MARYLAND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. At a special meeting of the Board, held at Gen. Ridgley's, on Wednesday, 1st February-present, C. Ridgley, of H.—chairman. R. Caton, J. B. Morris, D. Williamson, Jr. J. Hollingsworth, J. Carroll, Jr N. Bosley-trustees. A memorial to the Legislature, praying a grant of money in aid of the funds of the Society, signed by the chairman and secretary of the Board of Trustees, on the Eastern Shore, accompanied by a letter from Mr. Hammond (chairman,) urging the Board of the Western Shore to join in its support, was submitted and read-when on motion, it was resolved, that this Board accord with the Trustees of the Eastern Shore in the sentiments of their memorial to the Legislature of Mryland, and will unite with them in its support, and that the chairman and secretary of the trustees, be authorised to sign the same in behalf of this Board, and cause the same to be forwarded forthwith to the chairman of the Agricultural Committee, in the House of Delegates. SINCLAIR & MOORE, PRICES CURRENT. WHOLESALE. RETAIL. ARTICLES. per from to from to Have just received their spring importation of Gar- and Early Mazagan Beans; Cucumber; Egg Plant; Let- Fruit Trees-Among which are Peach and Pear trees P S. Catalogues of trees and garden seeds will be od mo. 31. Havana,. An advance of 1 cent, 12 10 7 32 bbl. 2 50 6 bush 75 444 3333 10 12 15 37 8 97 FLOUR, Superfine, city, bbl. 4 00 4 25 5 00 5 50 do. lb. bush SAXONY MERINO, AND MERINO RAMS. The subscriber, will offer at publick sale, in the vilAt a regular meeting of the Board, held on Thurs-lage of Holmesburg, ten miles from Philadelphia, on FLAX, day, 23d March, at Eutaw, at B. W. Hall's, Esq's.the New York turnpike, on the 1st May next, his sur- GUNPOWDER, Balti.. 25 lb 5 00 present, B. W. Hall, chairman, pro tem. J. Carroll, plus Stock of Saxony Merino, and Merino Rams-con- GRAIN, Indian Corn, Wheat, Family Flour, Jr., D. Williamson, Jr., trustees, J. Howard, secre- sisting of 48 of the former, of one and two years old, do. Lawler,. tary. being the produce of his imported Saxony rams and his On motion resolved, that the president, trea- original Merino stock, inferior to none in the United surer, secretaries and trustees, do forthwith com- States; and 22 of the latter, of three to five years-all Also, a few Ewes with lambs. mence their collections, and that each of them be superior woolled she p. required to pay to the treasurer, at least the sum of $20, at or before the next meeting of the trustees, and that the secretary be required to communicate this resolution to each of the above gentlemen. DAVIS' IMPROVED PLOUGHS. The subscriber, would inform the public that he has now on hand, an assortment of GIDEON DAVIS' IMPROVED PLOUGHS, which he will warrant to be equal to if not surpass any other plough in use for making good work, for easy draft, and cheap repairs-1 he following sizes are on hand, to wit: 12 inch Barshare with and without coulters, a large three horse plough. 10 inch Barshare with and without coulters, a small three or a large two horse plough. 10 inch cast shares with and without coulters, a large 9 inch cast or wrought top shares, with and without Worces-coulters, a one horse plough, sometimes used with two YUCCA GLORIOSA.-A specimen of this curious plant is now in full bloom in a garden near ter; it has about 700 beautiful blossoms. THE GRAPE.-No effort made in the U. States to raise or improve the grape, has been more successful than that of Thomas M'Call, Esq. of Laurens county. His wine from the native grape is superior to any the writer of this article ever drank, excepting the very first quality of foreign wine, which could with any propriety be brought into comparison with it.--Milledgeville, Pa. Will have, in a few weeks, 9 inch with Barshares for His Cylindrical Straw Cutters and Brown's Vertical Also made to order, Gideon Davis' substratum Plough, [We have received a bottle of Mr. M'Call's wine; and his various kinds of Shovel Ploughs, the latter much the quality is indeed, excellent, and proves that the valued at the south for cultivating Cotton, particularly process of wine making is well understood by him. the oval and square Shovels. But what we value far more is, an essay by the be punctually attended to. All orders or communications by mail (post paid) will same gentleman, on the culture of the vine and the JONATHAN S. EASTMAN, manufacture of wine; which we shall carefully pre- No. 36 Pratt street, between Hanover and Charles street, serve until the first opportunity presents of spreading it before the numerous readers of this journal-in which more has already been published to encourage the growth of that fruit and to give information as to the process of its manufacture into wine, than perhaps, in all the other papers and journals of the union, together. CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. Clover Seed, Red.. 4 25 9 11 Rye, ༄༄།།F|༄| | | | HOGS' LARD,. ... OIL, Whale, common, Ib. lb. 69 9 00 30 do. Brown, Lump, Liverpool Blown SHOT, Balt. all sizes, - 3 12 54 14 7 251 27 75 36 1 00 I 25) 37 50 15 16 9 50 10 WINES, Madeira, L. P.gal. Claret, gal. 1 20 1 30 2 00 1 15 1 25 1 50 175 4 8 5 00 9 00 doz. 1 50 2 00 2 50' Port, first quality, . Printed every Friday, at $5 per annum, for JOHN S. No. 3.-VOL. 8. AGRICULTURE. AMERICAN FARMER.-BALTIMORE, APRIL 7, 1826. 17 one on each side. In the latter, they are attached dustry is of but recent origin. In so little estimaby means of several such bundles. Now the co- tion was chemistry held in Evelyn's time, that he loured fluid was found in each case to have passed ranks it with astrology, and considers it synonymous SCIENTIFIC MEMORANDA-APPLICABLE through the centre of the several bundles, and with alchemy (Terra. p. 4.) The first attempt to TO RURAL ECONOMY. (Continued from p. 10.) mals. Sap of Plants. through the centre only, tinging the tubes almost treat of soils chemically, was made by Kirwan about the whole length of the leaf-stock. In tracing 1780, the next by Lord Dundonald, in 1795, and their direction from the leaf-stock upwards, they then followed Dr. Darwin's Philologia in 1800, and were found to extend to the extremity of the leaves; lastly, Sir H. Davy's lectures on agricultural chePlants receive their nourishment by absorption downwards, they were found to penetrate the bark try, is repulsive to the ears of most farmers, who and in tracing their direction from the leaf-stock mistry in 1802. Loudon, p. 265. The term chemisof their roots, and inhalation of their leaves. The and alburnum, the tubes of which they join, de- consider its principles above their comprehension, atmosphere abounds with food for vegetables, and by the laws of chemical affinity, each plant attracts scending obliquely till they reach the pith, which and foreign to their business. The reverse of this and retains from this great store-house of nature, ferred to the flower-stalk, and fruit-stalk, which operation of the farm, and a knowledge of many of they surround. The experiment was now trans- is the case.-Its principles are interwoven with every such qualities, and in such proportions, as are necessary, with the aid of the absorbent vessels of the and vine, furnished with flowers not yet expanded, by an intelligent man in the leisure hours which he was done by placing branches of the apple, pear its useful elements in husbandry may be acquired root, to develope and mature the properties which in a decoction of logwood. respectively characterize species and varieties.The central vessels can command. We scout the empiric or quack, Thus, the pepper, the peach, the onion, and the the fruit of the two former was completely formed, system, and of materia medica, endangers life by the were rendered apparent as in the leaf-stock. When who, without a scientific knowledge of the human melon, growing in the same soil, and inhaling the the experiment was made upon the fruit-stalk, in almost indiscriminate prescription of one or two same atmosphere, are endowed by the wonderful which the central vessels were detected as before; specific potions. The processes of husbandry are economy of nature, with the singular property of assimilating their peculiar food. It is ascertained, trated into the fruit also, diverging round the core, healing art. Chemistry teaches these laws. It enabut the colouring matter was found to have pene- as much influenced by fixed laws, as those of the that the elements of all vegetables are very similar; approaching again in the eye of the fruit, and ter- bles us to manage our operations with a degree of and few in number; and that those most essential minating at last in the stamens. are carbon, (charcoal,) oxygen, (a constituent of certainty and profit unattainable by the mere labour. the atmosphere and of water,) and hydrogen, (the dergone the change we have noticed, it is called practice, the farmer, above all others, has the adWhen the sap has reached the leaves, and un-And as science is best learned when combined with other constituent of water. Nitrogen (another con- the proper juice, or cambium. It then descends vantage of applying and illustrating its usefulness in stituent of the atmosphere,) exists in some plants through the bark, or chiefly between the bark and his daily labours. Within the last forty years, cheIt is found in the glutin of wheat, and in all ani-alburnum, to the extremity of the roots. This was mistry has imparted incalculable advantages to the It is the different combination of these ele-regarded by Malpighi, as being to the plant what manufacturing arts of Europe. It has probably ments, and of some few others in minute propor- the blood is to the animal body-the immediate benefitted them, in the economy of labour and mations, that make up all the varieties in the vegeta-principle of nourishment, and grand support of life. terials, and the perfection of their products, more ble kingdom. To return to our subject. The In its passage down, it forms the annual circle of than fifty per cent. vegetable and animal matter in the soil, decompos- sap wood, and the growth of the tree is in propor- culture. But, as before observed, agricultural cheIt will be no less useful to agried or dissolved, and held in solution by water, is tion to its supply. It is the cambium which insi-mistry, is in its dawn. There is no country better absorbed by the roots, where it immediately under- nuates between the bark and wood, and causes adapted for its nurture than the United States; none goes a partial elaboration, or change, as may be them to separate freely. It is to this that the bud, better fitted to develope its attainments and usefuldemonstrated, in winter or spring, by the sap of in the process of inoculating, unites, and the re-ness. But the old are too old to learn. All we can the maple, walnut and birch, which differ essential moval of which renders the operation fruitless. It hope is, that, appreciating its benefits, provision ly from the moisture of the soil. In this state it is is this which, if the bark is peeled from an apple will be made for rendering our sons, in this branch called sap. Many plants inhale food through the tree in midsummer, protects the trunk, and is con- of knowledge, wiser than their fathers. In 1791, a epidermis and bark of the trunk, particularly an-verted into a new cortical layer. It is this which is civil engineer could not be procured in the United The sap is received at the root into longitudinal tial decortication, in the form of wood and bark. New York has since established a practical school; seen to project from the edges of a wound, or par- States, to superintend the canals of New York. vessels, which convey it to the alburnum, or what By taking a ring of bark from the branch of a tree, and now furnishes civil engineers to most of her sisis termed sap wood, between the heart and the bark, through which it passes to the leaves, flowers done to induce a disposition to bear fruit, it will be the science and practice of husbandry, and she shall, or drawing a wire tight round it, which are often ter states. Let her establish a school for teaching and fruit. It here undergoes a further elaboration. found, that the growth will be increased above, but like charity, be twice blessed-in the giver and reMoisture, and matter analogous to the excrement will be little or nothing below the ligature, in con- ceiver-in the foresight and liberality of her counof animals, is thrown off by transpiration or perspiration; and carbonic acid gas and oxygen abstract-sequence of the proper juice being stopped in its cils, and in the intelligence and usefulness of her ed from the atmosphere. Its colour and consistence descent; and if the branch is divested of its leaves, rising generation. are changed. The transpiration of the leaves of borate or prepare the food. In autumn, nature it will die, because the leaves are necessary to elaplants has been particularly illustrated by the ex-forms a reservoir of sap, or vegetable blood, (says Flux of vegetable juices, periments of Dr. Stales, who found that a sunflowMay be occasioned by a superabundance of sap, er, three and a half feet high, transpired in twelve Knight,) in the alburnum of deciduous trees, as it bursting spontaneously, or issuing from wounds, evidently does in the bulb of the hyacinth and sometimes it is injurious to the health of the plant, hours, one pound fourteen ounces The ame phi- onion, and in the tuber of the potato; which sap it and sometimes not. Sometimes the alburnum is losopher also ascertained that the force of the employs in the production of the leaves and blos-split by the expansion of the frozen sap. But a cleft ascending sap in a vine, which he subjected to exsoms of the succeeding season. periment, was equivalent to a column of water of thus degenerated often degenerates into a chilblain, The cause of the ascent of sap is still a matter of that discharges a blackish and acrid fluid to the more than forty-three feet. This theory of the ascent of the sap has been well demonstrated by to its volatile nature and magnetic tendency. Mal- is so situated that the rain or snow will readily lodge disputation among philologists. Grew ascribes it great detriment of the plant, particularly if the soil Knight. He prepared some annual shoots of the apple and horse chestnut, by means of circular in-pighi to the contraction and dilation of the air con- in it, and become putrid. The same injury may cisions, so as to leave detached rings of bark with of heat. Saussure to a species of irritability inhe- while the shoot is yet tender; and as no vegetable tained in the air vessels. Duhamel to the agency be occasioned by the bite or puncture of insects insulated leaves remaining on the sem. He then placed them in coloured infusions btained by ma- ble life. And Knight to the contraction and dila- is attempted the better, as it will, if left to itself, ultirent in the sap vessels, and dependant upon vegeta- ulcer heals up of its own accord, the sooner a cure cerating the skins of very black grapes in water; tion of the silver grain, assisted by heat and humi- mately corrode and destroy the whole plant, bark, and, on observing the transverse setion at the end of the experiment, it was found hat the infusion of the descent of the proper juice, is equally unde- of the part affected, and the application of a coat of dity expanding or condensing the fluids. The cause wood and pith. The only palliative is the excision had ascended by the wood beyondhis incisions, and cided. The greatest stress is laid upon gravitation. grafting wax. also into the insulated leaves, buthad not coloured But this is pretended to be disproved by the examthe pith nor bark, nor the sap between the bark nuals. and wood. His next object was o trace the vessels ple of the weeping willow, &c. by which it is conveyed into the leaf. The apple and horse chestnut were still hs subjects of experiment. In the former, the leaves are attached to AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY. Wildenow, p. 354. Classification of soils. The term sandy should never be applied to any soil that does not contain at least seven eighths of sand; sandy soils that effervesce with acids should The want of a due appreciation of chemistry in be distinguished by the name of calcareous sandy the plant by three strong fibres, or rather bundles agriculture is not to be wondered at, when it is soils, to distinguish them from those that are siliceof tubes; one in the middle a' the leaf stock, and considered that its application to this branch of in-lous. The term sandy soil, should not be applied to No. 3.-VOL. 8. any land which contains not less than one sixth of the head, by its weight and the absorption of the the least possible quantity of liquid vegetable food, earthy impalpable matter, not considerably effer-rays of the sun; while one of the other materials for two weeks, is to be taken. Rest and silence vescing with acids. The word loam should be limi- mentioned, diminishes much of their force by its are essential. As serious complaints have occurred ted to soils containing at least one third of impalpa- comparative lightness, and by the reflection of the after an interval of between ten and sixty days, from bly earthy matter, copiously effervescing with acids. sun from its light colour. Another remedy is to avoid a blow on the head, great attention should be paid, A soil to be considered as peaty, ought to contain at the unnecessary severe exertion of the body, arising not to excite the system to the production of the least one half of vegetable matter. In cases where from the too common practice of competition for morbid state, to which it is predisposed from the the earthy part of a soil evidently consists of the quick work among the labourers. The difference accident. The same remarks will apply to falls. decomposed matter of one particular rock, a name in the feelings of those the day after they have thus Sprains. When a limb has been sprained, and derived from the rock may with propriety be applied absurdly over exerted themselves, and of others the accident happens at a distance from home, the to it. Thus if a fine red earth be found immedi- who leisurely finished their tasks, is very great. In sufferer should, if possible, be conveyed home in a ately above decomposing basalt, it may be denomi- the one case, a stiffness in the limbs and a general carriage of some sort; the part is then to be bathed nated basaltic soil. If fragments of quartz and mica indisposition, are often the consequence; while in with cold water, and kept in a horizontal position. be found abundant in the materials of a soil, which the other, the labourers are ready, upon the return If much inflammation attend, leeches should be apis often the case, it may be denominated granitic of the day, to renew their work. Some farmers plied. The most absolute rest is necessary to a soil; and the same principle may be applied to other upon a false pecuniary calculation, encourage such cure, and the sufferer must make up his mind to like instances. In general, the soils, the materials trials of speed. But exclusively of the risk of endure the confinement, unless he prefers a stiff of which are the most various and heterogeneous, are health, and consequent loss of time, more is lost by joint or to risk a fall and increase of the complaint, those called alluvial, or which have been formed running over a field, than is saved in wages and by walking before he ought to put his foot to the from the depositions of rivers; and these deposits food. Good and clean work, more than speed, is ground. Even walking up and down stairs, to and from bed must be avoided. After the inflammation may be designated as siliceous, calcareous, or argillaceous; and in some cases the term saline may A greater quantity of ardent spirits than necessa- and swelling have subsided, the part must be gentbe added, as at the embouchure of rivers where ry, is commonly used in the harvest field. A nomi- ly rubbed with the hand, upon which a few drops their alluvial remains are overflowed by the sea nal quantity per day is sometimes stipulated for, of sweet oil have been dropped, for ten minutes, Oxide of iron is to be found in almost all soils, and but this seldom holds out, and a farmer who is three times a day: the good effects of friction in is the general cause of their reddish brown colour. anxious to secure his crop, and keep his hired men removing the rigidity of a part are slow, but cerWhere this substance is in evident superabundance, in good humour, will not hesitate to indulge them tain. Bathing the part with warm water occasionthe term ferruginous clay, sand or peat, is very pro-in an additional supply, if demanded. Entire relief ally, before rubbing it, will assist in relaxing the perly applied. The leading classes of soils, as far as from the disagreeable task of measuring out spirits muscles and tendons. After a severe sprain of the cultivation is concerned, are calcareous, argillaceous, may often be avoided, by contracting with a person ancle, a laced boot should be worn to give a meferruginous, aquatic, peaty and saline.-Davy. to cut and secure the crop; a gentleman farmer chanical support to the joint. In the agricultural establishments of Fellenburgh, should always endeavour to do so. Sore Lips.-The febrile state excited in the sys desirable. When a gene at Hoffwyl, and of Professor Thaer, at Moegalin, ral indisposition takes place after severe labour in tem by the heat of the weather, the stimulating in Prussia, the predominant earth constitutes the the field, the best remedy is, an infusion of tho- food and strong drink, so freely consumed during genus; the colour produced by its mixture with other rough wort, a plant growing along creeks and in harvest and summer, are the causes of this comearths, salts or metallic oxydes, the species; and the moist places. It should be taken strong at first, to plaint, which is very painful and often continues for degree of commination, or of colour, the varieties. operate as an emetic and purge, and afterwards it weeks. Sometimes the cuticle of the lips will enmay be drunk weak, but warm, to promote perspi-tirely peel off. The means of cure are first, a -Loudon, The practical use of a nomenclature of soils is to ration, which it will do most powerfully. The per- purge of an ounce or half an ounce of Glauber's or indicate the grains, grasses and vegetables to which son affected must lie in bed. If the head ache, ten Epsom salts, or the same quantity of castor oil, a they are respectively best adapted. The terms or twelve ounces of blood should be taken away; vegetable diet for a few days, and a total absti wheat soil, barley soil, turnip soil, grazing soil, clo- and as little nourishment as possible be given, until nence from salt meat. The lips may be bathed ver soil, &c. have already partially obtained among the stomach recover its tone, and the whole system three or four times daily with clear lead water, in farmers Geological chemistry will enable us to its healthy action the proportion of twenty grains to a pint of rain or adapt plants to their peculiar soil with greater cer- A still more serious peril attends harvest. This spring water, and then covered with a soft linen tainty, and to save great labour and expense to the is the sudden loss of sense and muscular power, rag smeared over with an ointment, composed of cultivator. Loudon gives a list of plants that grow from imprudently drinking cold water, while the bees' wax and sweet oil, or fresh hogs' lard. If body is very warm. The remedies must be active pain attend the removal of the rag, the water may naturally upon different soils in Britain. As the systems of roots, branches and leaves are and speedily applied, or death will be the inevita- be applied without taking it off. A much neater very different in different vegetables, so they flourish ble consequence, even before a medical man can application is gold-beaters' skin, with which the lips most in different soils. The plants that have bul- attend. Whiskey or spirit, mixed with hot water, should be covered after using the lead water, and bous roots require a loose and a lighter soil than if at hand, must be freely given: the first draught permitted to remain on.* Inflamed Eyes.-The remedies for a slight comsuch as have fibrous roots; and the plants possessing may consist of equal parts. The body should be only short fibrous radicles demand a firmer soil well rubbed with coarse towels, dipped in hot whis- plain, are opening the bowels by any of the medithan such as have top roots or extensive lateral key and water: the temples chafed with pure whis-cines just mentioned, bathing the eyes frequently key, while a large kettle of hot water is heating. with cear lead water; living on a vegetable or milk Foots.-Davy. If possible, the sufferer should be put into a hot diet, wearing a light hat, and avoiding exposure to bath; but if a bathing tub be not at hand, the body strong Ight. When the complaint is severe, in adON DISEASES AND ACCIDENTS OF FAR- is to be stripped and blankets dipped in hot water dition to the foregoing, twelve or sixteen ounces of must be laid over it, renewing them as they cool. blood should be taken away from the arm; very low given, if the power of swallowing remain. Hot toddy is also at the same time to be freely vegetable diet, strictly adhered to, aided by confinement à a dark room, and purges every third Serious wounds have sometimes happened, from day. If the disease be obstinate or attended with careless persons leaning a pitchfork against the side pain, blood should be drawn from the head and of a stack of hay or grain, with the forks up and temples by ups and leeches. This local depletion men sliding down upon them. The master of a seldom fails to relieve. The jelly of the pith of farm may often prevent such and other accidents, sassafras applied to the eye, will give ease. After by directing his attention to the thoughtless con- the inflammaton is reduced, wash the eyes three or duct of labourers. four times a day, with a solution of white vitriol in MERS. Observations on the means of preventing and reliev Harvest. The harvests of both hay and grain are times full of danger: from the heat of the wea- Concussion of the Brain, and Strokes on the Head, soft water. The proportions are ten grains to half ther, great bodily exercise, imprudent indulgence in require the loss of more or less blood, in proportion a pint of wate. Watery eyes may be cured by the good cheer which is generally provided; from to the degree of injury received, and the age, habits the same remely, and the return of the weakness accidents in carelessly handling the seythe and and constitution of the person injured. The sooner prevented, by washing the eyes with strong brandy sickle, and in stowing away the crop in barns or it is taken away, after the accident has happened, and water twicea day. stacks; and lastly, drinking cold water while heat-the better. The person should be bled if possible, ed. Against the effects of a heated atmosphere while sitting or standing up, so as to induce a faintand blazing sun, a salutary precaution, is the use of ness, and thus save the loss of an unnecessary quan- tened, it crumples and cannot be made to lie smooth. *The gold-beates' skin must be applied dry; if moisa straw or chip hat, or of one made of pasteboard, tity of blood. A purge of Glauber's or Epsom The part to which i is applied is first to be wetted, and with a broad brim to shade the neck. A heavy salts, or castor oil, should also be given, and entire he skin then laid on having previously slit the edges to black wool or fur hat, adds greatly to the heat of abstinence enjoined for one or two days, and then accommodate it to be lips. (To be continued.) Baltimore to Amsterdam, hhds. 6,220 Do. Rotterdam, 7,885 Do. 6,392 Do. Hamburg, 1,080 Do. Antwerp, 301 Do. Stockholm, 117 Do. Do. Do. Do. London, Rotterdam, Bremen, 125-22,289 247 805 The exposure of the eyes to the light must be The effects of decayed teeth in adults are not less gradual, after the inflammation has subsided, and remarkable. Violent rheumatisms in various parts From two or three days must be employed in accommo- of the body, epileptic fits, dizziness in the head, dating them to broad day-light. Persons with weak long continued and severe pains in the head, intereyes, when reading, should sit with their backs to mittent fevers, and partial palsy, and that old comthe light, and when exposed to a blazing sun, gog-plaint indigestion, which so many have recently gles must be worn. found to be a new disease, under the fine name of Chilblains-Are often produced from exposure dyspepsy," abscesses in the cheek, and lastly, ulof the hands and feet to the cold, and then to the cers in the jaw and chin, attended with a general heat of a fire. In some persons they are occa- derangement of the female functions, have all been sioned by unavoidable exposure to the daily change cured by the removal of one or more decayed teeth. of temperature in the open air, and in the house. In some cases the tooth, although it gave pain, ex- From D. of Columbia to Amsterdam, 7,714 Various remedies have been prescribed for this hibited no decay.* troublesome disease. It is often removed by bathing the parts affected in cool water, twice or thrice daily, and keeping them in it until the itching and pain are allayed. They are then to be covered with a warm stocking or glove. In others, the application of spirits of wine, soap liniment, or a strong solution of alum, or of strong vinegar, or of a mixture of equal parts of oil of turpentine and balsam capaiva; a mixture of two parts of camphorated spirit of wine, and one of lead water; or a mixture of one part of tincture of Spanish flies, with six of soap liniment, in different cases have afforded relief. The means of prevention are, to avoid the causes mentioned. The complaint is From Baltimore to Amsterdam, hhds. 6,455 often produced by exposure of the feet to partial draughts of cold air from a door, while the body is immersed in the warm air of the upper region of the room. Cowes & a market 1,848-10,614 State 1st Jan. 1824, .. From which deduct stock in Mary- Which makes the crop of 1822, Stock in Europe, 1st Jan. 1824. 3,739 2,953 In Bremen,. 130-13,277 Amsterdam, painful disease, all of which should be attended to 32,908 8,476 hhds. 41,379 13,380 hhds. 27,999 Rotterdam, All other parts of Europe, say Sales in Europe in 1823. Rotterdam, 924 Bremen, 1,323 Cowes & a market 2,267 22- 8,077 21,854 Diseased Teeth.-General bad health and vanous constitutional irritations, without constant pain, Which makes the growth of 1820, to be hhds. 27,157 Of the growth of 1821-shipped in 1822. often proceed from one or more diseased teeth. Do. Rotterdam, 6,127 Of the crop of 1823—shipped in 1824. From Baltimore to Amsterdam, hhds. 2,692 Rotterdam, 828 2,426 them. Those unacquainted with the laws which Number of hhds. shipped from 1st All other parts of the Continent, 500 Sales in Europe in 1824. 8,238 In Bremen, Which makes the crop of 1821, to be hhds. 32,234 Amsterdam, All other parts, 1,300-18,429 hhds. 7,761 11,244 500-26,407 Dr. Rush, in Med. Repos. New York, vol. 6, p. 285, and his works, vol. 3, 3d edit. p. 349. Sir Astley Cooper's Surgery, p. 6, 7, London, 1824. Of the crop of 1824-shipped in 1825. From Baltimore to Amsterdam, hhds. 2,295 Rotterdam, Do. Do. Do. Hamburg, 8,786 CATTLE AND SHEEP AT SMITHFIELD, LONDON. 966,400 953,630 1,394,467 lumbus oxen, for 314 cents per pound, the last of a fortnight old, for $480, and has been offered $200 which weighed 2090 lbs. nett beef, and the other for another. 1851 lbs. nett beef; some further particulars respecting which oxen and sheep, are furnished in the American Farmer, Vol. 1. March 25, 1820, he sold to the latter gentleman a cow weighing 1842 1811-Beasts, 125,021, Sheep, lbs. nett beef, and a heifer of 1117 lbs. nett, for $15 1812-Beasts, 133,854, Sheep, 700-19,114 per hundred, amounting to $368; and, at the same 1824-Beasts, 170,207, Sheep, time, to Geo. Pepper, a hog, for $85, weighing 675 1825-Beasts, 169,038, Sheep, . lbs. and to G. Elliott 31 sheep, for $450, all of which were slaughtered in Baltimore, March 8, 1821, he sold to J and G. Rusk, 3 steers, 4 years old, for $15 per hundred, weighing 4190 lbs. and remarkably 100- 7,357 fat; a rump of the largest of which was presented, MR. SKINNER, by Gen. Ridgley, to the President of the United In the 40th number of the Farmer, my attention 26,471 States. On the same day he sold to Mr. Elliot 31 was drawn by Mr. Smith, of Virginia, to a late infat wethers and ewes for $371. March 18, 1822, vention of a cast iron grist mill, represented "to be 7,371 he sold to Wolpert and Miller, of Philadelphia, a capable, with one horse, of grinding 10 bushels of cow for $105 70, the four quarters of which weighed wheat or rye per hour, sufficiently fine for flour." hhds. 33,842 1057 lbs. nett beef; and, at the same time, to Peter This mill seemed valuable to this and other neighInckle 33 sheep, weighing 3385 lbs. nett muttor, bourhoods, where water mills are not numerous; 7,687 for $495. March 29th, 1823, to James Elmore, of and from the inconveniences of last summer's drought Baltimore, 2 steers, 4 years old, weighing 1405, and especially, I have been at some trouble to investi1306 lbs. nett beef, for $12 per hundred, and April gate its merit I have profited by the diversified 5, of the same year, to Thomas Curtain, 40 sheep, information of your many correspondents: I would, one and two years old, for $520, weighing 3834 lbs. therefore, as a token of my obligation to them, add nett mutton, and to G. Bowers, a hog, weighing 751 the following description of the structure, perforlbs. nett pork, for $75. March 8, 1824, to James mance, &c. of said mill, to the common stock of Elmore, a five year old steer, for $15 per hundred, knowledge, so copiously contributed to your excelweighing 1607 lbs. and amounting to $241 05, to lent paper for public benefit. hhds. 26,155 Thomas Curtain, 16 sheep, at $13 per head, and to The mill is composed of two circular cast iron G. Bowers, 2 hogs, for $90. January 26, 1825, to plates, 18 inches diameter and 1 inch thick, finely 200-17,809 Charles Nonater & Co. of Philadelphia, a five years furrowed alike, with a breaker, consisting of two old twin heifer, for $420, the four quarters of which parts, for breaking ears of corn, plaster, &c.—one contained 1678 lbs. nett beef, and one four year of which parts is firmly affixed to the upper plate, old steer for $100, and weighing 1397 lbs. nett beef. and one to the lower. The upper plate is permaAnd a short time since, 46 sheep, in Philadelphia nent, and has attached to it a curb, or hopper, 6 weighing upwards of 4300 lbs. The whole of the inches diameter at the bottom, and 15 inches at the sales above stated amount to upwards of $13,500, top; there is a hole through this plate, correspondin less than nine years and six months! ing with the bottom of the curb: the interior of the It may be observed that the last mentioned hei curb is lined with angular teeth or jaws, reaching 400-26,189 fer, which brought $420, the cow sold to Wolpert from the bottom nearly to the top. The lower and Miller, in 1822, for $105 70, the steer sold to phate is the runner, and has attached to it a coniJ. Elmore, in 1824, for $241 05, and two calves sold cally shaped breaker, from 4 to 5 inches diameter, for $40, amounting in all to $806 75, were all de- in which are similar angular teeth or jaws-this, scended from the cow sold to T. and G. Rusk, for when the plates are put together for working, pass$201 30; and which cost Mr. Barney but $50; ma- es into the curb, and nearly through it, forming the king the sales of the cow and her descendants breaker, for breaking all articles fine enough to be $1008 15; exclusive of the cheese and butter made received between the plates. The spindle of the from the two cows. The twin heifer was a cross of mill passes through this breaker, and is regulated Gen. Ridgley's Bakewell breed of cattle, and was a by two cross bars, one at the top, and one at the very remarkably fine beast. [We take pleasure in copying from a Delaware paper the following sketch of the enterprise and success of one of the most respectable and judicious graziers, on whom our market depends for those solid items of comfort and good living-beef, mutton, pork and butter.] Grazing-We have received from a friend of Mr. Barney, a statement of the product of his grazing establishment, some notice of which was recently presented to the view of our readers, in a communication in our columns. As this statement So much for Mr. Barney's establishment; and such is a sample of what the state of Delaware is susceptible of being made to produce under proper management and attention. DISEASE OF PIGS-INQUIRY. Can any of the correspondents of the American will be likely to be highly interesting to a large por- Farmer, suggest a remedy for the violent purging tion of our readers, and may be of considerable ser- to which young pigs or shoats are subject soon after vice to many, we feel a pleasure in laying it before weaning? If so, the information would oblige, bottom of the mill, and passing through them. It D. G. S. Mr. Smith does not vouch for the truth of it:-We Mr. Barney has resided in our state nine years, within which time he has raised the greatest part, and fed and disposed of all the following animals. In the year 1816, November 31st, he sold to Rusk The sale of Mr. Candler's Saxony sheep, took and Kelso, of Baltimore, 70 head of oxen, at $90 place at New York on Wednesday week. The do not believe there is any such mill to be relied on for per head, amounting to $6,300; each weighing up-highest sale was that of a buck, which was purchas- grinding with one horse one bushel of wheat per hour, wards of 900 lbs. and carrying 150 lbs. of rough tal-ed by Mr. Hurd, of Dutchess county, for $350. The fit for family use: much is said in the papers of these low. In the spring of 1817, he sold to G. Elliot, of lowest price brought by the bucks, was $160. The labour-saving family mills, and surely, since droughts the same place, 8 Bakewell sheep, for $27 50 each, ewes generally brought from $36 to 80 or $85. Mr. are so intense and numerous, nothing can be more deall wethers. In the following spring, he had 22 Hulbert, of Winchester, (Conn.) purchased a very sirable, or would be more saleable than such contrivanslaughtered for the same market, which brought fine ewe for $60, for which he was offered $120 ces: why then are they not in general use? Where are him $450; and in 1819, he sold to Mr. Elliot 17, for before night. Mr. H. has already some fine Saxo-they to be seen? Who has, even for two years, used a $350, the aggregate weight of which was 1960 lbs. nies at home, and such is the rage for possessing two cast iron surfaces used for grinding for one year?— horse mill for grinding for family use? Who has seen and the rough tallow 36. lbs. He sold, at the same this description of sheep, that he has, within a few The fixtures for grinding plaster of paris, on the printime, to John and Geo. Rusk, the Delaware and Co-weeks, sold a pair of twin lambs, before they were ciple of the coffee mill are common, and answer their |