already attended with the happiest success, and promises to be extensively and permanently beneficial to the country. "We have received his majesty's commands most especially to recommend to you, that, duly weighing the immense interests which are at stake in the war now carrying on, you should proceed with as little delay as possible to consider of the most effectual measures for the augmentation of the regular army, in order that his majesty may be better enabled, without impairing the means of defence at home, to avail himself of the military power of his dominions in the great contest in which he is engaged; and to conduct that contest, under the blessing of Divine Providence, to a conclusion compatible with the honour of his majesty's crown, and with the interest of his allies, of Europe, and of the world." Decree of the Supreme Junta. His majesty, considering that the French, in the unjust and barbarous war which they wage against Spain, pay no regard to any principle of the law of nations, that they shamelessly violate the most solemn treaties, as has been verified with respect to the capitulation of Madrid, since contrary to the stipulations therein made, they imprison, persecute, and banish peaceable citizens and respectable magistrates, imposing, at the same time, the most disgraceful punishments on other unfortunate persons on the slightest suspicions and most frivolous pretexts: Seeing that they continue every where to defile the sanctity of temples, the purity of domestic honour, and to trample on the rights of hu manity-that acts of the most atrocious kind, and which make human nature shudder, are daily heard of, such as the death of a nun, who threw herself into a well, to avoid the brutality of a Frenchman; the cruel murder of a mother, whose breasts were cut off in the act of giving suck to her son, by those monsters, who afterwards sabred her infant; and, a number of other cases equally horrible; atrocities painful to write, dreadful to read, and degrading to endure; finally, bis majesty being convinced, that still to observe the laws of natural equity with those who respect no law whatever, would not be moderation and justice, but the most culpable indifference and the basest meanness, has resolved to repress and punish those crimes. Calling therefore all Europe to witness the awful necessity which has compelled him to resort to the means of retaliation, by returning on a sanguinary banditti violence for violence, he hereby decrees: 1. That no quarter shall be given to any French soldier, officer, or general, who may be made prisoner in any town or district, in which acts contrary to the laws of war have been committed by the enemy, but that such persons shall be immediately put to the sword, as an example to their companions, and a satisfaction to outraged humanity. 2. That the present decree shall be printed, proclaimed, and distri› buted in the Spanish armies, in or, der to its due execution. You are also required to make arrangements for the fulfilment of the same. The Marquis of ASTORGA, Vice President. MARTIN DE GARAY. Done in the Royal Al-cazan of Seville, Feb. 7, 1809. Copies of three Decrees in favour of the Commerce of Great Britain. 1. In consequence of the urgent instances of the minister of his Britannic majesty, the supreme central and governing Junta of the kingdom, and in the royal name of his majesty, Ferdinand the VIIth. commands, that in this Customhouse, and in all the privileged Custom-houses of this province, English goods shall be admitted without any limitation or restriction, and that the duty shall be paid for the same at the rates only at which they were charged before the war in 1804. By order of his majesty, this notification is made to your excellency, both for information and observance of the same. May God preserve you many years. SAAVEDRA. (Signed) Seville, Feb. 28, 1809. 2. In order, that in the existing circumstances, all impediments may be as much as possible removed, which interrupt the intercourse with English ships, and induced by repeated applications of the minister of his Britannic majesty, the same supreme central and governing junta, &c. &c. have determined to permit all English goods disembarked in our ports, which may not be sold in the country, to be re-exported on the payment only of two per cent, and no further duties are, in such case, to be required. By order of his majesty, this notification is made, &c. &c. ante.) (ut sists between this port and that of London, and in consequence of the assistance the latter has given us, which deserves to be returned by our warmest attachment, and most profound respect, his majesty has condescended to allow to the ships of Great Britain to convey to the ports of Spain the articles of bacallao (dried cod fish) the same duties being payable thereon which were required before the war of 1779. Such cargoes so received may be sent to our settlements in South America, in the national vessels. By order of his majesty, this notification is made, &c. &c. (ut ante.) (Signed) SAAVEDRA. His royal highness the Prince Regent has appointed gen. W. Car Beresford field marshal and commander in chief of the Portuguese army. It appears from an extraordinary Gazette, published at Seville on the 1st inst. that the division of Spanish troops commanded by the duke of Alberquerque, was attacked on the 22nd ult. in the position of Consavigra, by a French force of 11,000 foot and 3,000 horse, which attack was made with the enemy's usual impetuosity, but completely failed, owing to the uncommon intrepidity displayed by the Spanish troops. The French were repulsed, and defeated with the loss of upwards of 400 men. Field marshal Beresford has issued the following General Orders: "His royal highness the Prince Regent of Portugal having graciously been pleased to entrust to 3. The near alliance which sub- field marshal Beresford the com mand mand in chief of his armies, thinks it right, on assuming the said command, to state and declare to his comrades in arms his sentiments on this occasion. The field marshal and commander in chief, during the time he served in the army which was sent by his Britannic majesty to support the admirable and prodigious efforts made by the Portuguese to recover their liberty and independence, so unjustly attacked, had an opportunity of becoming intimately acquainted with the military character of the nation; and although he thinks he has given the most effectual proofs of the favourable idea he had formed of that character, by accepting the above command, yet he wishes and hopes to prove in a more decisive manner, that the command in chief of the Portuguese army could not have possibly been confided to any other officer so thoroughly convinced of the innate military talents and disposition of the Portuguese, who want nothing but some skill and uniformity of plan in the direction of their warlike energies, to prove that they are still what they have always been, if not the best soldiers, at least equal to the most valiant and most intrepid troops of Europe. The field marshal commander in chief will therefore exert himself with incessant zeal and application to render those qualities as efficient as they are accustomed to be when they are assisted by a strict and wellregulated discipline. It is universally acknowledged that the Portuguese are loyal to their sovereign, obedient to their lawful authorities who represent him, and endure, without murmurs, the privations and inconveniencestowhich armies must frequently submit. The patriotism, energy, and enthusiasm, of which they have but very lately given the most unquestionable proofs; the glory which they acquired in Roussillon, and the successes which they obtained on the northern frontiers, clearly show their determined intre pidity and valour, qualities which cannot but render them worthy of their ancestors, and as famous as them. No nation, Portuguese, is therefore better qualified than you are to form the best troops. The field marshal commander in chief, convinced of this truth, finds himself, with the utmost pleasure, identified with the Portuguese nation. He is a Portuguese officer, and confides to the Portuguese his character and honour, perfectly satisfied that they will be preserved unimpaired, and returned to him with gain. The field marshal commander in chief deems it necessary to assure you, that he will at all times consider it as one of his most important duties, to raise and reward merit, whenever he shall meet with it, and that the only recommendation he shall notice, will be that derived from zeal, activity, skill, valour and patriotism, qualities which shall at all times find in him a sure and zealous protector. The field marshal commander in chief calls the attention of all the general and subaltern officers to the present state and improvement of the army, and being convinced that the best method of introducing discipline and a strict observance of duty into a military corps consists in the example set by the officers, he hopes they will never fail to give their men a lesson so necessary and important. The The field marshal commander in chief feels anxious to embrace the earliest opportunity of inspecting the different corps which have already taken the field, as well as the rest of the army; and he shall avail himself of all occasions which offer to promote the satisfaction, decorum and advantage of the officers and soldiers who are entrusted to his care. Dated, Head Quarters, Lisbon, the 13th March, 1809. We have to record another political revolution. The king of Sweden has been deposed by his subjects; and his uncle, the duke of Sudermania, has assumed the government of the country as regent. The revolution took place on the 13th of March. The king was ar rested as he was about to depart for his country residence; and when the last advices came away, was a close prisoner at Stockholm.When his majesty was first surrounded by a guard, he drew his sword, but was soon overpowered, and prevented from making resistance. When the person of the king was secured, the following proclamation was issued: 2 only branch of the family of age), been induced for the time being, as administrator of the kingdom, to take the reins of government into our hands, which, with the help of the Almighty, we will conduct, so that the nation may regain peace, both at home and abroad, and that trade and commerce may revive from their languishing state. Our inviolable intention is, to consult with the states on the means to be taken to render the future time happy to the people of Sweden. We invite and command, therefore, all the inhabitants of our nation, our forcesby sea and land, and also the civil officers of all degrees, to obey us, as our real intention, and their own welfare de mand. We recommend you all to the protection of God Almighty. Done at Stockholm Palace, the 13th March, 1809. (Signed) CHARLES. C. LAGERBRING Carlstadt, March 10. An alarming occurrence took place here within these last few days: Colonel d'Addesparre, who commanded the troops on the frontiers of Norway, after having seduced them, marched in here on the night of the 6th instant and demanded of the burgomaster quarters for his troops, which was refused; in consequence of which, he made application to count Rosen, the governor, stating, that if his request was not granted, the troops he commanded should enforce it, and take quarters wherever they could find them. Count Rosen still persisting in the refusal, he was ordered ordered under arrest, as was the burgomaster; and the troops forcibly obtained what their leader had demanded. Colonel d'Addesparre, at the head of 2,000 regular troops, and about the same number of peasantry, is now on his march to Stockholm, to demand of the king to call a diet of the states, as well as to obtain payment of the troops under his commiand. Proclamation of the Commander of the Troops stationed in Weimland. A considerable number of soldiers have taken up arms, in order to march to the capital, and relieve our common, now unfortunate, and dismembered native country. As all our fellow-citizens must be sensible that our views are such as public spirit and honour dictate to virtuous minds, we cannot be mistaken in our implicit confidence, that our brethren in arms and our unarmed fellow-citizens, will not form any incorrect opinion of our sentiments and views. They are merely these, that the states of the realm and our legislators shall be at liberty to assemble and deliberate uncontrolled on the means of restoring the prosperity of our suffering country. We have solemnly contracted the engagement to lay at their feet the arms which we have taken up to procure them freedom. We will form a wall round the hall where Swedish legislators hold their deliberation, which no power upon earth shall be able to beat down, We have solemnly contracted the engagement to destroy all such as still endeavour to prefer foreign connections to the internal welfare and tranquility of Sweden. Sweden's German dominions are delivered up to the enemy, and Finland, the native soil of a noble and gallant people, is lost. We have solemnly contracted the engagement, that not a single inch more of the Swedish territory shall be given up to the enemy. Sweden's trade and mines are ruined and deserted; Sweden's youth are taken from agricultural pursuits, in order to be destroyed by sickness and the sword, The burthens laid on agriculture are such that they cannot be borne any longer. Grinding taxes are exacted without mercy; desolation and misery are spreading wide and far, and threaten universal ruin. We have contracted the solemn engagement, that the fathers of the country shall enjoy full liberty to restore the welfare and prosperity of the country. May the higher and lower states of the commonweal also join heart and hand to assert the freedom of the country, and thus, by harmony and well-concerted efforts, ensure success to our enterprize and views. May the fathers of the country offer peace and amity to our neighbours, but accompany this offer with the assurance that every Swedish hero will rather be buried under the ruins of his country, than suffer a single inch of Swedish ground to be taken by our enemies, or transferred to them. Our ally, Great Britain, shall learn to appreciate and value a nation, which knows how to break its fetters, and rescue liberty from its chains; France shall learn to respect a people, anxious to rival her military prowess; the rulers of Russia, and |