Such is the sincere wish of thy friend, I am sensible the foregoing will meet with great are greatly injured by being exposed to either one pot, pressing it down firm, extending it eight or ten opposition and contradiction, but as an experiment or the other. Hort. Trans. vol. i. inches all round, and raising the bank six or eight is safe and easy, I hope it will induce persons of Mr. Barton, already mentioned, differs from Mr. inches above the pot. It will be necessary to exmore leisure, ability, and observation than myself, Maher in cutting from one-year-old plants; but the amine the plants frequently, and to measure the to make trial, as a mean of improving the agricul- reasons he gives for the practice are important, viz. heat within the covers now and then, lest, by some ture of our country. "the prolongation of the season of sea-kale;" for inadvertency, the quantity of litter should not have he has found, after several years experience, that been well apportioned or rightly prepared. If the "one year old plants come in much later in spring heat be under 50°, there is not heat enough to exthan old established roots." Caled. Hort. Mem. cite the plants; and if above 60°, it is too fiery, and vol. ii. may injure them. In about three weeks or a month Such as are partial to this plant and possess the after being covered up, the first shoots will be from means, may have it produced for a much longer pe-six to ten inches long, and fit for the table. If the riod, by forcing the early crops; nothing more being plant send up a flower stalk, cut it away, and sucDirections for cultivating the Crambe Maritima, or necessary than to place over each plant a large cessive supplies of shoots will be produced, till perSea-Kale, for the use of the table. By William pot, as in one of the modes of blanching already haps the end of the third month from beginning to Curtis, author of the Flora Londinensis, Treatise recommended, and cover the pots with long dung to force." on Pasture Grasses, and a variety of works on gardening, &c. HORTICULTURE. SEA KALE. a considerable thickness; the heat of the dung The only thing necessary in forcing sea-kale, plication of forcing, you may have sea-kale in per it be found to answer. (Concluded from Am. Farmer, p. 45.) The following are the essential particulars of the mode of culture pursued by Mr. Maher, already mentioned. Prepare the ground in December or You may begin forcing this plant by the begin than quickly. Like Abercrombie, Maher covers January, by trenching it two spits deep; and if the ning of December, and at the same time that you with dry sea-coal ashes, sifted neither very small soil is not naturally free and light at the bottom, render it so by sand, vegetable mould, and under- of heat in it, for forcing some of your plants, you worms, which, after forcing is commenced, often use horse dung, which has a considerable degree nor very large. These are the best remedy against draining. Then divide the plat into beds four feet wide, with eighteen-inch alleys between them; this may cover over a part of your others with what spring up on the surface, and spoil the delicacy of the gardeners term mulsh, that kind of horse dung the young shoots. Salt, he adds, also effectually done, at the distance of every two feet each way, or litter which is little better than straw; this, if it destroys worms, and will not injure sea-kale. sow five or six seeds, two inches apart, in a circle of about four inches diameter. this operation must forward their growth; and thus, by a judicious ap- not be necessary to renew the linings of hot litter only preserves the plants from cold, will greatly Unless the weather be unusually rigorous, it will be performed with the utmost exactness, bearing in mind that each circle or stool of plants, is oftener than once in seven or eight weeks. Aberfection from Christmas to Whitsuntide. crombie directs to take away the exhausted part, afterwards to be covered with a blanching pot, (fig. Such are the modes of treating this plant, which and mix the remainder with fresh dung and leaves. 1, or fig. 2.) In the following May, or June, the experience has sanctioned; but we apprehend much Maher says, after the sea-kale is gathered, the dung plants will appear, and as soon as they have made, labour and expense may be saved by adopting a will be found in the finest possible state for spring three or four leaves are to be thinned out to three, different mode of forcing it, especially when prac- hot-beds. When the stools will produce no more as regularly placed as possible: Water, if the sea- ticed on a large scale, by bringing the plants fit for shoots, remove the litter and the covers, and dress son be dry; and pick off all insects by hand the that purpose into a smaller compass; that is, by the ground, in order, as observed by Maher, that moment they appear. Trust to no nostrums or taking up at the approach of winter the roots of their leaves may be suffered to grow, and acquire quackeries; but apply the finger and thumb the such plants as are sure to flower, cutting away their and return nutriment to the root for the next year's moment you see the turnip-fly or wire-worm begin side branches, and shortening the root to the length buds. Nicol says, he knows an instance of a row of to attack them. Cover the beds with earth, sand, of nine or twelve inches, and placing them four or sea-kale having been forced in the above way every and leaves, to the depth of 3 inches in November, six inches asunder; they may be forced in a frame, season for seven years, in which the plants in it are and lay over that covering 6 inches of littery dung or in any other way that the gardener's ingenuity as vigorous and healthy as others in the same quarIn the spring of the second year, when the plants shall suggest; as the plants thus used will be ren- ter that are forced only every second year. are beginning to push, rake off the stable litter,dered of little value, care must be taken to have a Barton forces sea-kale on dung-beds, under and add a little fresh loam and sand. Abstain from regular succession of them for this purpose, should frames, exactly in the manner generally adopted cutting, and dress in November as before. for asparagus. The advantages he considers to be The third season, a little before the plants begin The following are the opinions of seven excel- the certainty of having the vegetable fit for use at to stir, rake off the winter covering, laying on an lent gardeners, all of whom have written on this any particular time, and the saving of dung and lainch of pure dry sand or fine gravel. Then cover subject. They agree that sea-kale is remarkably bour. The latter saving, he says, "must appear each stool of plants with one of the blanching pots easily forced; and Mr. Nicol, and that excellent obvious to every practical gardener, when he consi. (fig. 1,) pressing it very firmly into the ground, so amateur horticulturist, Mr Niell, both remark, that ders the difficulty attending the keeping up a proas to exclude all light and air; noting this particu- vegetables are seldom improved by forcing; but per and regular degree of heat, by covering with larly, that both the colour and flavour of sea-kale that sea-kale forms an exception, "the forced shoots dung over pots, and other similar methods, (as geneaccuracy. The fact is one of the most powerful proofs cate in flavour than those procured in the natural year; requiring three times the quantity of dung to produced at mid-winter being more crisp and deli- rally practiced,) at so inclement a season of the of the sexual doctrine of plants, and is strongly confirmed by the familiar example of the certain degene-way in April or May." produce an equal number of heads, to what will be racy of squashes and pumpkins, if grown near gourds; Abercrombie, Nicol, and Maher, recommend necessary when the roots are placed in the frame; the latter even communicate an emetic quality to their forcing in beds in the open air. "Seven weeks," for a common melon-frame will contain as many neighbours. In like manner, melons will degenerate if the former observes, "before the time at which you heads as are capable of being produced in two planted near squashes or pumpkins. A case is record- wish to cut shoots for the table, begin to prepare drills of twenty yards each, by covering with hot ed in the law reports, of an action which was brought the plants for forcing, and to ferment a sufficient dung. He finds two frames, of three lights each, against a gardener near London, in the reign of Charles quantity of fresh stable-dung. quite sufficient for a large family: the first prepared II. for selling cabbage seed instead of cauliflower seed. "Having trimmed the leaves from the plants, about the beginning of November, and the second On trial it appeared that both had been planted near each other, by the purchaser; and to this error, carefully point the surface of the ground; and over about the last week in December; and by the time the gardener contended that the degeneracy of the true the tops of the roots, spread fresh light earth, mix the second frame is exhausted, sea-kale will be reaseed which he had sold, was owing. But he lost his ed with drift-sand or coal-ashes, two or three inch- dy for use in the open ground." Caled. Hort. Mem. cause in consequence of the prevailing ignorance of es in depth. When the dung is well prepared, W Gibbs, of Inverness, (Caled. Mem. vol. i. p. the sexual doctrine of plants: posterity, however, has which will be in about three weeks, proceed to the 38.) also forces in frames, blanching by keeping rescued his name from the imputation of a cheat. The forcing. If you mix tree leaves with the dung, the beds covered with mats. Economy and cerfact quoted by Mr. Wm. Young, in page 53, may be ad- begin to ferment them a week or fortnight sooner. tainty he considers to be the advantages attending duced as another argument in favour of the propriety Cover each of the plants, either with a regular this mode. As the plants are no longer of use after of attending to the caution of Mr. Cooper. This fact and the consequences of it, show that law-size. When the latter is employed, stop the hole sowings: and the plants are allowed to attain three blanching-pot, or with a garden-pot of the largest being forced, a succession is kent up by annual yers should attend to agricultural and horticultural knowledge, as well as to mere professional acquire- with a cork, and cement it with clay, to keep out years growth before taking up for forcing. ments. In an agricultural country, it is peculiarly in- both the weather and the rank steam from the lin- Baldwin forces sea-kale where it stands in the cumbent on them, both for the purposes of justice, and ing. Then lay a portion of prepared dung, alone, open garden in the following manner. “On each their personal advantage. or mixed with tree leaves, about and over each side of a three-foot bed, (fig. 3, 1.) in which the it does not impart to the urine that unpleasant smell, season lose a proportional number of days labour. The seeds of the crambe, or sea-kale, are to be had in every seed shop, and young plants in most market gardens and nurseries. RURAL ECONOMY. ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BEES. Society.] Feeding the Bees.-Near the sea, little honey is collected after the first week in August; but in high situations, where the flowers are later, and heath abounds, the bees labour with advantage until the middle of September. These are the proper periods, according to situation, for ascertaining if the hives intended to be kept contain a sufficient winter stock. The killing of the drones, (a very singular fact in the history of the bee, and which will be noticed hereafter,) perhaps marks this time with more preci sion. sea-kale has been planted, trenches (2, 2,) are formed two feet deep, and eighteen inches wide at bottom; the side of the trench next to the bed is perIt being my intention to describe to the Society If a large hive does not weigh thirty pounds, it pendicular, the other side is sloped, so as to make the management of a single hive of bees, from their will be necessary to allow it half a pound of honey, the top of the trench at the surface level, two feet swarming until they themselves have sent forth their or the same quantity of soft sugar, made into a syand a half wide: this trench is filled with linings of first colony, I shall remark on the different opera-rup, for every pound that is deficient of that weight; hot dung, on the inner edges of which garden tions, as they naturally succeed each other, accord- and, in like proportion, to smaller hives. This work lights are placed, and the glass (3,) kept covered ing to the method now in general use; leaving that must not be delayed, that time may be given for the with mats until the kale is fit to cut. The same followed by me, of taking the honey without killing bees to make their deposit in their empty cells beplan," he adds, "is applicable to asparagus, and also the bees, to be explained under a distinct head. fore they are rendered torpid by the cold. to rhubarb, or any other perennial vegetable in- Variety of Bees.-To the common observer, all I must here notice, that sugar simply dissolved in tended to be excited where it stands, and a cover-working bees, as to external appearance, are nearly water, (which is a common practice,) and sugar ing of boards, canvas, or mats, might be substitut- the same; but to those who examine them with at- boiled with water into a syrup, form compounds very ed for the glass lights." Hort. Trans. vol. iv. p. 63. tention, the difference in size is very distinguishable; differently suited for the winter store of bees. When A. Melross, of Ardgowan, forces sea-kale in a and they are in their vicious and gentle, indolent the former is wanted for their immediate nourishvinery. He plants "along the back of the flue and active natures, essentially different. ment, as in spring, it will answer equally well as a sywhere no vine-roots are, places covers on the plants, Of the stock which I had in 1810, it required 250 rup; but if to be laid up as store, the heat of the hive and in two weeks, when the heat for forcing vines to weigh an ounce; but they were so vicious and la- quickly evaporating the water, leaves the sugar in is kept up," he has "as fine sea-kale as could be zy, that I changed it for a smaller variety, which dry crystals, not to be acted upon by the trunks of desired. When a dish is cut, he lifts the roots, and possesses much better dispositions, and of which it the bees. I have known several instances of hives supplies their places by others from the open ground. requires 296, on an average, to weigh an ounce. killed by hunger, while some pounds weight of sugar He considers this a very easy and certain method, Whether size and disposition are invariably con- in this state remained in their cells. The boiling of especially in a wet climate." Caled. Hort. Mem. nected, I have not yet had sufficient experience to sugar into syrup forms a closer combination with vol. iv. p. 164. determine. the water, by which it is prevented from flying off, Materials and size of Hives.-Hives made of straw, and a consistence resembling that of honey retained. as now in use, have a great advantage over those I have had frequent experience of hives not containmade of wood or other materials, from the effectual ing a pound of honey, preserved in perfect health defence they afford against the extremes of heat in through the winter, with sugar so prepared, when summer, and cold in winter. That the hives in size given in proper time, and in sufficient quantity. should correspond as nearly as possible with that of Covering the Hives.-Bees are evidently natives of In cutting this plant for the table, care must be the swarms, has not had that attention paid to it a warm climate, a high temperature being absolutetaken not to injure the crown of the root by cutting which the subject demands, as much of the success ly necessary to their existence; and their continuing it too close. Most gardeners prefer slipping off the in the management of bees depends on that circum-to live in hollow trees during the severe winters of stalks to cutting them; the leaf, or expanded part, stance. Russia and America, must depend on the heat promay either be cut off before or after the operation From blind instinct, bees endeavour to fill with duced from the great size of the swarms which inof slipping. combs whatever hive they are put into, before they habit these abodes. From my own observation, the The sooner it is dressed after it is cut, the better. begin to gather honey Owing to this, when the hives which are best covered during winter, always Twenty minutes boiling, in general, is sufficient to hive is too large for its inhabitants, the time for col- prosper most the following summer. In consequence, make it tender; this process is the more to be attend- lecting their winter store is spent in unprofitable la- about the end of harvest, I add to the thin covering ed to, as the goodness of the article greatly depends bour; and starvation is the consequence. This evil of straw put on the hives at the time of swarming, a on it; that which is young, recently cut, or forced, also extends to occasioning late swarming the next thick coat, and shut up the aperture through which will be done in less time; when properly boiled, it summer; it being long before the hive becomes so the bees entered, so that only one can pass at a time. is to be served up to table on a toast with melted filled with young bees as to produce a necessity for Indeed as a very small portion of air is necessary butter, in the manner of asparagus; we have been emigration, from which cause the season is too far for bees in their torpid state, it were better, during assured that it is most excellent stewed, and it advanced for the young colonies to procure a winter severe frosts, to be entirely shut up, as numbers of seems well adapted for a pickle. stock. them are often lost from being enticed to quit the When the plant is blanched under a pot, it is fit for use as soon as it is cut; but when blanched in any of the other modes, it requires to be carefully washed from any sand or grit which may adhere to it; and any blemish it may have received from subterraneous insects must be cut away. Sir George Mackenzie, at once a horticulturist I should consider it as a good rule in all cases, hive by the sunshine of a winter day. It will, howand refined epicure, says, that "sea-kale cannot that the swarm should fill two-thirds of the hive. ever, be proper at times to remove, by a crooked easily be overdone in cooking, and that after being The hives used by me for my largest swarms, weigh-wire or similar instrument, the dead bees and other boiled well, it should be thoroughly drained, and ing from five to six pounds, will contain two pecks filth, which the living at this season are unable to then suffered to remain a few minutes before the measure of corn, and will yield, in a good season, 8 perform of themselves. fire, that a further portion of moisture may be ex Scots pints of honey, and for smaller swarms in pro- To hives whose stock of honey was sufficient for haled." Hort. Mem. vol. i. p. 313. Some boil it in portion. Hives with empty combs are highly valu- their maintenance, or those to which a proper quansalt water. able for second swarms, as the bees are thereby en-tity of sugar had been given for that purpose, no As to its excellence as a food, persons differ, as abled much sooner to begin collecting honey. further attention will be necessary, until the breedthey do in all matters of taste; some preferring it Situation for Hives.-That the hives should be so ing season arrives. This, in warm situations, geneeven to asparagus, to which it is related, in point of placed as to receive the rays of the rising as well as rally takes place about the beginning of May, and flavour; others regarding it as little superior to cab- meridian sun, is of considerable importance; heat in cold, about a month after. bage: the general voice, as far as we have been and light appearing the principal stimulants to the Owners of hives are often astonished, that, at this able to collect it, is very much in its favour. action of bees. A hive so situated as not to be touch-advanced season, when their bees had, for weeks In its sensible effects on the human body, it ed by the sun until some hours later than the other preceding, put on the most promising appearance, comes nearer to the cabbage tribe than asparagus; hives in the same garden, would in the course of the 'after a few days of rain, they become so weak and sickly as to be unable to leave the hive, and conti- form as the under at bottom; but in order to give it is usually killed by the cold of the following nightnue declining until they at last die. a conical shape, for the more conveniently fixing No stinging or other violence is ever used; and alFrom paying attention to this subject, I am con- thereon a coat of straw, the panes at top are only though the drone is four times the size of his exevinced, that the cause is as follows: The young five inches wide, which is also covered by a piece cutioner, no attempt at retaliation is ever offered. bees, for a short time previous to their leaving their of board. The upper box has a moulding fixed cells, and some time after, require being fed with to its under part, which projects about a quarter the same regularity that young birds are by their of an inch, and so exactly embraces the upper part parents; and if the store in the hive be exhausted, of the lower box, as to join these two firmly togeand the weather such as not to admit of the work- ther. In the deal which forms the top of the lower A WHISPER TO A NEWLY-MARRIED PAIR. ing bees going abroad to collect food in sufficient box, are cut four oval holes, each one inch wide, quantity for themselves and their brood, the power- and two inches long, through which the bees pass ful principle of affection for their young compels into the upper. This communication, when not them to part with what is not enough for their sup- wanted, is shut by a board, which moves on a nail port, at the expense of their own lives. To prevent such accidents, I make it a rule, that if, during the breeding season, it rain for two successive days, to feed all the bees indiscriminately, as it would be difficult to ascertain those only who require it. Of Swarming. For several years past, my hives have uniformly sent forth their first swarms during the second week in July, from which it appears, that early or late swarming in the same situations is not so much regulated by good or bad seasons, as might have been expected. Near the sea, this will, of course, take place some weeks earlier. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. A WHISPER TO THE WIFE, ON THE MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION OF CHILDREN. "Thus, for the parent's sake, the child is dear, And dearer is the parent for the child." in its centre. The small pane of glass in the top of the upper box, admits of seeing the progress the bees have made in it, without separating it from the lower one. When the swarm is first put into the lower box, derness! Lives there a man who can look at the the communication is shut with the upper, until the mother of his pretty babe, and not feel his heart bees have completely filled the lower with combs, irresistibly drawn towards her? While the simple The communication is then to be opened, when the reflection, "This is the father of my child!" should bees will ascend, and if the season is favourable, make the husband to his wife the dearest object in and the swarm numerous, they will fill it also, but the world— not until they have completely stocked the lower. By removing the straw covering, and looking through the glass in the upper box, it may be seen what ho- A little child is an uncommonly interesting object! The first swarming is so long preceded by the ney has been collected. Should a part or the whole An immortal soul confined in such a fairy form; a appearance of drones, and hanging out of working of it be wanted, it will only be necessary carefully little being for whom the blood of Jesus was shed; bees, that if the time of their leaving the hive is not to separate the upper from the lower box, and shut an epitome of God's greatest, noblest work; "a miobserved, it must be owing to want of care. The the board of communication. The upper box is then niature pledge," as the great poet Goldsmith says, signs of the second are, however, more equivocal, to be removed to some distance, and the bees con- "who may be one day the guardian of the liberties the most certain being, that of the queen, a day or tained in it, driven off, on which they will immedi- of Europe, the bulwark and honour of its aged patwo before swarming, at intervals of a few minutes, ately join their companions in the lower. So soon rents." "And when a mother sees the divine faculty giving out a sound a good deal resembling that of a as the honey is taken from the box, it can be re- of reason sparkling in its little eyes, and issuing in cricket. It frequently happens, that the swarm will placed, and if early in the season, the communica- lisping accents from its ruby lips, how fervently leave the old hive, and return again several times, tion opened for making more honey, but if late, it ought she to implore that Christ would be the Shepwhich is always owing to the queen not having ac- must be kept shut until the hive has swarmed next herd of her little lamb, that he would carry it in companied them, or from having dropt on the summer. If honey-comb early next season is pre- his bosom, that he would in this life shelter it in his ground, being too young to fly to a distance. In ferred to a swarm, then the communication must be fold, and after death place it among the cherubim such cases, I have seen her found near to the old which surround his throne! hive; and on being taken up and placed in the new one, the swarm instantly settled. opened about the beginning of June. All the honey procured in this way is remarkable for its purity, none of the cells having been ever polluted by the hatching of young bees. The first duty which nature points out to a mother is, to be herself the nurse of her infant. Let Gooseberry or currant bushes should be planted no motive, gentle lady, except want of health, induce at a short distance from the hives, for the bees to The greatest advantages, however, from this me- you to surrender this endearing office to a stranswarm upon, as, by attending to this, I have not lost thod, are the early and large swarms,-the conse- ger. The custom of sending a baby to a disa swarm by straying for several years. This, I am quence of not killing the bees. tant hut to be nursed, is now so much exploded, however convinced, depends much on the nature of Conclusion-I shall conclude this essay with some that it is almost unnecessary to dwell on the subthe bees which form the stock When a hive yields curious facts in the history of the bee, which pre-ject. What! to send the pretty babe from your more than two swarms, these should uniformly be sented themselves to my notice during the manage- home and your bosom, from all the love and watchjoined to others that are weak, as, from the lateness ment of this singular insect. fulness its helplessness so strongly calls for; to send of the season, and deficiency in number, they will 1st. I have frequently observed that, during it to be nursed and cradled among strangers; to alotherwise perish. This junction is easily formed, swarming, the twig or branch which supported the low the first dawnings of its reason to beam in the by inverting at night the hive in which they are, swarm, weighing from five to six lbs. or 30,000 bees, atmosphere of vulgarity, meanness, and even vice! and placing over it the one you intend them to en- had its surface completely covered with the first 300 Forbid it, mothers! Should circumstances renter. They soon ascend, and apparently, with no or 400 that alighted upon it, the remainder of the der it inconvenient to bring a wet-nurse into the opposition from the former possessors, as I have swarm having their whole weight supported by that house, sooner, a thousand times, would I rear the never observed fighting to be a consequence. small number, which, in any other situation, must pretty babe, in nursery phrase, with the spoon, It being very universally believed, that two queens have torn them to atoms. than treat it with such unkindness and injuscannot live together in the same hive, I have for se- 2dly, 'That light is not necessary to the labour of tice. And now, after the lapse of a year or two, veral days after this forced junction, searched for bees, or if it is, it must be in a degree incomprehen- the poor baby, ill-reared, and alienated from its fathe murdered queen, but never with success. Should sible to us. The passage to the abode of the hum-mily, is brought home. His little heart pines, and the weather, for some days after swarming, be un- ble bee, is often a zigzag several yards in length, saddens; and he cares not for any body, nor any favourable for the bees going out, they must be fed through which it appears impossible for any light to thing, in the fine house he has got into. His nurse, with care until it clears up, otherwise the young pass. and fosterfather, and Billy, and Peggy, and the cat, swarm will run a great risk of dying. 3dly, Bees are entirely directed to their food by and little Beauty the dog, are all the world to him. Method of obtaining the honey without killing the smell, as appears from the following experiment. I And the hawthorn tree which grows at the cottage Bees. The Society will see, from the peculiar struc-placed in a tea-kettle a cloth, through which I had door, and the clear stream which runs in the adture of the hive, with which I accomplish this ob- strained some honey, and after fixing the lid, I put joining field, have more charms in his eyes, than ject, that I was under the necessity of making it of it on the ground about 200 yards to the windward his father's fine-spreading chestnuts and cultivated wood, in place of straw, which, for the reasons be- of some hives. I was soon after much amused in grounds. He is a pet with no one, and no one is a fore given, I should have preferred. seeing a number of bees following the different wind-pet with him. His more fortunate brothers and sis It consists of two distinct hexagons, one placed ings of the scented breeze, until they reached the ters are all preferred before him, and, untutored above the other. The under is formed of six panes spout of the kettle, which they immediately entered. and neglected, no pretty ways endear him to his faof half inch deal, each measuring ten inches in 4thly, Killing the drones by the working bees, mily, no pretty words issue from his little untaught width, and eight in depth, and covered with a thin when the breeding is at an end, is performed in a lips. But I will suppose better things of you, and board at top. This forms a box that will contain singular way, and done by one bee in general. It drop the subject for the present. two pecks measure of corn, and which I consider as almost uniformly fixes on the drone, at the insertion Do not, if it can be avoided, wean your child till sufficient for the largest swarm. This is intended of the left wing, when it tears with its fangs the mus- it is twelve months old; and when compelled to infor the breeding, as well as winter habitation of the cle which moves the wing, so that when thrown flict on it this its first misfortune, do it with mercy; bees. The upper is of the same dimensions and from the stand of the hive, it cannot again rise, and not suddenly nor decidedly, but slowly and by de you look around, grees; giving it for the first week suck only twice make it hardy, let its petticoats be very short, and Surprise so often, while or thrice a day; then only once; and then dropping its arms and bosom be exposed to the air. Let it And nothing strikes your eye but sights of bliss, it entirely in the day, but continuing it at night for sleep in the middle of the day, till it is three years All various nature pressing on the heart: some little time. And thus will the pretty babe be old; put it to bed at seven o'clock, and let it rise An elegant sufficiency, content, spared an anguish which even the Almighty seems early. Plunge it every morning into cold water. Retirement, rural quiet, friendship, books, to wish to awaken the mind to, when in his holy beginning in warm weather, and continue it every Ease and alternate labour, useful life, book we find those word: "My soul is brought low season after. If the child should be delicate, let the Progressive virtue, and approving Heaven. even as a weaned child."* I really do not well under- chill of the water be slightly taken off by adding a lit- These are the matchless joys of virtuous love; stand why people remark it is best to wean a child tle warm water to it, until the child gets hardy. Be And thus their moments fly. The seasons thus, at eight or nine months old, when experience so de- particular in the choice of the servant who attends As ceaseless round a jarring world they roll, cidedly contradicts them. Look at the children of your baby; and, if possible, let some one of the Still find them happy; and consenting Spring the peasantry. Mark the health which sparkles in family accompany her when she takes it to walk. Sheds her own rosy garland on their heads: their eyes, and the strength which gives activity to To rest her arms, she will often most injuriously Till evening comes at last, serene and mild; their little limbs; and yet those children are seldom place it on the damp ground, or go into a house in- When, after the long vernal day of life, weaned even so early as twelve months old. "Ifected perhaps with whooping cough, small pox, or Enamour'd more, as more remembrance swells never knew child or mother injured," said a clever some infantine disease: and then, instead of the With many a proof of recollected love, and humane physician, "by a late weaning." benefit of air and exercise, the poor baby is kept Together down they sink in social sleep; I have often thought man could learn from an in- sitting in her lap, while she perhaps gabbles away Together freed, their gentle spirits fly fant a sweet lesson of love and gratitude. In the anecdotes of the family she lives with. In a fit, To scenes where love and bliss immortal reign." act of weaning, has any one observed its countenance loosen the child's clothes, raise the head, place it in all the eagerness of hope and anxiety, seeking near an open window, sprinkle the face with cold round for the beloved face of her from whom it has water, rub it all over with your warm hand, tickle derived its support? Mark the expression of each the nostrils and inside of the ear with a feather. little feature; mark the apathy with which it turns Let it be moved as little as possible; put it in a from every other face; and when it has discovered warm bath, or keep a succession of warm flannel the object dearest to its little soul, the flushed round it. To an infant, give five drops of hartscheek, the delighted eye, the shout of joy, the eager horn in a little water; to a child of two years old spring to reach her arms-all indicate the extacy you may give ten; but give it with caution, to preand triumph of the interesting creature: and one vent it going against its breath." longs to lavish kisses and caresses on him. And is it love for the very object herself which causes these emotions? Yes, truly: for though another nurse appears who could just as well supply him (To be continued in our next.) CONJUGAL HAPPINESS, ATTACHMENT. with the beverage he is languishing for, he regards AS RESULTING FROM MUTUAL AND WELL REGULATED The following rules, written by the directors of the Universal Dispensary for Children, and recommended by the late Queen Charlotte's physician, will not, I trust, be considered irrelevant, and perhaps may be acceptable to the mother. young "Proper nursing tends to preserve the human species. The mother's breast is the infant's birth "But happy they! the happiest of their kind! it produces griping. And beware at any time of While those whom love cements in holy faith, year, *The greatest cruelty practised in weaning an infant To teach the young idea how to shoot, is, that of separating the nurse and child so completely To pour the fresh instruction o'er the mind, as to render it impossible, though convulsive screaming may threaten the baby's life, to remedy the grievance Lo breathe th' enlivening spirit and to fix by the soothing draught which the pretty sufferer is The generous purpose in the glowing breast. shrieking for. Oh, speak the joy! ye whom the sudden tear SPORTING OLIO. RURAL SPORTS. occasional excursions to the country, "where bloom- The sedentary and oppressive occupations of a city life, which beget " the languid eye, the cheek Deserted of its bloom; the flaccid, shrunk, And withered muscle, and the vapid soul," require to be counteracted by refreshing amusements that are only to be found in the country; and for all such healthful and innocent enjoyments, no city possesses greater facilities in its immediate vicinity, than Baltimore. There is not a road, nor a water course, that does not afford beautiful situations for recreations such as we have mentioned. In other large cities, in summer season especially, on Saturday afternoons the whole population is in motion. We do not recollect ever to have passed a more pleasant day than at a quoit club party in the neighbourhood of Philadelphia. They meet every Saturday, under the following rules of association:] RULES OF THE PHILADELPHIA QUOIT CLUB. 1. The number of members shall be limited to 20. 2. To become a member, a gentleman must be proposed at a meeting; and in case of a vacancy, be baliotted for on the succeeding club day. Should the number be complete, the Secretary shall keep a list of candidates to be ballotted for when vacancies happen in the order they were proposed. 3. Two black balls shall exclude a candidate, and no ballot shall take place, unless there be at least 13 members present. 4. The meeting shall take place on the first Saturday in May. 5. No member shall accept of any invitation on club day. 6. No invitation to be given to other than strangers, excepting by the President of the day, who shall have the liberty of inviting two friends. 7. The President of the day, or some other member of the club as proxy for him, shall attend the giving out of wine,* porter, &c.; to have the wine, [* Wine might be dispensed with to advantage, and the subscription be not half so much, or let those who must have it, bring their own.] coits, &c. locked up in the evening, and to deliver the key to the President of the succeeding day. 8. No hot dishes to be allowed on any account, except vegetables. The penalty for infringing this rule shall be 1 dozen of Madeira for the use of the club. 9. A Secretary and Treasurer shall be appointed; the latter the oldest member, and the former the youngest member of the club. when all are together. A blue grey cloth looks and $75; Improved, two knives, $25; Common Cutting MISCELLANEOUS. 10. The duty of the Secretary shall be, to purchase the wine, &c. and to give his orders upon the AGRICULTURAL MACHINES AND IMPLETreasurer for the amount. 11. The duty of the Treasurer shall be, to take charge of the subscription money. 12. The accounts of the Secretary and Treasurer to be settled annually on the 31st December. 13. On the first meeting of the club, each member shall pay to the Treasurer 25 dollars, and be liable to be called upon for their proportion of any additional expense. FOX HUNTING. EXTRACT TO THE EDITOR FROM AN OLD SPORTS MAN. MENTS. [An acquaintance of several years has inspired America, or the West Indies, executed with promp- the most of which will be made to order. PLOUGH CASTINGS. Wood's, (Freeborn) Hitchcock's, Stevens', Dutcher's, &c.; comprising mould-boards, land-sides, and shares. A great variety of these is kept constantly on hand, which will be sold low to country manu facturers. Also, Sleigh-Shoes; Sash-Weights; Machinery, &c. Orders received for castings, and patterns made if required. DRILLS. The only Drill much used in this country, is that With regard to staghounds, that they are to be liberal credit is given when a quantity exceeding for sowing turnips. It delivers the quantity of seed had of this name, there is no doubt, but they can $100 is purchased. Agriculturists may depend upon thod of sowing. They can be so modelled as to required with exactness, and is by far the best meonly be found in the king's pack. The subscrip- receiving well-made articles, as the Proprietor of tion packs and those of the nobility, are accustom-the Repository is determined not to manufacture sow carrot seed sufficiently regular. Price $10. ed to run the fox, as well as deer, and of course except in a workmanlike manner. have more speed, and ever since the days of Mey- The numbers in this catalogue commence with nel, have been increasing in speed. In the king's the smallest or lowest priced articles. pack as in all others, they annually discard the old hounds, to make room for the young ones; packs being limited to number. These cast hounds are CORN SHELLERS. FANNING MILLS. Great improvements have lately been made in these machines. They are now more portable, clean better and faster, and but seldom get out of order. The cockle and chaff are completely sepaPatent Plate Machine. These machines are per-rated from the grain. By a new method of manuthe perquisite of the whippers in, to sell for the fectly simple, cannot get out of order, and do their facturing, they are now made so as to be taken carcase and hide. I never saw but one of these work effectually. The quantity shelled will depend apart for foreign orders, and packed in boxes, ocdogs, and that by accident in Philadelphia market, upon the number of hands employed in feeding the on a very rainy day. He was in heighth and frame machine, as it will shell as fast as the corn can be cupying, comparatively, but a small space. Price, common size, $20-extra, $25. the largest dog I have ever seen, finely proportioned, thrown in. and with a note of thunder. The owner could not Two men working steadily will shell in a day (of be found. I shall not feel disappointment if you ten hours,) from 150 to 200 bushels of (shelled) fail in procuring a pair. corn, or 300 to 400 bushels in the ear. The cob is CORN MILLS. FLEXIBLE TUBES. For relieving cattle that are hoven or choked. This is a highly useful article, which should be owned by every farmer, having a large stock, as in the most simple manner cattle are instantly relieved, when in very dangerous circumstances. The following are the directions for using the tube: First, put the gag in the mouth of the animal, and buckle it on the neck; then, if choked, insert the concave end, and force down the obstruction. At one period of my life and for many years, I pursued the chase with great ardour, never hunting more than six couple of dogs. I went out twice a week. Glad to see a full field of horsemen, but ne ver suffered strange hounds among mine. I would not recommend more than fifteen couple for a subVarious machines have been offered to the agriscription hunt, but these to be equally matched in cultural public for grinding Indian corn and other If hoven, insert the conical end, (the whole length speed and bottom, but varying in colour and tongue, grain, by hand, but they are all greatly deficient, will not injure,) and continue it until the air has Blowing dogs are always slower than yelpers, and requiring an exertion of strength beyond the capa- escaped out of the tube: immediate relief, of course slow dogs are not only most certain to kill, but are city of one, or even two men. Perhaps the best follows. Price per pair, for cattle and sheep, $6. less laborious to follow But one person should hunt the dogs, aided by an attendant, or if you mills. These will, however, only crack the grain. are the imported large mills similar to post coffeeplease a whipper in, and there should be a fine for In the Repository, is an improved horse mill, with overriding the dogs on the drag. The dogs should French burr stones, the runner revolving vertically. acquainted with each other and the huntsman. As crack 75 bushels of corn per day, and also grind be all kept at one kennel, that they may become It is calculated for the power of one horse, and will soon as you can, discard all the babblers, cutters, and fine. Price, without horse power, $50. such as after a smart run take to horse, keep none but busy working dogs. CHURNS. Cradle Churns; Barrel Churns; Common Churns. COFFEE MACHINES. HORSE HOES AND CULTIVATORS. Horse Hoes.-This instrument is invaluable in the cultivation of corn, potatoes, turnips, or any crop in rows or drills. It expands from 12 to 28 inches, cuts out the weeds completely, and earths up on each side, provided the mould-plates are on, or acts as a scarifier with them off. It is more effectual than the hand hoe, lighter than the plough, and with one horse and a boy, more work may be Blakie's Horse Hoe, or Scarifier.-Invented by Mr. Blakie, steward of Mr. Coke, of Norfolk, England. It is calculated for all kinds of row culture, and is a I always hunted in the old English jacked leather Burder's Box Churn-This is an oblong box concap, covered with black velvet. It has many ad- taining a dasher which revolves, which when the done in the same time with it, than with three vantages: First, you are not apt to lose it, and last butter is made, is taken out. It is by far the best ploughs. It is so formed, that it will expand either and not least it protects your head in case of a fall, churn ever invented. With it, butter can be made as a scarifier or a cultivator. The depth at which or the stroke of a limb. The coat over a spencer, in a short time, with little labour. The sizes are it acts, is regulated by a wheel at the end of the next your waistcoat should be made somewhat in the various. Prices $3 to $8.00. beam. Price $15. form of the common frock coat, standing collar, and so straight before that when mounted, you can conveniently cover your knees with it in case of rain, and on account of bushes, snags and briars, should not be longer than to cover your knees. A neat belt of two buckles for your waist, in which you hang the dog's couples and your horn. In this belt you can also hang a hautboy, clarionet, or other wind instrument; these with a French horn or keyed bugle, will animate the scene upon the death of the fox. Hill's, three knives, $45; Passmore's, four knives, The huntsman should alone use the horn, except $75; Rowntree's, two knives, to cut different lengths, valuable implement. It is also useful in gardens, to clean rows of vegetables. Will expand from 8 to 24 inches, and is of light draft for one horse. It acts only as a surface scarifier. Price $12. Beatson's Scarifier and Stubble Rake. This completely pulverizes the soil, and is chiefly intended to act without the plough. For a description of its use, see Gen. Beatson's New System of Agriculture. Price $20. |