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§ 146. Furthermore, every man and woman to be bound to hear and be at the divine service, in the Parish church where they be resident, and there with devout prayer, or Godly silence and meditation, to occupy themselves there to pay their duties, to communicate once in the year at the least, and there to receive and take all other Sacraments and rites, in this book appointed. § 147. And whosoever willingly, upon no just cause, doth absent themselves, or doth ungodly in the Parish church occupr themselves : upon proof thereof, by the Ecclesiastical lawn of the Realm, to be excommunicate, or suffer other punishment, as shall to the Ecclesiastical judge according to his discretion) seen convenient.

§ 148. And although it be read in ancient writers, that the people. many years past, received at the Priest's hands the Sacrament of the body of Christ in their own hands, and no commandment of Christ to the contrary : Yet forasmuch as they many times conveyed the same secretly away, kept it with them, and diversely abused it to superstition and wickdness: lest any such thing hereafter should be attempted, and that an uniformity might be used throughout the whole Real, it is thought convenient the people commonly receive the Sacrament of Christ's body in their mouths, at the Priest's hand.

James I. 1604.

$144. The Bread and Wine, etc.

[Same as 1552.]

$149. And note that every, etc.

[Same as 1552.]

Scotch Liturgy. 1637.

$144. The Bread and Wine for the Communion shall be provided by the Curate and the Churchwardens, at the charges of the Parish.

§ 149. And note, that every parishioner shall communicate at the least three times, in the year, of which Pasch or Easter shall be one; and shall also receive the Sacraments, and observe other rites, according to the order in this book appointed,

$144.

Charles II. 1662.

The Bread and Wine for the Communion shall be provided by the Curate and the Churchwardens, at the charges of the Parish.

§ 149. And note, that every Parishioner shall communicate at the least three times in the year, of which Easter to be one. And yearly at Easter every Parishioner shall reckon with the Parson, Vicar, or Curate; or his or their Deputy, or Deputies, and pay to them or him all Ecclesiastical duties, accustomably due, then and at that time to be paid

§ 150. After the Divine Service ended, the money given at the Offertory shall be disposed of to such pious and charitable uses, as the Minister and Church-wardens shall think fit. Wherein if they disagree, it shall be disposed of as the Ordinary shall appoint.

See rubrics in Scotch ed.

Second Edw. VI. 1552.

§ 151. Although no order can be so perfectly devised, but it may be of some, either for their ignorance and infirmity, or else of malice and obstinacy, misconstrued depraved, and interpreted in a wrong part : And yet because brotherly charity willeth, that so much as conveniently may be, offences should be taken away: therefore we willing to do the same. Whereas it is ordained in the book of common prayer, in the administration of the Lord's Supper, that the Communicants kneeling should receive the holy Communion : which thing being well meant, for a signification of the humble and grateful acknowledging of the benefits of Christ, given unto the worthy receiver, and to avoid the profanation and disorder, which about the holy Communion might else ensue : lest yet the same kneeling might be thought or taken otherwise, whe do declare that it is not meant thereby, that any adoration is done, or ought to be done, either unto the sacramental bread or wine there bodily received, or to any real and essential presence there being of Christ's natural flesh and blood. For as concerning the sacramental bread and wine, they remain still in their very natural substancet, and therefore may not be adored, for that were Idolotry to be abhorred of all faithful Christians. And as concerning the natural body and blood of our Saviour Christ, they are in heaven and not here. For it is against the truth of Christ's true natural body, to be in more places than in one at one time.

7 In one ed., 1552, this paragraph is fourth in order. It is printed on a separate leaf in other copies, and, as is evi

PARIS.

Elizabeth, 1559.

[The above rubric is omitted.]

James I. 1604.

[The above rubric is omitted.]

Scotch Liturgy, 1637. [The above rubric is omitted.]

Charles II. 1662.

§ 151. Whereas it is ordained in this Office for the Administration of the Lord's Supper, that the Communicants should receive the same Kneeling; (which Order is well meant, for a signification of our humble and grateful acknowledgement of the benefits of Christ therein given to all worthy Receivers, and for the avoiding of such profamation, and disorder in the holy Communion, as might otherwise ensue) Yet, lest the same Kneeling should by any persons, either out of ignorance and infirmity, or out of malice and obstinacy, be miconstrued and depraved; It is here declared, that thereby no Adoration is intended, or ought to be done, either unto the Sacramental bread or wine, there bodily received, or unto any Corporal Presence of Christ's natural Flesh, and Blood. For the Sarramental bread and wine remain still in their very Natural body and blood of our Saviour Christ are in Heaven and not here: it being against the truth of Christ Natural body, to be at one time in more places than one.

dent from the signatures, was added afterwards. Several copies are without it altogether.

Le Directeur-Gérant: FERNAND PORTAL. IMPRIMERIE F. LEVÉ, RUE CASSETTE, 17.

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MEMOIR ON ANGLICAN ORDERS

The question of the validity of Anglican orders might seem to be of limited interest if it were only to be treated by the amount of any immediate, practical, and external consequences, likely to follow upon any discussion or decision that might now be taken in respect to it. For the clergy of the Anglican communions, numbering between 30,000 and 40,000, and for their flocks, the whole subject is one of settled solidity. In the Oriental Churches, there prevails a sentiment of increased and increasing friendliness towards the Anglican Church, but no question of actual intercommunion is likely at present to arise, while happily no system of proselytism exists to set a blister on our mutual relations. In the Latin Church, which, from its magnitude and the close tissue of its organization overshadows all Western Christendom, these orders, so far as they have been noticed, have been commonly disputed, or denied, or treated as if they were null. A positive condemnation of them, if viewed drily in its letter, would do no more than harden the existing usage of reordination in the case, which at most periods has been a rare one, of Anglican clergy who might seek admission to the clerical order in the Roman Church. But very different indeed would be the moral aspect and effect of a formal, autorized investigation of the question at Rome, to whichever side the result might incline. It is to the last degree improbable that a ruler of known wisdom would at this time put in motion the machinery of the Curia for the purpose of widening the breach which severs the Roman Catholic Church from a communion which, though small in comparison, yet is extented through the large and fast increasing range of the English-speaking races, and which represents, in the religious sphere, one of the most powerful nations of European Christendom. According to my reading of history, that breach is indeed already a wide one; but the existing schism has not been put into stereotype by any anathema, or any express renunciation of communion, on either side. As an acknowledgment of Angli

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