He values his farm at $2500, his soil is worn off from the old ones, and they ought in the whole $3000. The interest to be sufficiently enriched to promote vegetation. fore, is When they are actually badly contrived, it should be done; however, not until the gentleman has become sufficiently acquainted with his business, and also with the premises, to enable him to do it properly, and without useless expense.

$300 00

100 00
150 00

70 00

of

$620 00
stock at $500;
capital, there-
$180 00
30 00
19 00
$229 00

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT.

From $620 deduct 229, leaves $391—or $32 58 I believe the gentleman will never be paid for cents per month for his labour. He has a small filling gullies and quarries, if it be done off hand, wood lot at some distance, so that he pays no moand that he who does it, either injures his profes-ney for wood. The produce of the farm used in his CHESAPEAKE AND DELAWARE CANAL. sion, by setting a bad example to his neighbour- family has not been considered in this account. So much interest is felt by all in this great pubhood, or subjecting himself to the ridicule of it. Here is exhibited a picture of independence and lick work, that there are few of our readers who But if he lay suitable materials across the former, domestic felicity, beautiful for its simplicity, and will not be gratified to learn that the whole of the in proper places to stop the washings that empty worthy of imitation. loan of $200,000 asked for to prosecute it, was taken into them, time will effect this purpose much sooner By not keeping a horse, he saves, probably, not on Tuesday as soon as the books were opened, a than some would suppose; especially if the water less than one hundred dollars a year. By having considerable sum beyond that amount being offered. furrows, when the field is cultivated, be construct a small farm, and selling his produce at the door, We have seen a letter written within a few days, ed, so far as it may be found practicable, to run into he is able to do most of his work himself, and there- by two engineers of high reputation, (unconnected them. The water furrows should also be formed to by avoids the miserable and ruinous system of keep-with this work,) who have lately examined the whole empty into the quarries when it can be done. This, ing hired men, who may be lazy and unfaithful, line of Canal. They speak both of its plan and together with making them the common receptacle without diminishing their wages, and who by their prosecution in terms of decided approval; consider for every useless rubbish, (which must be removed wages often make more from the farm than the the mode of passing the low grounds as the best, if to some place,) will, in time, fill them up. While owner. The facts also suggest the advantage of not the only one that could be adopted; and think these slow, but certain processes are in operation, applying the division of labour to farming. Perhaps that all material difficulties are overcome, and the they will set an excellent example to the farmers in marketing should be a distinct occupation. prospect of completion within a reasonable period, the neighbourhood; who hut too generally, for the JOS. TUFTS. absolutely certain. want of a little labour and attention, suffer these very unseemly nuisances to perpetuate their neglect. For the preposterous and very injurious practice of levelling the heights and hollows in fields, we are Mr. Benjamin Hale's account of the savings made by indebted to England. There proper machines have been constructed to execute this ruinous business! with despatch. With these the soil is removed from the heights and emptied into the hollows; which are already enriched by the washings from the heights. By this inconsiderate practice the soil is doubled in the hollows; and the heights, unless the soil be deep, are reduced to sterility. It would be an excellent practice to spread more manure on the heights, and leave the levelling of the field to cultivation and time, which will certainly effect it. He must be a bad farmer, who cannot water furrow his grounds so as to keep the hollows sufficiently dry. (To be continued.)

[From the New England Farmer.]

PROFITABLE FARMING.

Mr. Richard Hildreth, of Sterling, having some business with me, in the course of conversation described to me the manner in which he manages his farms. His system is so simple, so successful, and so easy to be imitated, that the communication of it to the public will probably be beneficial as well as interesting.

His farm consists of sixty-five acres in the easterly part of Sterling, on the old road from Lancaster. The soil is good. From two and a half to three acres are annually planted with corn and potatoes. He raises about one hundred bushels of corn, at the rate of sixty bushels the acre. Of course the quantity of potatoes he raises must be small. He also raises a small quantity of spring wheat.

He keeps eleven cows, and one yoke of oxen, besides swine, but no horse. He has no hired men, except in hay time. He paid the last season about thirty dollars for help. His mowing ground is about

fourteen acres.

His butter is sold to marketers at his door. His calves are sold alive at his door. His whole time is therefore employed in cultivation. His skimmed milk is given to his swine.

The produce sold from this farm the past season been as follows:

Charleston, Jan. 8, 1827.

HOTCHKISS'S STRAW CUTTER.

the use of Hotchkiss's Straw Cutter, employed to
cut hay and straw as fodder for horses.
Mr. Hale is proprietor of a line of stages running
between Newburyport and Boston. He says,
The whole amount of hay purchased

from April 1, to October 1, 1816, (six
months,) and used at the stage stable, T.cwt. q. lb.
32 4 0 10

was

At twenty-five dollars per ton (the low-
est price at which hay was purchased,
in 1816,)

From October 1, 1816, to April 1, 1817,
whole amount of hay and straw pur-
chased for, and consumed by the
same number of horses, viz.
T. cut. q. lb.
16 13 3 10
13 14 1 00

Straw,
Hay,

Cost.
$160 28
850 00
$510 23

[Nat: Gaz.
THE CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO CANAL.
[It is well known that the accuracy of the estimate
of the aggregate expense of this immense undertak-
ing, formed by the Board of Internal Improvement,
was questioned as soon as it was known; and at a
late meeting of delegates at Washington, from se-
veral states most immediately interested, a com-
mittee was appointed to investigate the subject.
We have not now room to present an abstract, as
we may hereafter do, of the facts and arguments
by which the committee arrive at and "report" the
conclusion: that the whole work may be accomplish-
ed for one third of the amount ($22,000,000,) set
$800 00 down by the Board of Internal Improvement. To
all impartial observers, however; it is gratifying to
see, that whilst the COMMITTEE has disclaimed all
impeachment of the motives of the BOARD, they
have paid to their science and industry the tribute
of their decided acknowledgement. It is fortunate,
too, in reference to the effect which must be pro-
duced upon the publick mind by the opinion of a
Board so entirely disinterested, and so distinguished
for talents, that in every instance they have given
as the ground of their opinion, the most minute and
circumstantial data; thus affording themselves the

Deduct, on hand April 1, 1817, by estima-
tion, four tons more than there was
October 1, 1816, at $25 per ton, 100, $410 23 means of correcting any errors of calculation as to
Saving by the use of Hotchkiss's straw
cutter, four months of the last six

months, or the difference in expense in
feeding with cut fodder and that
which is uncut,

Whole amount of hay used for the horses
of the Salem stage, twenty-five in
number, from April 1, to October 1, T.cwt. q.
22 00 0
At $30 per ton (the lowest price in Sa-
lem,)

1816, viz.

Whole amount consumed by the same
number of horses, from October 1,
1816, to April 1, 1817,
T. cwt. q. lb.
Straw, 15 13 0 00
Hay, 215 0 00
Saving in using chopped fodder five
months,

Cost.
$187 80
81 00

Total saving in using the straw cutter

th.

cost of materials and labour. After all, perhaps the most general presumption will be, that the truth lies between the two estimates; and many who reflect upon the difficulty of anticipating all $389 77 the incidental expenses of even the smallest undertaking, will agree with a member of the Board, who is said to have remarked to a prominent pro moter of the Canal in question,-“Sir, your mini00 mum is a good thing with which to begin a canal; and when you are fairly embarked in the work, if you $660 00 meet with unexpected difficulties, you can have re course to our maximum, and come out upon that." From the mass of facts and able reasoning, and the many tables that accompany the proceedings of the Ohio and Chesapeake Canal Convention, now published in pamphlet form, and for a copy where$268 80 of we are indebted to the Hon. C. F. Mercer, the constant, indefatigable and efficient advocate of 391 20 the work, we select the following, having no room for more at present:]

EXCAVATION.

more reason to admire her for those excellent qualBy comparing the estimated cost of excavation ities, which will cast a lustre over a virtuous woman, with the prices paid for similar work on the Ohio when her personal attractions are no more. Canal, and Western section of the Pennsylvania Has your husband staid out longer than you exCanal, it appears that the estimate of the Board is, pected? When he returns receive him as the partgenerally, in reference to the various species of ex-ner of your heart. Has he disappointed you in cavation, more than double, and frequently three something you expected, whether of ornament, or times the amount there paid. furniture, or of any conveniency? Never evince discontent; receive his apology with cheerfulness.Does, he, when you are house keeper, invite company without informing you of it, or bring home with him a friend? Whatever may be your repast,

LADIES' DEPARTMENT.

The following letter is said to be from the pen of one of however scanty it may be, however impossible it
the best and greatest men that Virginia has produced. may be to add to it, receive them with a pleasing
ADVICE FROM A FATHER TO HIS ONLY countenance, adorn your table with cheerfulness,
DAUGHTER.
give to your husband and to your company a hearty
welcome; it will more than compensate for every
other deficiency; it will evince love for your hus-
band, good sense in yourself, and that politeness of
manners, which acts as the most powerful charm;
it will give to the plainest fare a zest superior to all
that luxury can boast. Never be discontented on
any occasion of this nature.

Writter. immediately after her marriage.
My Dear-You have just entered into that state
which is replete with happiness or misery. The issue
depends upon that prudent, amiable, uniform con
duct, which wisdom and virtue so strongly recom-
mended, on the one hand, or on that imprudence
which a want of reflection or passion may prompt,

In the next place, as your husband's success in
on the other.
his profession will depend upon his popularity, and
You are allied to a man of honour, of talents, and as the manners of a wife have no little influence in
of an open generous disposition. You have there- extending or lessening the respect and esteem of
fore, in your power, all the essential ingredients of others for her husband, you should take care to be
domestic happiness; it cannot be marred, if you now affable and polite to the poorest as well as to the
reflect upon that system of conduct which you ought richest. A reserved haughtiness is a sure indication
invariably to pursue-if you now see clearly, the of a weak mind and an unfeeling heart.

path from which you will resolve never to deviate With respect to your servants, teach them to re-
Our conduct is often the result of whim or caprice, spect and love you, while you expect from them a
often such as will give us many a pang, unless we reasonable discharge of their respective duties.—
see beforehand, what is always the most praisewor- Never tease yourself, or them by scolding; it has no
thy, and the most essential to happiness.
other effect than to render them discontented and
The first maxim which you should impress deep impertinent. Admonish them with a calm firmness.
ly upon your mind, is never to attempt to control Cultivate your mind by the perusal of those books
your husband by opposition, by displeasure, or any which instruct while they amuse. Do not devote
other mark of anger. A man of sense, of prudence, much of your time to novels; there are a few which
of warm feelings, cannot, and will not, bear an op- may be useful in improving and in giving a higher
position of any kind, which is attended with an an- tone to our moral sensibility; but they tend to vi-
gry look or expression. The current of his affec- tiate the taste, and to produce a disrelish for sub-
tions is suddenly stopped; his attachment is weak-stantial intellectual food. Most plays are of the
ened; he begins to feel a mortification, the most same cast; they are not friendly to the delicacy
pungent; he is belittled even in his own eyes; and which is one of the ornaments of the female char
be assured, the wife who once excites those senti-acter. History, Geography, Poetry, Moral Essays,
ments in the breast of a husband, will never regain Biography, Travels, Sermons, and other well writ-
the bigh ground which she might and ought to have ten religious productions, will not fail to enlarge
retained. When he marries her, if he be a good your understanding, to render you a more agreeable
maan, he expects from her smiles, not frowns; he ex- companion, and to exalt your virtue. A woman de-
pects to find in her one who is not to control him-void of rational ideas of religion, has no security for
not to take from him the freedom of acting as his her virtue; it is sacrificed to her passions, whose
own judgment shall direct; but one who will place voice, not that of God, is her only governing prin-
such confidence in him, as to believe that his pru-ciple. Besides, in those hours of calamity to which
dence is his best guide. Little things, what in reali- families must be exposed, where will she find sup-
ty are mere trifles in themselves, often produce port, if it be not in her just reflections upon that all
bickerings, and even quarrels. Never permit them ruling Providence which governs the universe, whe-
to be a subject of dispute; yield them with pleasure, ther animate or inanimate.
with a smile of affection. Be assured that one dif- Mutual politeness between the most intimate
ference outweighs them all a thousand, or ten thou-friends, is essential to that harmony, which should
sand times. A difference with your husband ought never be once broken or interrupted. How impor-
to be considered as the greatest calamity-as one tant then is it between man and wife!—The more
that is to be most studiously guarded against; it is warm the attachment, the less will either party bear
a demon which must never be permitted to enter to be slighted, or treated with the smallest degree of
a habitation where all should be peace, unimpaired rudeness or inattention. This politeness, then, if it
confidence, and heart-felt affection. Besides, what be not in itself a virtue, is at least the means of giv-
can a woman gain by her opposition or her differing to real goodness a new lustre; it is the means of
ences? Nothing. But she loses every thing; she preventing discontent, and even quarrels; it is the
loses her husband's respect for her virtues, she loses oil of intercourse, it removes asperities, and gives to
his love, and with that, all prospect of future happi- every thing a smooth, an even, and a pleasing move-
She created her own misery, and then utters ment.

ness.

idle and silly complaints, but utters them in vain.— I will only add, that matrimonial happiness does The love of a husband can be retained, only by the not depend upon wealth; no, it is not to be found in high opinion which he entertains of his wife's good-wealth, but in minds properly tempered and united ness of heart, of her amiable disposition, of the to our respective situations. Competency is necessweetness of her temper, of her prudence, and of sary; all beyond that point, is ideal. Do not supher devotion to him. Let nothing, upon any occa pose, however, that I would not advise your hus sion, ever lessen that opinion. On the contrary, it band to augment his property by all honest and com should augment every day: he should have much 'mendable means. I would wish to see him actively

Prices

adopted by the Committee.

$0.48 Lime.-Average price per bushel,

tion, 25 cents,
(Few required on the Eastern and Western sections,)
At Pittsburg, now delivered of the best quality, from Beaver, (sup-
ply inexhaustible,) 18 cents; transportation on Western sec-

6 27 2 54 Per perch,

do. 5 381 On Western section, $1.624-Eastern, 1.874-average

3 00 On

25 00 For same,

1 00 For same

do.

871

do.

1.124

Eastern
(Western district, 50 cts.
do. 621

8 36 For same,

10 38 For same,

21 49 1500 00

do.

For same, (Western district,) Locks are built on Ohio Canal for $420 per foot lift, and on Pennsyladd $100 per foot to increase their size to that of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, viz: 102 ft. long, 16 wide, and 5 deep, 500 00 vania Canal for $400, 90 feet long, 16 feet wide, and 44 deep;

per foot,

638 do.

1000 00

4 28 16 Walked 14 do.

5

5

41

6

5

24

4 33 40

7

6

39

8.

9

engaged in such a pursuit, because engagement, full speed, a distance of at least three miles more,
a sedulous employment, in obtaining some laudable over a very heavy road. The match was decided,
end, is essential to happiness. In the attainment of too, under the most disadvantageous circumstances,
a fortune, by honourable means, and particularly by as the weather had been extremely wet and hazy,
professional exertion, a man derives particular up to the hour appointed for starting, when the sun
satisfaction, in self-applause, as well as from the in came out unusually bright and warm for the season,
creasing estimation in which he is held by those and created a very unpleasant and heated atmos-
around him.
phere. In fact, the horse was completely steamed conds to spare.
throughout the whole of his arduous undertaking.
I have seen, Mr. Editor, matches of all kinds de-

50

Won the match, having 2 minutes and 12 se

In the management of your domestic concerns, let prudence and wise economy prevail. Let neat[The gentleman who drove the horse was Mr. ness, order, judgment, be seen in all your different cided in England, where every thing that experi- John Randolph. The account would have been departments. Unite liberality with a just frugality; ence in jockeyship could suggest, was put in requi- yet more satisfactory, if it had given the age, coalways reserve something for the hand of charity; sition to insure success, but I must do the gentle-lour, name, pedigree and size of the horse, with a and never let your door be closed to the voice of man who drove in the present instance, the justice description of the vehicle in which he was driven. suffering humanity. Your servants, in particular, to say, that I never before witnessed so much judg. We have no doubt he was deep in the blood.] will have the strongest claim upon your charity; let ment and so much dexterity displayed by any indithem be well fed, well clothed, nursed in sickness, vidual similarly situated. It was owing altogether and never unjustly treated.

I am induced, as you will find, to be particular in [Answer to Veritas in the last American Farmer— my report of this match, from a conviction that, alfrom the National Intelligencer.] though it was performed in the suburbs of our city, or as some on the other side of the Atlantic will say, Audi alteram partem.

in the oilds of America, it will not fail, however, to To THE EDITORS. Sir,-In No. 42 of the present volume, p. 334, is gain admittance into the columns of every European Veritas, in your paper of yesterday, gave an esa piece signed "A Sportsman," and taken from the magazine that is conducted as it should be-with timate of the charges upon the importation of broadElkton Press, respecting the toleing of ducks. The candour enough to give every section of the world cloths, and thence asserted, (and doubtless to inmode is minutely and correctly described, and the credit for every thing it contributes towards further-fluence and sway the public mind upon the subject writer has fallen into one error only. He speaks of

To account for this phenomenon might prove difficult. It is sufficient for us as sportsmen to know the fact is so; and I can communicate two other modes not so generally known. Let the gunner have a small blind on the shore, at some distance from the one built in the water, with a hole or aperture sufficiently large to thrust the arm through, while the body is concealed. Let the person behind the small blind, gently wave in his hand from right to left, and left to right, a red silk handkerchief, suffering it to rest but a moment on the ground. The hole should be about two feet from the earth. The gunner in the other blind will discover the ducks advancing to the shore, and when at a proper distance he may shoot them. The other mode is practised at night. If a person with his ramrod, or a small stick, will make a slight noise in the water near the shore, he will find the ducks approaching the shore. A negro boy will answer for either mode, and the best way is to conceal him' in a blind at some distance from that where the sportsman is posted, and most frequently on the shore, if the advanced blind be not too far in the water. JAMES BOYLE.

(From a Charleston paper.) MATCH AGAINST TIME.

TURF.

Time kept by a Patent Lever and Chronometer.
Started at 11 o'clock, Jan. 9, 1827.
Time of going

1234567890

each Mile.

Aggregate

Time.

Remarks.

he had in hand,) "that the American manufacturer of woollen goods has a real advantage over the English, of 65 per cent. and still is discontented and clamorous." Now, I will show you that, instead of 65 per cent. he has no advantage-that the advantage is against him.

Veritas has taken an invoice of broadcloths, and added to it the exchange, commissions, freight, &c. with the ad valorem duty of 33 per cent., amounting, according to his estimate, to 65 per cent., and this, he says, is the measure of the real advantage which the American manufacturer has over the English manufacturer. Admitting, for the present purpose, that Veritas is right as far as he goes, although his estimate is too high, yet it is obvious that nothing can be deduced from it, because his view is partial. He has taken into his account the 1 5 47 Halted 20 seconds. facts only in relation to one side of the case. Look

at the other.

The English manufacturer pays but a penny a pound duty upon the raw material. The American manufacturer pays 30 per cent. The English manufacturer pays, with exchange from 8 to 12 per cent. in his favour; the American, with exchange | from 8 to 12 per cent. against him. And, as Veritas has added, freight, commissions, &c to the ad valorem duty on cloth, add for the same for the duty 5 Halted 55 seconds. on wool, which the American manufacturer pays beyond what, in like case, the English manufacturer pays. The wool constitutes about one-half the | value of common, and two-thirds the value of fine, cloths; and it will be a low estimate, in the particulars thus far stated, to say that the English manu| facturer has an advantage of 30 per cent.

M. S.

H. M. S.

5 15

5 15

Mr. Editor-I send you the following for publi- | cation, as the result of a Match against Time, as cleverly performed as any hitherto reported, either in the sporting annals of the old country, or of our

own.

It may be proper to remark for the information of your distant readers, that the agreement entered into between the parties, was, that the horse should travel either in a sulky, or under the saddle, fifty times round the Washington Race Ground, a distance of fifty miles in five successive hours. The horse 40 won the match, as will be found below; and as an evidence of how little he was affected by it, on com ing out through the fiftieth mile, he ran away, and was with great difficulty stopped, after running on

Labour in England is a third cheaper than in the United States. Other things being equal, this of itself gives to the English manufacturer an advantage

3 6 4 Halted 45 seconds. of 334 per cent., to say nothing of the immense advan

|tage resulting from experience, skill, and capital, and the undisturbed possession of his own market, and the benefit of ours for his redundant or other products, available at his pleasure. The English manufacturer makes his cloth with the certainty of the British market throughout the British dominions, to the exclusion of every competitor. The duties as now graduated amount to this. The safety of the British empire demands it. But the American ma4 6 17 Halted 60 seconds.nufacturer makes his cloth without the certainty of

Walked 15 do.
FOURTH HOUR.

any thing.

Thus far, then, the British manufacturer has an aggregate advantage of 633 per cent. Add to this,

pop'n

CANNON.

A. B.

What more property ought to have been deducted livered, he began to inquire about his friends; ful spectacle, indeed, to an American, to see the flag from the duties paid by the importing merchant, manifesting the greatest interest for them, and the of his country graced thus with an honoured stathe notorious evasions of the customs, and it will be most minute recollection of every thing concerning tion in a foreign land, and in the abode of one of found that the invoice of British goods which Veri them. He inquired most particularly about the young its earliest and bravest defenders. This was pretas has given, comes into the market of the United ladies of his acquaintance, and wished to know who sented to General Lafayette by the officers of the States, with, to us, ruinous advantages over the Ame- had been married since he left us. After having con- Brandywine upon his leaving the frigate at Havre, rican manufacturer. How, then, could Veritas say versed with the General for some time, Mr. G. W. accompanied with a request that it might be disthat he has a clear advantage of 65 per cent. over Lafayette shewed us to our room; and on returning played upon the anniversaries of Washington's birth the English manufacturer, and add to his assertion to the drawing room. I was much surprised at the day and the Declaration of Independence—which the reproach that followed? number of ladies and gentlemen, particularly of the he has more than complied with from the situation former, who were assembled there, amounting to assigned it. Deaths in the City of Washington, in the years (with of them were members of the family of Lafayette. the portraits of all the Presidents of the U. States. Around the walls of the sitting room are hung quite a large party, although the greater proportion the supposed population of each year,) from 1820. The General advancing to meet me, took me round We were invited to go out to shoot with some Years 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 and introduced me to most of them; and among the of the gentlemen, but declined, preferring a walk Deaths, 327 355 296 356 290 225 283 company were three American ladies, the celebrat- with the young ladies, who accompanied us around Supa 13,474 14,031 14,746 15,183 15,493 16,016 16,677 ed Benjamin Constant, one of the first literary and the grounds in the vicinity of the chateau, notwithpolitical characters of France, and a particular standing the wet and unpleasant state of the paths, The City, as well as the District at large, suffers friend of the General; Levasseur, his companion which, however, the ladies of France do not much much from the want of a code of laws, applicable during his tour in the United States, together with dread. On returning to the house, the General to the whole; for it is now almost impossible for several others. went out to plan some improvements in his grounds, any citizen to say what is the law of the place. Gen. Lafayette's family while at La Grange, con- but not without first calling his granddaughters Another evil under which they labour, arises from sists of his son, G. W. L. and his lady, the Comtesse around him to hold a consultation on the subject; the introduction of non-resident slaves, who are Lasteyrie and Madame Latourbourg, his daughters; and it was really an interesting spectacle, to behold brought here for sale or hire, great numbers of nine granddaughters, one of whom is married, and one who had been a chief actor in so many trying Vom are hired by individuals by the year, re-hired two or three grandsons, very young-the Comte scenes, thus kindly consulting the taste and the by the month or day, and many of them employed Lasteyrie is also there, but he has long been very ill. wishes of his amiable descendants as they gathered on the publick works, to the great injury of the free Dinner being soon announced we all went down, around him, upon a subject of comparatively so labourers, who have families to support, and feel an and at the table were seated twelve ladies and ten trivial a nature. interest in the welfare of the place, besides adding gentlemen, besides half a dozen of the younger In the course of the day we walked out to obtain to its character and physical strength, in the hour members of the family at a side table. Such is the a view of the front of the chateau, which we had but of danger. pristine hospitality of La Grange, and it recalls the imperfectly seen the evening before, and which is memory of patriarchal times to see the venerable the finest part of it. On each side of the arched patriot, in the evening of his days, thus surrounded gateway before mentioned, is a large round buildIn 1545, it was remarked, as extraordinary, that by his descendants, all of whom manifest towards ing in turretted form, surmounted by cupolas, the the French and English fleets had fired not less him the most respectful and affectionate attention. whole most richly and beautifully covered with luxthan three hundred cannon shot. in an engagement After a very pleasant time spent at the table, we re-uriant ivy clinging to the grey walls of this time of two hours! It is therefore evident, that few turned to the drawing room, and the evening pass- honoured edifice, and finely contrasting its deep cannon were carried by any one ship; and indeed, ed away in a most agreeable manner in conversa-green with their venerable hue. The chateau of we believe, that originally the number was only two, tion with the General and the young ladies. There La Grange is the ancestral residence of General Laplaced in a castle in the forepart of the ship-are six of the granddaughters who are grown up, fayette, and is 900 years old. whence the name of "forecastle" is still retained, all of whom are very agreeable. They speak At dinner as large a party assembled as on the though the guns are removed. These guns were English, more or less; but I could not persuade any preceding day, and the time passed very pleasantalso of small dimensions; and probably, at first of them to converse with me in that language, when ly, and after another highly agreeable evening we fixed, to prevent their recoil, as we know they were they found I understood French-and this is their took leave of this interesting family, intending to on land. When the accidents to which their aim invariable practice. They are all very much at return on the next day to Paris. The General was fiable, in consequence of the motion of the ship, tached to our country, and express a great desire wished us to remain longer, but finding we were &c. are considered, we may safely infer that the to visit it. resolved to go, he promised to send us to Rosoy in slaughter they produced could not be great. The I had much conversation with our venerable host, his own carriage, and to rise in the morning to see ordnance was afterwards augmented in number, by during which I often found my attention wandering us off. We remonstrated against this, but he said the admission of pieces of various descriptions and from the subject on which he spoke to the charac- he had always been an early riser. In the morning calibres, which stood without assortment on the ter of the speaker himself, and the many admirable we found Mr. G. W. L. waiting for us below, some same deck. passages of his eventful life; to his early and gene- coffee prepared for us, and the carriage at the door. rous self-devotion to the cause of our country when Our venerable host, early as it was, soon came struggling in her infancy, almost hopelessly, for in- down to see us, and after a short conversation we EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. dependence; to bis firm, his fearless and consistent bade them farewell, and stepping into the carriage, Extract from a letter of an American-dated deportment throughout that dreadful revolution departed from the hospitable mansion of La Grange, which deluged his native land with blood, when his perhaps never again to experience the kindness of Paris, Nov. 1826. adherence to principle lost him his popularity and its most estimable proprietor, and his most amiaMy last letter mentioned that I contemplated a endangered his life; and, finally, to his recent visit to able and interesting family. Thus terminated a visit to Gen. Lafayette, at the ancient chateau of the United States, and his long continued triumphal visit, in every respect truly delightful and interestLa Grange. A few days since Mr. and my progress through the land for whose liberty he so ing; one which will ever be most deeply engraven self set off for the purpose of accomplishing this, gallantly fought in his youth. And when, after a on my memory; one, upon the recollection of which, which has proved to be the most deeply interesting most interesting and agreeable evening, I retired to I never cease to dwell with the greatest pleasure. visit that I have made, and one which shall not my room, it was long before I could close my eyes; soon be effaced from my remembrance. The dis my thoughts recurring to the society in which I had tance from Paris is 33 miles, and we went in a dili- just been, and dwelling upon him whose hospitality gence to Rosoy, and thence in a small voiture te I was now enjoying. I could hardly realize that I La Grange, where we arrived in the evening Driv-was actually at La Grange, the abode of the noble ing through the ancient arched gateway into the minded, the excellent Lafayette; the mansion of him court yard, we alighted and were immediately ush whom we had so recently seen on the other side ered up stairs, where we met Mr. G. W. Lafayette of the ocean, receiving a joyous welcome to the THE PROSPECTS OF MARYLAND. in the anti-room, who conducted us into the draw "hearts and the homes" of a grateful nation. ing room, where sat his father with several gentleThe actual condition and prospects of our native In the morning, we all re-assembled at breakfast; state are subjects that often excite melancholy reUpon entering, we soon recognized the be- on returning from which to the drawing room, our flections; but to what end shall we, by expressing nignant features upon which we had so often dwelt attention was called to the "star-spangled banner," them, give rise to unpleasant emotions in the minds with interest during his visit to our country; and the beautiful flag of the Brandywine, suspended in of our readers-cui bono? The answer is, that it the General immediately arose, and advancing with the adjoining apartment above the portraits of may be in this, as in the case of prevailing and desa friendly smile to receive us, welcomed us in the Washington and Franklin, one of its folds being tructive maladies amongst men and beasts, it often kindest manner. After reading the letter which I de-gracefully thrown over the former. It was a grate- happens that he who describes their symptoms, and

men

THE FARMER.

BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 1827.

per from to

PRICES CURRENT.

ARTICLES.

WHOLESALE. RETAIL. from to

6 10 29 30

16 161 20

50 0

14

16

20

11

14

10

114

28

Havana,.
COTTON, Louisiana, &c.
Georgia Upland, .
COTTON YARN, No. 10,

An advance of 1 cent
each number to No. 18.

lb.

13

16

proclaims their effects, though he know not how to those whom we so much regard. The surgeon uses
treat them; still renders an important publick ser- his probe, not to inflict pain, but to cure the wound
vice, and is entitled to the praise of benevolence, by that gives it. Our object is to invite the suggestions
drawing forth efficient advice and saving prescrip- of those who can benefit society by exposing the
tion, from those whose greater experience enables sources of actual depreciation, and by specifying the BEEF, Baltimore Prime, bbl. 8 50 9 00
them to point out the latent cause of the disorder, appropriate remedy. Does it result from the subdivi- BACON, and Hams,
and to designate the means of prevention or cure. sion of estates; the existence of slavery, and the more BEES-WAX, Am. yellow
The case of Maryland is, we apprehend, not alone; and more unprofitable results of that species of la- COFFEE, Java, .
her depressed and deteriorating condition is, we fear, bour; from the desertion of their native abodes by all
common to all her southern and western sisters. the most enterprising young men, the elite of the
Are we asked for the proof of the declining pros-country to seek richer soils in newer countries, or
pects of the farming interest? We answer, heaven more pleasure with less labour in a city life; or is this
grant that we may be mistaken! but let every man last specification an effect rather than a cause? —of
look around him; let his memory, if it can, run one thing he who runs may read; it requires no So-
back for twenty or thirty years, taking, each one the crates nor Solon to tell us that, as when a people be-
circle of his own county; did it not then abound in come poor and ignorant, corruption and slavery are CHEESE,.
well bred gentlemen farmers, living in good dwell-treading close upon their heels; so something should FEATHERS, Live,.
ings well supplied; their families genteelly clad and be done, and done speedily and effectually, to educate FISH, Herrings,Sus.
well educated; their churches in good repair and the mass of the rising generation. The power to do FLAXSEED,.
well attended; the intercourse of neighbouring fami- this resides in the legislature of the states. Let
lies social and frequent, and their manners and amuse- them use it whilst yet there is amongst the people
ments comparatively refined and elegant? Was discernment and good sense enough to support them
there not every where an air of thriving prosperity, in the measure. The various features of this un-
accompanied by all the evidences of good intellec-pleasant subject will be hereafter taken up and can-
tual cultivation and rational enjoyments? What is vassed more in detail.
now the state of the country? Does any one build
substantial dwellings on a scale, and with convenien-

61222

12

30 32

bbl. 2 371

5 50 6 00 bush 1 00 1 10

FLOUR, Superfine, city, bbl. 5 50 5 75

5 25 5 50

Fine,
Susquehanna, superfi.
GUNPOWDER, Balti.. 25 lb 5 00
GRAIN, Ind. corn, yellow bush

white

Wheat, Family Flour,
do. Lawler, Red,new
do.

Rye,

Red, Susque.

Bar.

NAVAL STORES, Tar,

60

58

60

58

105 1 10

1 00 1 10

nominal.

none

Pitch,.
Turpentine, Soft,
OIL, Whale, common,
Spermaceti, winter
PORK, Baltimore Mess, bbl 11 50 12 00
PLASTER, cargo price, ton. 3 25
ground,

do.

Prime, .

9 00 9 50

bbl. 1 50

The late news from England produced a sort cies for the genteel accommodation and hospitable of fluttering in this market, for a few hours. The entertainment of friends? Do we see through the holders of flour asked the first day $1 per barrel adBarley, Eastern country successive plantations of young orchards to vance; the next day it fell to 50 cents advance. Do. country. supply the place of those whose ruins only serve as that is $5.50 for wharf flour, at which it sticks. It Clover Seed, Red perishing monuments of better management and had not, as we have understood, any sensible effect Ruta Baga Seed, better times? Have not truck patches with worm on tobacco and cotton. The importance of recent Orchard Grass Seed, fences, and cabbages, and potatoes, taken the place movements abroad will be settled, probably, by the Mangel Wurtzel Seed, Timothy Seed, of all the old fruitful paled gardens, neatly laid out next arrival. The Spaniards will succumb and disOats, . and planted with jessamine, and tulips, and roses, avow their agency in the movements of the PortuBeans, White, and pinks, and heartsease? Such were the signs of guese insurgents, and the port of defiance assumed HEMP, Russia, clean, comfort, and such the seats that some of us can just by England will have deterred other powers from Do. Country. giving her countenance and support; or, Spain, as-HOPS, 1st sort, (1826) sured of support from others, will take up the glove, HOGS' LARD,. and a general war will ensue a war of principle- LEAD, Pig Where comfort sat with smiling air of representative monarchy against absolute or leAnd laughing hospitality." gitimate despotism; and being a war of opinion LEATHER, Soal, best, Formerly there were very many farmers and without any particular aggression or geographical MOLASSES, sugar-house gal. Havana, Ist qual. planters in every county in the state, who could boundary in dispute, it will be of wide extent and NAILS, 6a20d. maintain their families in a style of at least compa- of long duration. God grant that one step may be rative affluence; enjoying leisure for mental im- gained in the cause and the progress of freedom. provement, and a taste for social pleasures. They At all events, as respects our interest, we may calcould well afford, in union with three or four of their culate that England will maintain in Portugal an neighbours, to employ a good classical teacher for army of observation; which, of itself, will have a their children; whilst not a few had the means of tendency to promote improvement in the price of sending their sons to some convenient college; de- our bread stuffs. For ourselves, we will not imilighted and happy in the well founded hope of see- tate certain affected philanthropists so far, as to preing them rise to stations of publick usefulness and tend that we do not wish for war-bella, horrida fame; but how many planters or farmers can now bella-a long and obstinate war of manoeuvres, SOAP, Baltimore White, lb. RICE, fresh, spare for a purpose so dear to every parent's heart, without bloodshed-leaving all alive to eat their ra- Brown and yellow, $600, or even half of it, from their money income, tions, without settling the dispute; though we have WHISKEY, 1st proof, to send their sons from home? understood it to be the opinion expressed to one of PEACH BRANDY, 4th pr Need we say that we contemplate with sorrow our senators, by Mr. Gallatin, of long-headed re- APPLE BRANDY, 1st pr the sombre picture we have drawn, and that our pute, that the affair will blow over, if not in nine, greatest happiness would be to find that it is not perhaps in nineteen days! Better prices, say we, to warranted by the actual condition of that class of the American Farmer, let what may happen. worthy and honourable citizens, whose interests will never cease to be the subject of our most ear- A correspondent at St. Augustine, Florida, nest solicitude. Whether it be the natural tenden- under date 3d January, inst., postscribes—“with cy of some part of our political machinery to accele- hands almost frozen.” rate the march of poverty, and, as a consequence, to beget ignorance and crime, or whether the increase of these deplorable evils amongst ourselves be the Tapia, or the art of constructing edifices and walls inevitable result of the present general state and with a composition of shell, or small stones, lime and relations of the world-whether it be within the sand, by Gen. Alex Macomb-Ale and Porter preserver scope and power of domestic legislation, to arrest -Sarah Birkett-Remarks on Gentleman Farming, by their progress and to mitigate their effects, are Lorain, continued-Profitable Farming in New England questions which imperiously demand the considera-Hotchkiss' Straw Cutter-Chesapeake and Delaware Canal-Ches and Ohio Canal-Advice from a Father to tion of the philanthropist and the lawgiver. That po- his only Daughter-Duck Shooting-Match against verty is progressive, and licentiousness increasing in Time, near Charleston, S. C.-On Woollen Manufacour country, cannot be denied. When reckless ne-tures, in answer to Veritas-Deaths in Washington-Printed every Friday, at $5 per annum, for JOHN S. cessities stimulate ignorance, vices spring up in soci- Cannon-Extract from a letter of an American in ety as spontaneously as the rankest weeds from un- France, giving an account of his visit to Lafayette at clean soil. Far be it from us to offend or disparage La Grange-Editorial, Prospects of Maryland, &c.

348

14 18

32 50.

lb. 3

12

20

36

10 12 50

75 31

100 1 25

14 15

10 00 10 50

8 00 9 10 10

lb.

19

22 20 22