so much the start as to pass the Danube near Stain without being disturbed by the enemy, and to wait the approach of the archduke, who after having in vain attempted the junction of the army near Lintz, had marched from Budweis to Zwettel: still hoping, by a quick passage of the Danube, to arrest the enemy's progress towards the metropolis. Meanwhile a corps of Wurtembergers had advanced from Passau along both the shores of the Danube, had occupied Lintz and the bank opposite to it: had restored the bridge, and signalized itself by destroying the defenceless villages and castles which could not be protected by the small advanced guard proceeding by the side of the main army. The enemy, by marching through the valley of the Danube

in the straightest line, had got so much ahead, that all hopes of coming up with him in front of Vienna vanished: still, however, if that city had been able to hold out for five days, it might have been relieved; and the archduke resolved on venturing the utmost to rescue that good city, which, by the excellent disposition of its citizens, its faithful attachment to its sovereign, and its noble devotion, has raised to itself an eternal monument in the annals of Austria. All his plans were now directed towards gaining the bridges across the Danube near Vienna, and endeavouring to save the imperial residence by a combat under its very walls.

Vienna, formerlyan importantfortress, was in vain besieged by the Turks, and would even now, from the solidity of its ramparts, the strong profiles of its works, and the extensive system of its mines, be capable of making a protracted resistance, had not, for upwards of a century back, the luxury of a large metropolis, the wants of ease, the conflux of all the magnates in the empire, and the pomp of a splendid court, totally effaced every consideration of military defence. Palaces adorn the rampart: the casemates and ditches were converted into workshops of tradesmen, plantations mark the counter-scarpes of the fortress, and avenues of trees traverse the glacis, uniting the most beautiful suburbs in the world to the corps de la place.

Although under such circumstances no obstinate resistance of the capital was to be expected, yet from the unexampled loyalty of the inhabitants it was confidently hoped that Vienna might for a few days serve as atête-de-pont to cover

the