Tri caoiriz DÉAG He has thirty-nine. Three (stomachs of) road horses. A yoke of plough horses. Two young oxen. Two young heifers. Thirteen sheep. Seaċt nuan, agus aon sean Seven lambs, and one old mare. lair. Ca méad daoine cloiñe ag How many children has your hatair ? Ta mór teisiur cloiñe aige. Ta ceatrar clañ mac, agur Gaċ uile la sa mbliadain. father P He has seven children. He has four sons and three Every day in the year. Do seaċain se gaċ uile droċ He shunned every bad man. 1. Personal pronouns agree in number, gender, and person, with the nouns to which they refer; as, ir mór na daoine iad, they are great men. 2. If a sentence be in place of the antecedent, the pronoun is in the third person singular, masculine; as, an ġrian a faiceál is aoibin é, to see the sun is pleasant. 3. If two or more persons or things be spoken of in a sentence, the pronoun will agree with the first person rather than the second, and with the second person rather than the third; as, ċuajó tusa agus misi go Báilę¿ cliat, agus bi siñ añ o beáltine go dti an lużnosa, you and I went to Dublin, and we were there from May until August. 4. The pronouns se, si, siñ, sib, sjad, are commonly used in the nominative; and é, 1, 1b, 140, in the accusative; as, DO buail siñ iad, we struck them; do buail siád iñ, they struck us. * E, I, iñ, iad, are used in the nominative after an, ba, as, ca, naċ, gurab, creud ; as, naċ iad sin na daojne ? are not these the men ar, e ro, or 'se so an la, this is the day. (118.) 5. The datives of the personal pronouns may be 'aspirated or not, as shall sound most smoothly. But after 1, T, or, they are never aspirated; as, is fearr duit, or duit, it is better for you; is miañ dam, I desire. THE CONSTRUCTION OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS Tabą daṁ an leine ġlan. EMPLIFIED. Thug si acmusán zeur do. Do spreag se zo geur e. PROMISCUOUSLY EX Give me the clean shirt. Is maid an duine e, is breaż He is a good man, she is a fine an bean j. woman. morning. Is trom an cloċ í, is fuar an It is a heavy stone, it is a cold Ta se na sasun önoctuite.} He is a naughty boy. Ta me fóżlaim mo leigion. I am learning my lesson. My brother and I will go to the He found it under his feet. Morán saotar 4 beagán bid Much labour and little meat. Is mór a claoiden se an corp. Greatly it afflicts the body. Is beag a cuiread se orm I would think little of walking riubal 4 cois go Luimneac. to Limerick. Bás na gcarad se buaidir sa The death of my friends is what ṁearaid me. troubles and distresses me. hear each day every person airis, gur fainniġeaċ cás saying, that your soft hair is Se a clujnim gaċ la ag caċ da I do ċul tais. in ringlets. A bejo am aonar indiaiż To be alone after all, is what has left me this night in sor row. What o'clock is it? It is two, &c. Ta re let us in diaiż an do. It is half after two. Is aoibin an aimsir í. Bhi se gruama air maidin, Raib tu Hiaṁ 4 *4ge ? It is delightful weather. It was gloomy in the morning. POSSESSIVE. 1. The possessive pronouns mo, do, 4, 4, and buɲ, are always placed before their nouns; as, mo ċеañ, my head; do cos, thy foot. 2. Mo, do, and 4, his, aspirate their substantives; as, mojort, my corn; do rrón, thy nose; a ceañ, his head ;* but a cean, her head. 3. Mo before F, or a vowel, loses 0; as, manam, my soul; m'reoil, my flesh. Do before a vowel, is changed into h; before 3, into, or ʊ; as, hanam, thy soul; d'feoil, or 'reol, thy flesh. A, her, prefixes h to the following vowel; as, a hanam, her soul. 4. Ar, bur, and a their, eclipse the following consonant, except r; and prefix n to the following vowel; as, 4 natą, our father; 4 noja, their God; bun nuaṁan, your terror. 5. For the manner in which the possessive pronouns are combined with le, ua, do, and añ; see page 35. To which add fam, fad, fan, and fa compound of far, about, and mo, do, 4, and 4; in which manner they are used before vowels, and sometimes before aspirated consonants; as, lem je, with my care; led toil, your will. THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS PROMISCUOUSLY EXEMPLIFIED. A bfaca tu mo żardasa ? Tar liom go brejcfe tu mo lubzort. Déan ar mo sonsa é. Ca bfuil do lębą ? Go de dintig 4a čuidpęñad. Did you see my garden? Do it for my sake. Where is your book? What has become of his pen. Bhfuil dúil agad a dul fa na Have you a mind to go to ndéin ? Ta m'atą is mo matą tiñ. Do bris an capall a frian sa ażastar. Bheara se gir rib do dútuig Ar nażą a da 4 neaṁ. them ? My father and mother are sick. The horse broke his bridle, and his halter. He shall bring you again to the land of your fathers. Our father who art in heaven. Bfhyl sib a traċċ fam ażąse. Are you talking of my father? Thug me rgéula dom atą. I gave tidings to my father. Go bfug me litir om inżean. That I got a letter from my daughter. 1. The relative agrees with its antecedent; as, an té a tig, the person who comes. 2. When a is used to denote the owner or possessor of any thing, it takes r, as, an fer 4 leis &u, the man to whom you belong. Which, compounded with do, makes dar; as, an_feau dar céile tu, the person whose wife you are. With oo and ba, it makes darab, or darb; as, bean darb Ainm Maire, a woman whose name was Mary With le, it makes ler; as, ce be ler mian, whoever has a desire. With le, and ba, it makes leɲb; as, ce be lerb aill, whoever had a wish. 3. As the relative always comes before the verb, and has no inflexion, it must be determined by the verb itself, or the noun following, whether the relative denotes the agent or the object; as, an fer a buailim, the man whom I strike; an fear a buaileas me, the man who strikes me 4. The relative is often omitted, when it is either preceded or followed by a vowel, or an aspirated consonant; as, an gjolla Tug an gemrán léir, the boy that brought the horse with him an fear ólas an cead deoċ, the man who takes the first drink; bud sioñać bj añ, it was a fox that was there. THE CONSTRUCTION OF RELATIVE PRONOUNS PROMISCUOUSLY EX EMPLIFIED. An fear ler bualad me. Si sin an aindear a labą lęt. The man by whom I was struck. to you. An é so an hata úr a ċéñajż Is this the new hat that you Tu? bought? Ta eolus agam air an fear 4 I know the man with whom raib tu caint leis. were talking. you Carad dilios, añ a gcuiriom A dear friend, in whom I place muiniġin. Ta fios agam ca air a bfuil tu smuainead. Is meanar don de ar leis e. Is mairg don de ler mian é. Is mairg don té dar cineaṁ- confidence. I know of what you are thinking. Happy is the man who possesses Wretched is the man who de- INTERROGATIVE. 1. The interrogative pronouns c14, ce, ci, and ciad agree with their objects or respondents, in gender, and number, as, cia, or ce an fear? who is the man ? duine uasal, a gentleman; ci fein; who is she? baintiżearna, a lady; cja? who are they? dojne móra, great men. 2. The neuter verb is never expressed with the interrogative pronoun; as, cia misi ? who am I? 3. The interrogatives always precede the verb or preposition by which they are governed; as, c14 o bfu tu e ? from whom did you get it? Cia aca is mó, mfallainse no Which is larger, my mantle or dfallainse ? your mantle? Cia hiad, or ciad fein a da Who are they coming in? teaċt a steaċ. Ca leis a raib tu anjuż ? Cia buail tu? With whom are you to-day? DEMONSTRATIVE. 1. The demonstrative pronouns immediately follow the noun or adjectives with which they are connected; as, an bean sin, that woman; an duine so, this man; na daoine uasal ud, those gentlemen. * Except, when the neuter verb is understood; for it is never expressed with demonstratives; as, so an fear, this is the man. 2. When ro is joined to the noun, whose last vowel is broad, it is commonly changed into ra; but, if the last vowel is small, into se; as, an fearsa, this man; an fáinnese, this ring. |