LES. XI.-JESSAMINE,' HONEYSUCKLE, AND HEATH FAMILIES. [EXOGENOUS or DICOTYLEDONOUS; Angiosperms; Monopetalous.]

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Honeysuckle Family.

Jessamine Family.

1. Jasminum sambac, Single Arabian jasmine, ii. 1, w., 6 f., J.-D., E. Indies. 2. J. trifolia'tum, Double Tuscan jasmine, ii. 1, w., 6 f., J.-D., E. Indies. 3. J. fru'ticans, Common yellow jasmine, il 1, y., 3 f., A.-O., S. Europe. 4. J. revolu'tum, Curl-flowered jasmine, ii. 1, y., 12 f., M.-O., E. Indies. 5. Lonicera sempervirens, Trumpet honeysuckle, v. 1, r. and y., 15 f., My.-Au., N. Am. 6. L. pericly menum, Woodbine, v. 1, 20 f., My.-J., Britain. 7. L. fla'va, Yellow honeysuckle, v. 1, y., 10 f., My.-Jn., Carolina. 8. L. rubra, Italian honeysuckle, v. 1, r., 10 f., My.-JL, Italy.

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AND luxuriant above all,

The jasmine, throwing wide her elegant sweets,
The deep dark green of whose unvarnish'd leaf
Makes more conspicuous, and illumines more

The bright profusion of her scatter'd stars.-COWPER.

2. About one hundred species of ornamental shrubs, with exquisitely fragrant flowers, belong to the jessamine family. Originally tropical plants, they are now extensively cultivated in our gardens and green-houses. Fragrance, their predominant property, has made them for ages the favorites of poets and of the people. The very name comes from a Greek word which means perfume. The white jessamine especially, from which a costly oil is extracted, is very fragrant at night. Some of the species open only during the night, and fade at sunrise; and it is to these that Moore alludes in the following lines:

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"Twas midnight; through the lattice, wreathed

With woodbine, many a perfume breathed
From plants that wake when others sleep;
From timid jasmine buds that keep
Their odor to themselves all day;
But, when the sunlight dies away,
Let the delicious secret out

To every breeze that roams about."

4. A twining evergreen plant, improperly called jessamine, grows abundantly in the Southern States south of Richmond, Virginia, spreading over the hedges, and, in still more southern latitudes, hanging in graceful festoons from the tallest trees. It is said that children are frequently poisoned by chewing its pretty yellow flowers. This is the gelsémium, and has five stamens, by which it may be known from the true jessamine, which has only two.

5. The honeysuckle or woodbine family embraces over two hundred species of mostly twining plants, valuable in the flower garden, shrubbery, and against walls and over arbors. The honeysuckle," which is fair as fragrant," is so much cultivated that it has almost become a domestic in every household.

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"See the honeysuckle twine

Round the casement: 'tis a shrine
Where the heart doth incense give,
And the pure affections live.
Blessed shrine! dear, blissful home!
Source whence happiness doth come!
Round the cheerful hearth we meet

All things beauteous-all things sweet."

7. It was said, in an ancient fable, that this feeble plant, rapidly shooting into the air, aimed to overtop the oak, the king of the forest; but, as if its efforts were unavailing, it soon recoiled, and with graceful negligence adorned its friendly supporter with elegant festoons and perfumed garlands. In this same family are included the elder, snowberry, and snowball-the latter being known by some as the Guelder-rose. Thus that popular writer, Miss Landon, alludes to its blos

soms as

"The balls that hang like drifted snow
Upon the Guelder-rose."

8. What is known as the swamp honeysuckle in the United States is a species of azalea, which belongs to the numerous and eminently beautiful family of the HEATHS. The low shrubby heaths, which form one division of this family, are alike the glory of Southern Africa, and of Scottish plains and hill-sides; and their culture and propagation are now considered, in England, one of the most delicate and delightful branches of the art of gardening. In a second division of the heath

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[HEATH FAMILY.-EXOGENOUS or DIOCOTYLEDONOUS; Angiosperms; Monopetalous.]

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1. Eri'ca tet'ralix, Cross-leaved heath, viii. 1, pk., 1 f., Jn.-Au., Scotland. 2. n'ca cilia'ris, Ciliated heath, viii. 1, pu., 1 f., Jl.-S., Portugal. 3. Erica cruen'ta, Bloodyflowered heath, viii. 1, dark red, 2 f., My.-S., S. Africa. 4. Eri'ca fascicula'ris, Clusterflowered heath, viii. 1, pu., 18 in., F.-Jn., S. Africa. 5. Eri'ca ar'dens, Glowing heath, viii. 1, sc., 2 f., A.-Jn., S. Africa. 6. Vaccin'ium resino'sum, Black whortleberry, x. 1, gr., r., and y., 4 f., My.-Jn., N. Am. 7. Gaulthe'ria procum'bens, Spicy wintergreen, x. 1, W. 6 in., Jl.-S., N. Am. 8. Aza'lea nudiflo'ra, Swamp honeysuckle, v. 1, pk., 4 f., My.-Jn., N. Am. 9. Kal'mia latifo'lia, Broad-leaved laurel, x. 1, w. and r., 8 f., My.-Jl., N. Am. 10. Kal'mia angustifo'lia, Sheep laurel, x. 1, r., 5 f., My.-J., N. Am.

family we find the lowly trailing arbutus and wintergreen; a third division is famous for the plants which produce our cranberries and whortleberries;2 while a fourth embraces those native kalmias and rhododendrons* of American forests, which have latterly become the pride of European gardens. It is a species of the rhododendron which Emerson describes in the following lines under the name of rhodora:

The Rhododendron maximum, or American Rose Bay-tree (x. 1, 20 f., rose-colored flowers), is an evergreen tree, although it renews its leaves once in two or three years. It flowers from May to August, and is found from Long Island to Florida, generally on the borders of rivers or creeks; and on the sides of mountain torrents in Virginia it is so abundant as to form impenetrable thickets.

The Kalmias, sometimes called Laurels in America, are not the true Laurels. The Kal'mia latifo'lia, or Calico bush, which is found on barren hills from the Carolinas to New York, is an elegant shrub, but of noxious qualities-poisonous to cattle and sheep.

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"In May, when sea-winds pierced our solitudes,
I found the fresh rhodora in the woods,
Spreading its leafless blooms in a damp nook,
To please the desert and the sluggish brook;
The purple petals, fallen in the pool,

Made the black waters with their beauty gay;
Here might the redbird come his plumes to cool,
And court the flower that cheapens his array.
Rhodōra' if the sages ask thee why

This charm is wasted on the marsh and sky',
Dear, tell them that if eyes were made for seeing,
Then beauty is its own excuse for being.

Why thou wert there, oh rival of the rose'!

I never thought to ask, I never knew;

But in my simple ignorance suppose

The self-same Power that brought me there', brought you."

11. In Scotland the poorer people cover their cabins with heath, and the hardy Highlanders often make their beds of it; hence frequent allusions to these facts occur in Scottish poetry. In Scott's Lady of the Lake, Ellen, the maid of the Highlands, thus addresses the errant3 Fitz James:

"Nor think you unexpected come

To yon lone isle, our desert home;
Before the heath had lost the dew,
This morn a couch was pull'd for you ;"

and when the stranger was hospitably introduced to her father's hall, it was through the porch to which

"Wither'd heath and rushes dry

Supplied a russet canopy;"

and further, the poet, still drawing a faithful picture of Highland life, tells us that, after every courteous rite had been paid,

"The stranger's bed

Was there of mountain heather spread,
Where oft a hundred guests had lain,
And dream'd their forest sports again."

1 Written both JAS'-MINE and JES'-SA-MINE chiefly the former in poetry.

WHOR'-TLE-BER-RY (hwur'-tl-bĕr-c).
ER'-BANT, wandering; roving.

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF FLOWERS.

The psychology' of flowers has found many students, than whom not one read them more deeply than that mild spirit (Shelley) who sang of the sensitive plant, and in wondrous music foreshadowed his own misdirected genius and his melancholy fate. That martyr to sensibility, Keats, who longed to feel the flowers growing above him, drew the strong inspiration of his volant muse from those delicate creations which exhibit the passage of inorganic matter into life; and other poets will have their sensibilities awakened by the aesthetics of flowers, and find a mirror of truth in the crystal dew-drop which clings so lovingly to the purple violet.-HUNT's Poetry of Science.

1 PBY-CHŎL'-O-GY, the doctrine of the mind3 ES-THET'-IOs, the science which treats of or soul, as distinct from the body. the beautiful; the philosophy of the fine arts.

2 VO'-LANT, "flying;" active; airy.

LES. XII.-LABIATE AND TRUMPET-FLOWER FAMILIES. [EXOGENOUS or DICOTYLEDONOUS; Angiosperms; Monopetalous.]1

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Trumpet-flower Family.

Labiate Family.

1. Eccremocarpus longiflo'rus, Long-flowered eccremocarpus, xiii. 2, or., 6 f., J.-Au., Peru. 2. Chelo'ne centranthifo'lia, California trumpet-flower, xiii. 2, sc., 7 f., J.-Au., Cal 3. Bignonia grandiflo'ra, Large bignonia, xiii. 2, or., 30-100 f. (cultivated), Jl.-Au., 4. Bigno'nia echina'ta, xiii. 2, pk., 30 f., Guiana. 5. Catalpa cordifo'lia, Common catalpa, ii. 1, w. and y., 20 f., Jn.-Au., N. Am. 6. Sal'via ful'gens, Scarlet salvia, ii. 1, sc., 5 f., Au.-O., Mexico. 7. Lavandula sto'chas, French lavender, xiii. 1, li., 18 in. My.Jl., S. Europe. 8. Maru'bium vulgare, Common horehound, xiii. 1, w., 2 f., Jn.-S., N. Am. 9. Thy'mus serpyllum, Wild thyme, xiii. 1, pu., 3 in., Jn.-Au., Europe. 10. Thy'mus vulgaris, Garden thyme, xiii. 1, pu., 12 in., My.-Au., cultivated,

1. THE plants of the Labiate family, which number nearly twenty-four hundred species, are easily distinguished by the

labiate or lip-like form of their monopetalous1 corollas. Natives, chiefly, of temperate regions, they are found in abundance in hot, dry, exposed situations, in meadows, groves, and by the wayside, and but seldom in marshes. They are, for the most part, fragrant and aromatic;2 some, as the sage, hyssop, thyme, and savory, are valuable as kitchen herbs, for sauces, and flavoring cooked dishes; some, like the mints, lavenders, and rosema

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