116 COFFEE. over the world, was not known even at Constanti-soap, and mixed with these lime enough to make a [June 30, 1826. The following passage occurs in a letter from sustenance of the people, until so lately as 1554. brush, I put this upon the trunks and limbs of the nople, where it constitutes at this period half the thick white-wash. Cuba, published in the Boston Monthly Magazine. During the Turkish lent, coffee is not allowed to trees, as high as was practicable, filling the cracks The detail of the manner of producing and con- be used. The first known in England was in 1652, in the bark, and covering the whole surface. The With a white-wash and paint suming a favourite berry, will interest coffee bib- and was introduced by a Mr. Edwards, who not effect has been, not only to destroy most of the bers, which takes in nearly the whole community: only brought home coffee from Turkey, but also a lice, but to give the trees an improved and vigorous "The coffee tree is a native of Africa, where it servant who understood roasting and preparing it. appearance. The outer bark, which, from a stintis not treated in the same manner that we treat it. This same servant, who was a free man, was the ed growth, had become rough and hard, has, in a We first plant the ripe berries in a nursery, that is first who sold coffee, or rather established the first measure, fallen off in flakes, and disclosed a soft, in a manner shaded, to prevent the young plants coffee-house, which was in a shed. from being scorched. The seeds are sowed in rows at sufficient distance to admit hoeing, as they must Thevenot, the eastern traveller, but was not much no doubt I shall succeed in eradicating the evil. "It was first carried into France in 1635, by tend to repeat the operation next season, and have smooth bark, the sure indication of health. I inbe kept free from weeds. They should remain used until 1660, when some bales were brought into three years in their seminary; they are then drawn, Marseilles. Some of the eastern nations use it in June, when each core, or blister, sends out a coloand the tops cut off within three or four inches of substance mixed with oil, and say that a ball of this ny of 20 or 30 young. "The nits produce white The lice hatch between the 20th May and 10th the root. Holes are previously dug in the fields mixture, of the size of a tennis ball, is equal to a animalculæ, resembling a louse, so small they are that are to receive them, fifteen or eighteen inches loaf of bread, or a meal of meat. deep, six feet apart; in these the young plants are set so firmly as not to be pulled up by a strong man. half a century, and one negro can take care of the end of the blister, and crawl out on the bark of "The trees, in good soil, will continue to bear diately after they are hatched, open the passage at hardly perceptible to the naked eye, which, immeIn three years they produce a small crop; in four a twenty-five hundred trees; but he cannot pick all the tree, and there remain, but with little motion, full one. If permitted to reach their natural height their berries in season. In gathering these, a field about ten days; when they stick themselves fast to the coffee tree would grow from fifteen to eighteen must be gone over a number of times; all are not the bark of the tree, and then die. From this little feet; but we do not allow them to exceed five, both ripe at the same period. The size and colour of carcass arises a small speck of blue mould, which is to facilitate the gathering of the berries, and to in- the ripe fruit is much like cranberries-but in for- most plain to be seen between the 10th and 20th crease the quantity, as that nutriment would be mation it is a stone fruit, like the cherry, two of June, and continues about fifteen days, and then conveyed to a tree of sixteen feet, being confined to those seeds you receive being found in each. In gradually wears off until the old carcass appears, five, naturally expends in the fruit what would have new, rich soil, there are sometimes three, and in old which, by this time, is formed into a new blister, gone to the branches of a larger plant. is small, the branches long, slender and horizontal, grow to their natural size, and consequently pro- It is during the period of transformation only, that The trunk trees, in dry soil only one. coming out in alternative pairs, or, in scientific duce a much less quantity, and also much smaller the alkali, or lime is supposed to be effectual. In Arabia the trees and contains the spawns, or nits before mentioned." phrase, are decussate. The leaves are large, lucid, fruit. Hence it is that the Mocha coffee is so suwaving, of a beautiful deep glossy green; while the perior to ours. lower branches being longest, gradually shortening and as large coffee as possible, because this sells We endeavour to raise as much, towards the top, the whole plant appears like a py- the best in your market. Yet it is by no means as J. BUEL. ramid of green foliage, with white flowers or red fine flavoured as the small white coffee that is hardfruit. They blossom in February, and continue in ly saleable. I always choose for my own use, what the vine is cultivated in Pennsylvania to an extent bloom two months, or more. The flowers are white, was called refuse, and find it far superior to green immediate neighbourhood of the borough of York, CULTIVATION OF THE VINE. We learn from the Philadelphia Gazette, that much like the jessamine in appearance, and some-coffee. The poorer the soil, and the worse the thing like it in perfume, only less odoriferous. At trees look, the finer flavoured is the seed; but in there are one hundred and fifty acres of vineyards, of which few persons have had any idea. In the this period, what in the vegetable world can look this case they bear but a small quantity, and that some on the tops of mountains, and some in the more lovely than a field of coffee trees? The beau- would not sell. tiful green leaves, contrasted with innumerable white blossoms, is a charming sight. The fields too a dry place, the flavour will improve every year; gentleman in Chester has a vineyard covering thirbosoms of vallies. "Age has a good effect upon coffee. If kept in the culture of the vine is also attended to; and one In Adam, and in Westmoreland are laid out in regular squares, the borders of which and many gentlemen in England keep always a ty acres. Only a few days ago, a house in Marketare adorned with mango, orange, avocado, and stock for seven years on hand. But it must be kept street advertised for sale, wine manufactured in the other fruit trees, together with the aschy omene, from the vicinity of any article that could taint it, neighbourhood of Lancaster. the leasalphma, and other flowering trees and for there is nothing imbibes the taste or smell of shrubs add much to the beauty of the scene. you meet no living objects to contradict the idea, Whole cargoes of it have been ruined by being ment. If similar success should attend the attempts Did other bodies so quick or so powerfully as coffee. makes us regard it as no longer a matter of experiThe extent to which the vine is now cultivated, you would fancy a well ordered coffee field to be a placed too near to casks of rum, sugar, spice, &c.; to introduce the culture of silk, we shall not long second garden of Eden; or you would imagine the nor is it possible, by any process whatever, to reancients would not have placed Elysium on any new it when once tainted. Coffee ought to be kept island but this, had they but known Cuba. A very by dealers, in a room by itself, and in a very dry be under the necessity of giving our flour to our brief walk will destroy this illusion, however, and place; instead of which they are apt to select as horses to get rid of it. convince you the curse has fallen here as elsewhere. damp a one as will not wholly ruin it, in order to "The average quantity of coffee to each tree per make it weigh heavier. Coffee might be cultivated annum, is one pound. When the berries are ripe, in some parts of Louisiana; but perhaps not enough as they begin to be in September, they are picked to make the introduction of it an object of profit. off by hands, laid into heaps for two or three days, LICE WHICH INFEST APPLE-TREES. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. NUTRITION-FOOD. resembling that of their perspirable fluids: it is least Milk of goats emits a particular odour, very much offensive in those which are white, those that want the cow's, but is more viscid. Butter separated horns, and those properly tended. At certain seaitself contains a greater proportion of curd than from its cream, has considerable firmness, and is at sons, this odour is remarkably intense. The milk all times white; it is proportionately less abundant In than in the milk of cows and sheep. Ewe's milk yields butter in greater measure than until the pulp begins to ferment; they are then TIME AND METHOD OF DESTROYING spread upon sicaderos to dry, being raked up and covered at night or on the approaching of a shower. When thoroughly dry, they are hulled in a mill that is worked by a mule. The coffee is then winnow(From the New England Farmer.) ed; then again picked over by hand to clear it dies, and many of the limbs of my young apple For two or three years I observed that the bofrom gravel or dirt; then put into bags; then sent to trees, were covered with lice, resembling in shape a our market; then shipped to yours; then bought flax seed, though much smaller, and of a light coand sold as many times as need be; then it is roast-lour, stationary and adhering fast to the bark. ed; then ground; then boiled by you: for the Ame- some instances, they almost covered the surface. ricans do not know how to make coffee when they It was apparent that they subsisted upon the sap, that of the cow or goat; but it is softer and more get it. All this tedious process must be gone over obstructed its circulation, and materially retarded oily; its curd, likewise, is tough and greasy. Cheese before we can get a cup of coffee; yet the French the growth; and in one instance, I ascribed the loss made of it is both pleasant and nutritive. seem to be the only people among Christians who of a tree solely to them. Washing with ley and either prepare the beverage well, or duly appre-soap suds in the spring, had produced no effect. up by the milk of mares. ciate it when it is prepared; and yet their manner In June last, I observed directions in the New Eng-culty, be made to furnish a small quantity of soft of preparing it is the most simple. The great art land Farmer for destroying the parasitic enemy; butter, by means of agitation: but the quality of Clear yellow cream in profusion is rapidly thrown lies in making it as strong as can be; and then di- and that being the particular time to make the ap- this is not good. It contains very little curd, which It can, with great diffiluting it with boiling milk. This valuable berry, now so generally used all pose, I took eight parts of water, and two of soft tence is little different from that of the human feplication, I immediately set about it. For this pur- is almost inseparable from the cream: its consis male; and it combines more saccharine matter than Milk is more susceptible of sudden and frequent pearance of soapy water. It coagulates in twentythe milk of sheep or goats. variation in the proportions of its constituent prin- four hours and in the temperature of 66° of FabSeveral natural resemblances exist between that ciples, than any other of the animal fluids. If renheit's thermometer; but the vessel containing it of the ass and human milk: its colour, smell, and a quantity of that yielded by the cow be divided requires being immersed in boiling water, before its fluidity are imperceptibly different; its cream, how- into three equal parts, each of which has been whey can be disengaged from the cheesy substance. ever, is less abundant. Butter made from it is ex-successively taken at the same milking, and set to Its curd forms a glutinous mass, which affords anaceedingly soft, white, and insipid; and it possesses rest during the necessary time, what was first drawn lytical results not materially different from those of the remarkable property of being soluble in butter-will give out much whey and very little butter, the milk: when compressed and properly dried, it bemilk, from which it can be separated anew by second have less whey and more butter than the comes hard and diaphanous as horn: its whey is means of agitation, if the vessel containing it is former, and the third be richer than either in curd semitransparent and acescent; and, on being evaheld immersed in cold water. When left at rest, it and butter; and, of course, be more foodful and porated, furnishes alkaline crystals and a proportion parts with its curd in the form of very delicate nutritious. Now, these results are almost universal, of saccharine matter. Throughout the next three loose particles, even before it has become sensibly and may be reproduced, without inconvenience, by or four days, it remains coagulable by means of acid. Its taste remains sweetish and agreeable, a very simple experiment. At the same time, they ebullition; but this property, in a short time, ceases: after being deprived of its cream. This milk differs establish an interesting fact in natural history; the thickness of its cream, also, gradually diminishfrom the cow's, in containing a larger proportion of they hold equally true and general, relatively to the es, and its butter becomes paler: and, by degrees, it sugar of milk, less curd, and less cream, which is nature of human milk; and, consequently, suggest comes to differ from milk in its maturity, only in also more tasteless. considerations possessing extreme importance with the excess of its whey and the smaller quantity of Human milk is whiter than the cow's; and, when respect to the manner of suckling infants. By this butter derivable from its cream. tested in its newest state with purple paper, appears fact, then, it is made obvious-that, when a mother to be equally acid. Its composition, however, is so falls into the habit of putting her child very often singularly diversified, that in different females it to the breast and allows it to suck only for a short often varies considerably in its taste, or colour, or time, she gives it merely the portion of her milk consistence, or the quantity of its cream. In some which is thin, abounds with whey, and affords very All forms of beauty-earth, and sea and sky, individuals whose milk contains an irregular pro- little nourishment. Mothers may also learn from portion of whey, and is destitute of curd, it gives the same instructive fact, if they will believe it, how out more or less cream, but never any butter, al- essentially necessary it is to the health of their tenthough strongly agitated: neither does it coagulate, der offspring, that they be placed to the breast at on the addition of an acid. In others, it presents a regular and lengthened intervals; be permitted to thick, tenacious cream; yields, on undergoing mo- remain sucking for a long time; and, by this means, derate agitation, a yellow, firm, uniform butter; is be enabled to imbibe the part, the last and best, of coagulable by acids; and parts with a white compact the maternal milk which contains most of the curd. By careful comparison with the chief discre- creamy substance, and on this account, is more sapancies presented by these six different kinds of milk, lutary and nutrimental. (To be continued.) SONNET. Save only that which is most beautiful- E'en the pale charm that mingles with thy tears! False light! that dost the way-lost traveller lead it appears-that, notwithstanding the diversity of Immediately before giving birth to their offspring their analytical results, the principal elements of and for some days after the beginning of their suckmilk in each of these animals, generally considered ling state, all the lactiferous animals have their If beauty charm thee, gaze on all things fairin relation to the others, do exhibit very constant milk endowed with qualities altogether different But woman's witchery-O gaze not there! proportions. Respectively, then, to this view of from those it subsequently possesses. That yielded their nature, they may be distributed into two class- by the cow is familiarly designated, in this country, es: one including the milk of ruminating, the other by the terms biest, biestings, and biesty milk, the that of herbivorous animals. In the first, stand the peculiarities of which are worthy being placed ungoat, the sheep and the cow, in whose milk the der consideration. (TABLE.) SPORTING OLIO. (From the Petersburg Intelligencer.) ANNALS OF THE TURF-No. II. curd and butter predominate, while the whey and Such milk, when drawn a few hours before the sugar of milk are in defective proportions. The ass, cow calves, is a yellowish, semipellucid, viscous the mare, and the human female who is often doom-fluid, wherein slender bodies like fibrils are held in ed to subsist on vegetable food, go into the second: suspension. Its taste is peculiar, rather insipid: it their sugar of milk and whey exceed, in their rela- has the consistence of thin syrup. When deposited tive quantities, the butyraceous and cheesy sub-in an open vessel, it evolves a thick, bland, unctustances, which are fluid and nearly incoagulable. ous, yellow cream, which yields rich, firm, goldIn the annexed table are exhibited the comparative coloured butter. It will give out cream twice in the Respectfully inscribed to the Amateur, the Sportsman proportions of curd, butter, sugar of milk, and whey, twenty-four hours, without having its characteristic and the Breeder of the Virginia Turf Horse. contained in the milk of each of them, according to properties perceptibly dissipated; but the butter Jolly Roger was the first horse that gave distinctheir arrangement in the preceding classification: made from the second has a paler colour. When tion to the racing stock of Virginia. His perfor subjected to the actions of heat, the acids, or spirit mances on the English turf, and that of his pediof wine, it coagulates into an albuminous mass re-gree, are recorded in the name of "Roger of the sembling the white of eggs. Pressure curdles the Vale." After he was imported into this country he whole of this milk, without inducing any disengage- took the name by which he is now known; he was ment of whey. foaled in 1741, and commenced covering in VirgiBiesty milk of the cow, on the day of her calving, nia about the year 1748. He was got by Roundfrequently contains some streaks of blood which head, who was by Flying Childers, who was by the imparts to the fluid, when shaken, a reddish tinge. Darley Arabian. The dam of Roundhead was the Its consistence is then thin and very sizy, and its famous "plate" mare Roxana by the Bald Gallotaste nearly similar to that of ordinary milk. When way, the dam of the celebrated racers and stallions left to stand in an open vessel, it sends up a thick Lath and Cade by the Godolphin Arabian. The viscid cream which furnishes fine orange-coloured, dam of Jolly Roger was got by Mr Crofts' famous spongy butter; richer indeed, but less pleasant, than horse Partner, the best racer and stallion of his what common milk produces. What of it remains, day, his grandam by Woodcock-Crofts' bay Barb after being deprived of the cream, acquires the ap--Makeless-Brimmer-Son of Dodsworth-Burton Barb mare. Milk of the bitch has been administered as a medi- Jolly Roger got many fine racers, stallions and cine to persons suffering from disease; and, in these, it brood mares, and is a favourite cross in the pedialmost uniformly produced the mildest aperient effects. gree of the Virginia bred turf horse, and very justIts taste is not unpleasant, and the influences of imagi- ly too. nation in exciting disgust at its use, may be obviated to a reasonable extent by feeding the animal with a pure human diet. An epileptic lad took it to the amount of two ounces, every morning and evening, with manifest advantage. It operates with considerable benefit, when given in suitable proportions to nervous children, both before and after their being weaned. Jolly Roger got Spanking Roger out of the imported mare Jenny Dismal, and Longsdale out of an imported Monkey mare. Janus was a chestnut horse, foaled in England in 1746, and got by Janus, a bay horse foaled in 1738, full brother to Blank and Old England, being got Janus was imported into Virginia by Mr. Mordecai Booth, of Gloucester county, Va., in the year 1752; his dam was got by old Fox, (whose name stood eminent in the English pedigree,) his grandam by the Bald Galloway. by the Godolphin Arabian out of the famous "Lit- dam the imported mare Moll Brazons: she was I observe in your last American Farmer, an extle Hartley mare" by Bartlett's Childers, a son of sired by Spark, who was imported to this country tract from Cecil county, from a person who says he the Darley Arabian. by Governor Ogle, of Maryland, and was given to has had no rain since the snow on the 10th of him by Lord Baltimore, who received him of Fre- April. derick, Prince of Wales. I now inform you, that after having been literally Mark Anthony was foaled about the year 1763, burnt up here, (not having any strawberries, not and did not exceed fifteen hands in height, and was being able to save seed peas, and some beds that a horse of beauty and intrinsic value, whether view-never blossomed,) on Sunday, the 18th, it began to Although Janus partook of every cross in his pe- ed as a racer or stallion. In the former character rain before day, and that from 7 o'clock in the digree calculated for the distance turf horse, yet he was not excelled by any horse of his day, being morning till 4 in the evening, the rain was inceshis stock were more remarkable for speed than "remarkable for his swiftness," having at the same sant, yet not to do any damage. From five sepabottom. Janus from his shoulders back was consi- time good wind, enabling him to run four mile heats rate measurements, I ascertained the fall of rain to dered the most perfect formed horse ever seen in in good form. In the latter character he stood de- be in that time, on an average 44 inches. And on Virginia, by the most skilful connoisseurs; he was servedly celebrated, and propagated a stock which the 19th, in the evening, another rain (that would remarkable for roundness of contour, strength of were held in the highest estimation for their various have made a season, as planters call it, without the articulation, and indicating great powers and sta- valuable qualities, whether for the turf, the saddle first, that of the 18th,) seemed to be very extensive. mina in his whole conformation. or the harness. Mark Anthony got Collector out of I should like to know how far south and north; it His stock partook of these qualities in an emi-a Centinel, and Monarch out of a thorough bred came from the south of east. Yesterday a fine rain nent degree, and for thirty or forty years they were mare, and Romulus out of a Valiant. went down towards Mount Vernon, and just now considered as a "peculiar stock," as they invariably Yorick got Pilgrim out of a Little Davie, and we have the same appearances. It is now raining, exhibited even in the third and fourth generations Bucephalus out of a Careless, and Junius out of an past 3 o'clock. from the old horse, the same compactness of form, strength and power. The Janus stock have exceeded all others in the United States for speed, dura bility and general uniformity of good form: and more good saddle and harness horses have sprung from them than from any other stock. called White Cheeks. No. III. Othello. Burwell's Traveller got Southall's Traveller out of an imported mare, and Camillus out of a Fearnought mare. a Loyd's Traveller got Leonidas out of a Morton's A FRIEND To the VirginIA TURF HORSE. GESTATION OF ANIMALS. The period of gestation varies in different animals; in the larger kinds it is a process of longer duration than in the smaller. In the elephant, and the whale, it takes up many months: in the mare eleven months, in the cow about nine months; the sheep five months; swine about 150 days; dogs about 60 days; hares and rabbits bring forth about the thirtieth day. as follows: 1. Cows. One hundred and sixty cows were observed. 14 calved from 241st to the 266th day; that is, from 8 months and 1 day, to 8 months and 26 days. 50 68 20 5 on the 270th day. from the 270th to the 280th day. from the 280th to the 290th day. on the 300th day. on the 308th day. The cross of Janus is considered by many judicious sportsmen as a valuable one for the turf, if combined with other crosses that have been noted for bottom: from the Janus cross is derived speed, the first essential quality of the turf horse. Celer was justly considered as the best son of old Janus, The Memoirs of the National Institute of France, as he propagated a stock equal in every quality to from the Savannah and Charleston papers, of seve-ject, by M. Tessier, whose observations he details The public have lately seen accounts published contain an interesting communication on this subthose of the stock begotten by his sire. He was ral boat races which have taken place at those bred by Mr. Mead, of Virginia, and foaled in 1774, and died in 1802, aged 28 years. places, and of the fame of a Savannah boat called the Razor. Some of our citizens who were present As the pedigree on his dam's side is not general- at those sports, received a hint, that if the New ly known, I will here give it. The dam of Celer Yorkers wished to try their hand with the Southernwas got by the imported horse Aristotle, a brown bay, finely formed, full 15 hands high, bred by Mr. ers, they might have an opportunity by communiBladen and got by the Cullen Arabian, his dam by municated to our Whitehall Aquatic Club; a chalcating their wishes. These hints have been comCrab, his grandam by Hobgoblin, great grandam lenge has been sent to Savannah, that the Whitehall by the Godolphin Arabian, out of a famous mare Club will contend with them for a purse of $10,000 -5,000 a side, to be increased if desired, to row a distance of not less than three, nor over six miles, Morton's imported horse Traveller contributed in the boats to be rowed by six men each, with a coxan eminent degree to the improvement of the turf swain. The Whitehall Club proposes the race to stock of horses in Virginia. He was a bay horse, take place at Baltimore, being about equi-distant Consequently there were 67 days between the two between New York and Savannah, where both parfoaled about the year 1748, and was a covering stallion at Richmond Courthouse, Va. as early as ties will be strangers to the currents, so as to have [N. Y. Daily Adv. the year 1754. He was bred by Mr. Crofts, at Ra a fair race. by in Yorkshire, (who was the fortunate breeder and owner of some of the first horses in England,) and got by his famous horse Partner, who was a A party of about forty gentlemen assembled near grandson of the Byerly Turk, and was himself the Germantown a few days since, to shoot for a valuagrandsire of King Herod. The dam of Traveller ble fowling piece, which the owner was desirous of was by Bloody Buttocks (an Arabian)-Greyhound; selling. Each person paid $5, for which he was enMakeless; Brimmer; Place's White Turk; Dods- titled to six shots. Three hundred wild pigeons Morton's Traveller worth; Layton Barb mare. were procured for the occasion, to be shot at on was bred from the best running stock in England in the wing, only one being thrown up at a time. The that day: the famous Witherington mare was full prize was gained by Mr. Doughty, of this city, who sister to Traveller: she bred Shepherd's Crab, and other capital racers. Partner was the best son of Morton's Traveller, proving to be not only a fine race horse, but a va- MR. SKINNER, luable stallion. He was foaled about the year 1755. I have often lamented there was no way to ascerPartner got Rockingham out of Nelson's imported tain what weather there was at such a place on such mare Blossom, and Fitz Partner out of the dam of a day, &c. I don't mean Dr. Little's (of WashingCeler and the celebrated horse Mark Anthony. ton) cyrrhus, cumulus and nebulus and caloric-but Mark Anthony's dam was by Othello, (a son of when we had a fine beneficial rain, and where and Mr. Parton's capital English horse Crab,) his gran-how far it extended. Consequently the difference between the two ex-furnished with the following account of vehicles At last we have had very refreshing and tremes was 14 days. 4. Rabbits. 50 on the 30th day. on the 31st day. on the 33d day. 21 9 139 which passed the inn of Mr. David Nash, on Thurs-abundant showers of rain,-It is feared that it has day last, coming to and going from Albany, viz: 51 been injurious to the harvesting of wheat crops. dur-stages, 25 hacks, 31 gigs, 53 double wagons, 90 Corn which was in fine condition for receiving it, had single wagons-total 250 in one day, besides 27 not suffered by the drought; and if the remainder saddle horses. [Albany Daily Adv. of the season should prove favourable, the crop of that great staple will be very large; and the more so, in this state, because a considerable portion of land, which had been designed for tobacco, was put SCRAPS From late English papers received at the office of the Ame-in corn. rican Farmer. The late rains have fortunately not been so late, It appears from City Accounts just printed, that but that they will benefit the crop of oats: our fall out of monies amounting to 154,6611. provided for markets too, will be greatly improved; and if farmthe building of New London Bridge, 132,5301. has ers have recourse to sowing millet, broad cast corn, The difference between the two extremes in these already been expended, leaving a balance of 22,000l. and we should suppose rye, with a view to straw, animals was seven days. the deficiency of the hay and early root crops, may An importation of 23 Flemish horses, of the cart kind, were last week landed at Woodbridge; they yet be in a great measure supplied. appeared in fine condition, and 11 of them immediately found purchasers. IMPORTANT Discovery. THE LATE CATTLE SHOW.-Remarks upon by the Editor-continued. ASSES AND MULES. Well convinced of the great value and economy of the mule, the Trustees did not feel themselves at liberty to overlook these objects in forming their scheme of premiums; and accordingly very handsome ones were held out, to encourage the breeding of mules in the greatest perfection. They offered the cedar apple or knot. One of them, who had As the rank of a person in Turkey is displayed for the best Jack 20$-for the best Jennet $10-for been always very much afflicted with worms by the costliness of his pipe, the price of them is the best pair of well broken mules, raised in the since the age of two years, (now between six and carried to an enormous height, varying from twenty state, $15-for the best mule colt by the side of its seven,) and every thing had been done in the pow-paras to twenty thousand piasters. The jessamine dam, $5. So little was their policy on this head appreer of a skilful physician for their expulsion, but all to tchibouque of the Capitan Pacha was adorned spi-ciated, that but a single animal of this species was no effect, and who was in a very delicate state of rally with diamonds, from the amber mouth-piece exhibited, and the Committee reported him "unworhealth, eat several of the apples-the consequence along the whole length of the tube. thy of a premium." Scarcely an instance can be found was, that several worms were expelled from her. Notwithstanding the well known capriciousness of a farmer ever voluntarily parting with a mule, The remedy was again administered, and in twelve of the English climate, it appears that the average who has experienced his hardiness, easiness of keep, hours three hundred and upwards came from her. heat experienced throughout the year, comparing long life, and great powers of endurance; yet few, Mr. H. to be satisfied of its efficacy, gave the apples one year with another, is very nearly the same. very few in Maryland, take the necessary steps for to five of his children, who were all in good health; From the observations made since the establish- rearing them. They rely, as in many other cases, it had the same effect as upon the first. He also ment of the Royal Society, during upwards of one on the people of other states, who possess more saeat several of the apples himself, and the effect was hundred years, it appears that the mean tempera-gacity and industry, to supply them at a high price the same. Thus, through the medium of mere ture of any one year, in the metropolis, in no in- with mules which are reared as cheaply as calves. chance, perhaps one of the best remedies and the stance, varied from that of the former year, in the They bear off our cash, and laugh at our folly and most simple has been discovered. Mr. H. makes the metropolis, more than five degrees. Hence we may improvidence. We verily believe that mules, worth above public with a view to benefit his fellow citi- fairly conclude, that a mild winter will always fol- from $80 to 100, and that would work every day in zens; an act, in our opinion, truly praiseworthy and low a comparatively cold summer, and that when the year for 25 years, and keep fat on two-thirds of a magnanimous. He recommends to those who feel the summer has been unusually hot it will be suc- horse's rations, might be reared by almost every disposed to try the experiment, that the apples ceeded by a cold winter. Maryland farmer for 15 or $20, until he was ready should be eaten nine mornings in succession, fast- The King of France has purchased a farm, which for the collar-yet there are scarcely fifty bred in a ing, if dry, to be pounded fine, and taken in mo- is to be a model to all the farms and farmers of year in the whole state. But for all, "we are a wonlasses, or eat them just as they come from off the France, and which is stocked with long fleeced derfully 'cute wise people!” tree. At this season of the year, the apples or sheep imported from England. knots are to be found in great abundance on the Mr. Aaron Hannum, a respectable citizen of this county, has discovered a sovereign remedy for the Among other literary curiosities destroyed by fire expulsion of worms from children. The remedy is in the Basilican library at Constantinople, was a simple, and one that can be obtained at all seasons manuscript of the Iliad and Odyssey, written in letof the year. The following are a few particulars as ters of gold, upon a serpent's gut, 120 feet in length. related to us. He says, while several of his chilRussia is twice as big as Europe; it occupies the dren were going to their grandmother's in April last, ninth part of the world anciently so called, and the on a visit, they for amusement, took from the leaves or twigs of the cedar trees, what is generally called 21th part of the surface of the globe. There is now erecting at Edinburgh the most splendid cow house in the world. The buildings which compose the dairy form an additional orna THE FARMER. ment even to the "city of palaces." They are erect-Meeting of the Trustees of the Maryland Agri cultural Society. NEAT CATTLE. In this department of the Exhibition, the deficiency was lamentable. It may be said that scarcely any thing was contributed by a practical farmer, following that pursuit exclusively for a livelihood. Suppose the fine animals sent by Henry Thompson, J. B. Morris, (one of the Trustees,) and Joseph Gales, of Washington, to have been withdrawn from the ground, and what would have become of this part of the "Cattle Show?" Yet these gentle ed of fine white stone, and present a handsome front of three stories in the centre, surmounted with A meeting was held agreeably to adjournment at men may be called amateur farmers, who have rea dome, and of two stories in wings. The dome Dalton, the residence of Doctor Allen Thomas-course to the culture of the land, and take delight gives air and light to the cow house, which is one present G. Howard, of Waverly, president-R. Ca-in the improvement of cattle, as an amusement, to hundred and twenty feet in length, and sixty feet in ton, G. Cook, Jacob Hollingsworth, J. B. Morris, which they would fain give more time and attenbreadth. The roof is twenty-one feet in height, David Williamson, Jr., Dr. Thomas, James Cox, tion, if their cardinal pursuits and interests would and is supported by two rows of cast iron pil-Treasurer, and J. S. Skinner, Correspd'g Secretary; allow them to follow their inclinations. lars. The whole is finished with as much neat- It was Resolved, That the next Cattle Show and It cannot be pretended that farmers have not ness as a chapel, and the light from the sides is Exhibition of household Manufactures be postponed much at stake in all that appertains to the qualities transmitted through handsome sashed windows, until the autumn of 1827-and that James Carroll, and improvement of cattle-for beef, for work, for which would not disgrace a fashionable drawing Jr., D. Williamson, Jr., and J. S. Skinner, be a milk, for butter, tallow, leather, &c. &c., even their room. At one end of this large apartment is a gal committee to prepare a scheme of premiums to be hoofs and horns, are turned to account. Indepenlery, from whence the two hundred splendidly ac-awarded at that time-the said scheme to be sub-dently of the pleasure of having improved animals commodated cows may be seen, and every arrange-mitted to the consideration of the Board at their economical in their keep, and proving well in the ment is such, that, instead of a dirty and disgusting next meeting. dairy or shambles, on the mere ground of profit and scene, it will be a very pleasant sight. The next meeting of the Board of Trustees of loss, experience shews that every farmer should the Maryland Agricultural Society, will be held at possess himself at least of a male of superior value Mr. Jacob Hollingsworth's, on Thursday, the 20th and the best blood. What has been their observation? Under their own eyes? To give our readers some idea of the travel between this city and Troy, we have been politely July next. ANSWER TO A Friend. Colonel Powel, of Pennsylvania, has demand for that the fresh leaves of the Jamestown weed, apmany more than he can supply of Improved short plied to the inflamed surface, produces immediate horn bull calves, at $200 each-and that after seve- and effectual relief. Respf'lly, yours, ral years observation of their qualities, by a clear THO'S TOWLES. sighted, sagacious people, who know the why and wherefore of every thing they do. The bull Young Comet, from White Rose, bought, without a bid against him on our show ground for $250, has been FRIEND SKINNER, In reply to the letter thee sent us this morning, sold to one of the most enterprising farmers of New England, Mr. H. Watson, for $500. Mr. Lloyd meets containing the inquiries of a subscriber who signs with ready sale for his half blood calves at $25. Mr. his letter "A Friend," we may inform, that we keep Henry Thompson sold four animals of Devon blood, at all times most of the grass Seeds named in the some only half bred, at the late Show, for $350 cash. following list, and of such quality as we can warThe premiums offered for cattle wererant to grow. The present prices are added, viz: For the best bull over 2 years old, full blood im- Highland meadow oat grass seed, per bush. $6.00 on any land not wet. proved Durham Short Horns, $10 Rye grass, (perennial,) the best bull over 2 years old, full blood Devon, the best bull over 2, full blood Alderney, the bull, over 2 yrs. of any other breed, the best bull, under 2 yrs. of any breed, the best milch cow; certificate of her milking, quantity of butter produced, and keep for one week; and of the interval of time elapsed between her calving and the week of trial, to be produced, 10 on any land not wet. Orchard grass seed, 10 10 8 moist land not wet. Timothy, moist land not wet. Herds', or red-top, do. GUNPOWDER, Balti.. 4.50 GRAIN, Indian Corn, WHOLESALE RETAIL. per. from to from to 5 31 17 171 22 25 15 12 13 10 11 30 231 bbl. 4 37 4 50 5 00 FISH, Herrings, Sus. bbl. 2 37 2 50 7 00 oush 75 87 4 00 4 50 4 25 do. 1.50 FLAX, moist or wet land. TOBACCO-Few purchases are making-It may HOPS,.. We might continue our reflections much in the be said of this article in general terms, that the best HOGS' LARD, same strain on other branches of the Exhibition, but qualities have fallen much more than the common LEAD, Pig the theme is not a pleasant one, and we willingly tobacco. Bar. abandon the unwelcome task; not however without That which at this time would bring about $10, MOLASSES, sugar-house gal. LEATHER, Soal, best, an acknowledgment of the great credit due to the would at this season of last year have brought $14Havana, 1st qual. gentlemen who filled some pens with sheep-the common tobacco, which would then have sold at NAILS, 6a20d. more especially as $6.50, would now, probably bring about $5.-Sales NAVAL STORES, Tar, bbl. 1 374 1 50 lately, have been poor, and those chiefly of scatter- Pitch,. Turpentine, Soft, The SHEEP were not only excellent of their several races, but sent, for the most part, from great ing hogsheads. distances, and by distinguished individuals. From Talbot county, fine specimens of successful ingraft-price current. ing of the Merino and Bakewell blood upon the country stock, by Gov. Stevens-Southdowns that Amount of Inspections in the three State Ware-PORK, Baltimore Mess, were highly admired for size, fleece, form, and evi- houses during the last week-439 hhds. dent hardiness of constitution, procured by the judgment and kindness of Col. Powel, of Pa., for Col. Lloyd-Saxony Merinos of the finest qualities, imported by Mr. W. Patterson-the pure Merino by Gen. Mason, of Georgetown-and the prize ram, for the greatest quantity of picklock wool, sent all the way on purpose, in a wagon, from Steubenville, in Ohio, by the American CHAMPION of sheep husbandry, W. R. Dickinson, Esq. The price of grain, will be found in our regular OIL, Whale, common, WESTERN WHEAT. Speculation, which gave a few weeks since a sudden advance to this article, it is now said has produced a depression equally as sudden. The Onondaga Register of the 14th inst. states, that the price of wheat on the canal was then 63 cents per bushel. It is quoted in New York at $1.00 and $1.12. Sales of the first quality western wheat were made in this city yesterday and the day before, at $1.00; but the average price is several cents less. Western flour, prime brands, is selling at $4.50. WANTED, A Manager to conduct a Farm and overlook about CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. The Properties of Improved Short Horns, as deep and rich milkers-The Art of Breeding, by a Farmer, in annips-Inquiry for packing Hay-Useful Hints-On the swer to Cecrops-Mammoth Ox-On Ploughing Turdestruction of Fruit Trees by the Beetle, and manner of preventing it-Description of a Coffee field in CubaTime and method of destroying Lice in Apple treesCultivation of the Vine in Pennsylvania-On the properties, &c. of Milk, continued-Poetry-Annals of the Turf, continued-Aquatic Sport-Pigeon Shooting-Reports of the weather-Gestation of Animals-Remedy ANSWER TO INQUIRY-ST. ANTHONY'S FIRE. for Worms in children-Cow house in Edinburg-Travelling in New York-Scraps from late English papers DEAR SIR, Henderson, Ken., May 28, 1826.-Proceedings of Maryland Agricultural Society-WeaTo the inquirer in your Farmer some time since ther-Editorial Remarks on the late Cattle Show, confor some remedy for the unpleasant itching that ac- cluded-Western Wheat-Answer to Inquiry on St. Ancompanies the St. Anthony's fire, you may state thony's Fire-Prices of Grass Seeds--Tobacco market." [Albany paper, June 21. lb. do. Prime,. do. Brown, SPICES, Cloves, bbl. 1 50 lb. 18 20 283 gal. lb. 13 50 15 9 00 9 50 7 75 9 50 10 bush cwt. 9 00 SHOT, Balt. all sizes, 1 15 85 1 20 2 00 1 15 1 20 1 50; 1 75 doz. 4 8 5.00 900 gal. Port, first quality, do. crossed,. 1 65 1 85 2 50' 30 20 15 20 201 unwashed but free of tags. Printed every Friday, at $5 per annum, for JOHN S. |