ter and Harwood, and to include the antiquities of Greece in general, particularly of Athens, Sparta, Thebes, Rhodes, and, Macedonia; in 2 vols. 8vo.

Mr. SOUTHEY is employed upon a work, to be entitled Bibliothéca Britannica, or a complete History of English Literature.

Lord NELSON has lately captured in the Mediterranean a vessel containing twentyseven cases of antient sculpture, chiefly brought from Athens. They had been collected, in the course of the last twenty years, by the French resident Fauvel.

FRANCE.

A magnificent work has been undertaken at Paris, of which the first number has already appeared, entitled The French Museum, containing a complete exhibition of the pictures, statues, and bas-reliefs, which compose the national collection; with an explanation of the different subjects, and discourses on painting, sculpture, and engraving. It has been the avowed wish of the French Government to render Paris the great school of the arts; and this wish seems to have been kept steadily in view, under all the various changes of the revolution. For this purpose the conquered countries have been despoiled of their most valuable pieces, which, together with those in France that escaped the destructive rage of the revolution, now form one vast national collection, chiefly arranged and exhibited in the Museum of the Louvre. The editors of this work propose to give plates of every interesting article in the

museum.

M. CONTE has discovered a method of preventing the oxydation of iron and steel, or, in the language of common life, of preventing those metals from rusting. This method consists in mixing with oil-varnish, one-half at least, or at most four-fifths, of highly rectified spirit of turpentine, according to the greater or less degree of durability that is intended to be produced by it. This varnish is to be lightly and equally applied, with sponge, to any article; after which it is to be put in some place out of the dust. It is asserted, that articles varnished in this manner, preserve their metallic lustre, and never contract the smallest spot of rust. This varnish may likewise be applied to copper, the polish of which it preserves, and the colour of which it heightens. It must prove of peculiar advantage in the preservation of philosophical instruments from any alteration in experiments in which they are exposed to water, and consequently rendered tiable to rust.

GERMANY.

The following method of making Artificial Yeast is employed in Germany and Sweden.

To one hundred pounds of the best malt, consisting of one part of malted wheat and two parts of malted barley,

dried in the open air, and well ground and bruised, add ten pounds of good hops, and brew the mixture with three hundred and fifty pounds of water, to form wort. After a short boiling, separate the grains and hops from the wort; which last, by continued boiling, may be reduced to one hundred and seventy-five pounds. Cool it down as soon as possible to seventy degrees of Fahrenheit, and then mix it with thirtytwo pounds of yeast; the first time it inay be common brewer's yeast, but in every subsequent operation the artificial. The wort will soon ferment, and in a few hours will be covered with a thick yeasty froth. The whole mass must then be strongly agitated, and at the same time be well mixed with from fifty to seventy-five pounds of fine ground meal, of wheat or, barley, malted or unmalted. In a cool place, this yeast will keep ten or fifteen days in summer, and four or five weeks in winter. It is said to be as good as the best common yeast for the use of brewers, bakers, pastry-cooks, and distillers.

A discovery of a very remarkable nature, and of the utmost importance in its consequences, has been lately made, it is stated in one of the foreign journals, at Constantinople. Dr. Carro, of Vienna, is said to have received accounts from two eminent surgeons, named Aubon and Lafont, the one residing at Constantinople, the other at Calouichi, and neither of whom had any communication with the. other, stating their having discovered, by repeated experiments, that the VACCINE INOCULATION IS AN EFFECTUAL PRESERVATIVE AGAINST THE PLACUE! Out of six thousand persons who were inoculated at Constanstinople, not one was infected with that dreadful disorder; and even infants, after having been inoculated, were allowed to suck at the breasts of their mothers who had the plague, and did not take the infection. It also appeared, that those persons who had been employed in milking cows in the villages round Constantinople, and who received the vaccine infection, never caught the plague though it raged near them. The system of vaccine inoculation, as applied to the extermi-. nation of the small pox, has been justly deemed one of the greatest blessings of Divine Providence to the world in these later ages; its application to the extinction of the plague would, of course, rank it still higher.

RUSSIA.

A public library has been established in the Island Kadjak in the South Sea. This island belongs to the West American Company at Petersburgh, and forms the prin cipal settlement of that company; the members of which have raised, by voluntary subscriptions, the sum necessary for forming this library, composed of several thousand volumes; and for establishing a

public school, where the children of the natives are instructed in reading, writing, and arithmetic.

The ECONOMICAL SOCIETY of St. Petersburgh have proposed the following prize questions for 1803.-1. By what means can a spirit of activity and industry be excited among the people, particularly the wives and children of the peasantry, in order to encourage the habit of those labours which are necessary for their wants? -2. How can the poor in the hospitals of Russia be usefully employed, so that, if they be fed according to the principles of Voght and Rumford, they may be enabled to earn something in addition by labours useful to the state or to the soldiery?—3. To propose a good method, suited to the capacity of the Russian peasant, for the preservation of his health, and to enable him to apply remedies himself in most indispositions; or an elementary work on health for the cominon people of Russia, pointing out the best preservatives, extracted from indigenous plants, their preparation, and the manner of employing them.-4. What means can be employed to induce the Russian peasant to learn a handicraft business, in which he and his family might be usefully engaged during the winter? The respective prizes are proposed by wealthy Russians, and the tendency of the questions to ameliorate the condition of the peasantry and poor, does honour to the proposers.

Count SERGI DE ROMANZOW, of Petersburgh, has lately made an experiment of considerable importance to farmers. He inoculated all his flock for the scab, and out of 2300 sheep, which were subjected to the process, not one died of the disease.

More than 3000 sheep were secured by the cow-pock inoculation, by Dr. HEINZE in the Ukraine, from a contagious distemper which proved fatal to the flocks of the surrounding districts, and even in the place where the experiment was made t such of the sheep as had not been inoculated.

NORTH AMERICA.

M. BAUDRY DES LEZIERES, member of the American Philosophical Society, has lately drawn up an interesting Memoir on Animal Cotton and the Insect which produces it. By some this insect is called the FLY CARRIER, and is produced from eggs scat

tered by the mother after her metamorphosis into a whitish butterfly. The egg is hatched about the end of July, when the animal is decked with a robe of the most brilliant and variegated colours. In August, when about to undergo its metamorphosis, it exchanges its superb robe for one of a beautiful sea-green. This new decoration is the signal for those tortures from which it derives its name. A swarm of ichneumon flies immediately assail it, and drive their stings into the skin of their victim, over the whole extent of its back. and sides, at the same time slipping their eggs into the bottom of the wounds which they have made. These eggs are hatched at the same moment. Little worms issue out at every pore, and the Fly Carrier is so entirely covered with this animated robe that nothing is visible but the top of his head. Each of these worms works himself a little cocoon, in the shape of an egg, in which he wraps himself; thus weaving, as it were, his own windingsheet. They seem to be born but to die. These millions of cocoons all close to one another, and the formation of which has not taken two hours, appear like a white robe in which the Fly Carrier is elegantly clothed. While they are thus decking him, he remains in a state of almost lethargic torpidity. As soon as the covering is woven, and the little work men have hidden themselves in their cells, the Fly Carrier endeavours to rid himself of his guests, and of the robe which contains them. He comes out of the inclosure deprived of all his former beauty, in a state of decrepitude, exhausted, and threatened with approaching death. He shortly passes to the state of a chrysalis; and, after giving life to thousands of eggs, suddenly loses his own; leaving to the cultivator an advantage which may be so improved as to more than compensate the ravages which he occasions in the indigo and cassada plantations. As soon as the flies have quitted the cocoon, it may be used without any preparatory process. It is made up of the purest and finest cotton, in many respects superior to vegetable cotton. The harvest is sometimes so abandant, that in the space of two hours the quantity of one hundred pints, French measure, may be collected.

THEOLOGY.

The Alarming Crisis; a Sermon delivered August 7, at Kingston-upon-Hull. By the Rev. Miles Popple; sold for the Benefit of the Fund for the Defence of the Town and Neighbourhood of Hull. Is.

Britons exhorted to the Defence of their Country, in an Address on the threatened Invasion by France, delivered August 28, at Bath. By the Reverend Thomas Broadburst. 6d.

The good Effects of an united Trust in

with every other Evolution; and including Castrametation, Home Service, and other military Information; to which are added, Laws relative to Volunteer Corps in geneand an Abstract of the Defence Bill; with appropriate Engravings. 12mo. 5s.

A Treatise on Gunpowder and Fire Arms, containing Instructions for the Soldier, and for the Sportsman. By G. Montague, Esq. 3s. 6d. sewed.

The French Army as it has been organized, and is still led into action; with a parallel View of the Designs of ancient Rome against Carthage, and of France against Great Britain; likewise a proposed Plan for butting the Troops, and Remarks on the Superiority of Pikes over Fire Arms, &c.; and a Discourse relative to the Strength of this Country under the Circumstances of Invasion; to which are added, Anccdotes respecting the Conduct of Frenchmen towards Englishmen who became acquainted with them on the Continent, &c. 2s.

On the Defence of Picquets, relative to Service in the Field. By Citizen Fossé, formerly Lieutenant-colonel in the French Service. Translated by Colonel T. Pocket Size. 1s. 6d.

A new Edition of the Works of Lady Mary Wortley Montague, 5 vols. foolscap 8vo. 25s. boards.

Kearsley's new Tax Tables for the present and ensuing Year, containing, among other Matters, the Consolidated Assessed Taxes, which will commence in April next; the new Receipt Tax, and a new Stamp Table; the new Consolidated Excise Duties, and an Abstract of the general Tax upon Income. Is.

A complete Abridgment of all the Customs and Excise Duties, with the Drawbacks, Bounties, and the Laws which regulate the Import and Export, down to the present Time, including the Allowances, Exemptions, &c. alphabetically arranged. By a Supervisor of Excise. 8vo. 7s.

Castiline's Tables of the Taxes for the Years 1803-4, upon a new Plan of Arrangement. (To be continued annually.) 10d.

Hardy's Customs; containing every se parate Duty of the Customs as regulated by the last Acts; with an Abstract of the Acts. Pocket Size, 2s.

The Nautical Almanack, for the Years 1803-4-5-6-7.

Tables of Exchange; English into Irish, and Irish into English Money. 3s. 6d.

An Appeal to the Public Spirit of Great Britain. By Charles Marsh, Esq. 3s.

A Candid Appeal to Public Confidence, or Considerations on the actual and imaginary Dangers of the present Crisis. By T. M. Moore, Esq. 1s.

A View of the Causes which led to, and justified the War with France. Is.

Substance of the Speech of the Rt. Hon. William Pitt on the General Defence Bill, July 22. 3d.

Observations on the Restrictions of the Volunteer Corps, being a Postscript to an Address to the People on the threatened Invasion. 2d.

Mr. Francis's Speech on the Affairs of India, delivered in the House of Commons, July 29. 1s.

The Grand Contest deliberately considered; or, a View of the Causes and probable Consequences of the threatened Invasion; with a Sketch of the Life of Buonaparte, addressed to Britons. By Francis Blagden, Esq. 1s.

A Letter to Napoleon Buonaparte, styling himself The Government of France, &c.; exhibiting a View of his moral and political Conduct, and a Sketch of his Life. 2s.

Footsteps of Blood; being a Display of the Cruelties committed by the French Armies, in burning and plundering of Towns, in Murder, Sacrilege, Rape, and other Crimes; with a Frontispiece, representing the Massacre of Prisoners at Jafla. 10d.

A few Words; Resist, or be Ruined. 6d.

The Cannibal's Progress; or, the dreadful Horrors of French Invasion, as displayed by the French Soldiers in Germany; abridged from the Translation of Anthony Aufrere, Esq. 6d.

Plan of a Female Association for preserving Liberty and Property. Id.

A Plan for the safe Removal of Inhabitants from Towns, &c. on the Coasts, in Case of Invasion; with Reflections calculated to hasten Preparations for that Measure. By J. Lettice, D. D. 1s. 6d.

A SOCIETY was instituted in Ireland in the year 1794, entitled "THE ASSOCIATION INCORPORATED FOR DISCOUN

TENANCING VICE, AND PROMOTING THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION." Its chief ob

jects are, The dissemination of the scriptures among the poor*; the better observance of the Lord's Day; the education of youth; the establishment of catechetical examination; and the dissemination of moral and religious

tracts.

A report of the proceedings of this society, annexed to a sermon preached before its members by the Rev. John Jebb, has lately reached us, and given us the first intimation of the existence of such an institution. The sermon we shall take an opportunity of noticing more at large; our attention, at present, will be confined to the report. Since the commencement of the institution in 1794, 13,000 Bibles and 15,300 New Testaments have been disseminated in various parts of Ireland; more than one third of which number has been distributed during the preceding seventeen months, (being sold at reduced prices or given as premiums); a fact which is thought to indicate a growing anxiety among the people to become acquainted with the holy scriptures.

With a view to promote the Observance of the Lord's Day, the society has repeatedly addressed the magistrates, and, it is added, not without effect. And last winter they made application to the archbishop of Dublin, that sermons to enforce this duty should be preached on a particular day throughout the whole of his diocese. His Grace acquiesced in the proposal; the measure was carried into effect; and the association have reason to hope, that it will be annually repeated.

On the subject of the Education of Youth, the society refers to some reports formerly published, from which it appears, that, though ignorance is lamentably prevalent, there exists a strong desire for information; that though there are many impediments to the adoption of any general system of education, these may be surmounted by liberality and perseverance; and that circumstances highly favourable to improvement, appear in situa

The society declared, at a very early period of their institution, a determination "to make effectual provision that no house, no cabin, in the whole kingdom, in which there is a single person who can read, shall be destitute of the holy scriptures ;" an admirable determination, which we shall rejoice to see executed in Ireland, and imitated in England and Scotland.

tions where they might least be expected. The attention of the association has been, therefore, extended to the following most important objects.-1. The establishment of schools in the most uninstructed parts of Ireland.-2. The donation of premiums to country schoolmasters under certain limitations.-3. The establishment of a seminary for schoolmasters and parish clerks; and it is hoped, that a plan for effecting these purposes will soon be digested and matured, which may not prove undeserving of parliamentary patronage and bounty.

The beneficial effect of the Establishment of Catechetical Examinations is stated to have been hitherto fully equal to every hope that could be rationally entertained; and the reports made by the clergy, in various parts of the country, are so satisfactory as to create a sanguine hope that, by the extension of this system, the rising youth of the country will be permanently instituted in the knowledge and practice of the Christian Religiont.

Within the preceding year, 8000 moral and religious tracts have been distributed in various parts of the country by the association.

The report closes with earnestly calling upon the clerical members of the association, to co-operate in the great work of instructing the ignorant, reforming the perverted, and providing for the religious improvement of the rising generation, as they are not only deeply interested in the moral welfare of the community, but awfully responsible to the Father of all for the application of the talents entrusted to their

care.

The perusal of the above report has afforded us very cordial satisfaction, particularly as we were previously uninformed of the existence of any such institution as it announces. We cannot, however, but regret the narrowness of the funds of the society, especially when we consider the vast extent and unspeakable interest of the objects for which they have associated. The whole amount of subscriptions and donations for the year 1802 is

+We observe that the Society has not met with any exposition of the Church catechism, which altogether meets their wishes. We beg leave to recommend to their notice Woodd's "Brief Explanation of the Church Catechism," reviewed by us in our first volume, p. 598.