be completed, fairly transcribed, and elegantly bound in crimson velvet, edged with silver; fitting to be borne before the President on all solemn occasions without' as well as within the College. He also designed the symbols or insignia by which the President of the College should be duly honoured, and distinguished from the rest of the fellows:-the cushion of crimson velvet edged with gold, placed before the President at all solemn meetings, as well of the Censors as of the Fellows at large; on which formerly reposed the book of "Statutes," as does now the book of "The Charter, Bye-laws, and Regulations:"-the staff of silver or caduceus, its head adorned with the arms of the College, supported by four serpents, now borne by the President himself, and to remind him, as Caius tells us, by its material (silver) to govern with patience and courtesy, and by its symbols (the serpents) with judgment and wisdom. There is nothing in our records to show at what period or under what circumstances the handsome gown of black damask, edged and otherwise ornamented with gold lace, worn by the President, was first used. The noble mace of silver gilt "baculum certe regium,” 3 borne by the bedel before the President and placed on the table before him at all the Comitia, was given in 1684 by Dr. John Lawson, a Fellow of the College.

Some forty years had elapsed from the death of Linacre, when, permission having been obtained from queen Elizabeth, dissections began to be performed in the College, and the fellows were called on, under fine for refusal, to give in turn a public demonstration and deliver anatomy lectures. On the 7th February,

We read in the Annals, 1556-7, of the funeral of Dr. Richard Bartlot (Roll, vol. i, p. 23), at which the President and College attended, it being the first time that the Statute Book of the College, adorned with silver, was carried before the President.

1556. Ante hunc Annum, &c., Roll, vol. i, p. 41.

3 1684. "Postridie Palmarum. Baculum certè Regium, propriis impensis fabricatum virgulæ argentea loco coram Præside gestandum Collegio consecravit vir doctissimus, verèque generosus D. Joannes Lawsonus in medicinâ doctor celebris inclytique hujus Collegii socius dignissimus." Annales.

"Elizabetha Regina anno regni septimo Collegio concessit in perpetuum, licentiam accipiendi cadavera pro anatomicis administrationibus: idq sub magno Angliæ sigillo.". Tablets of Benefactors. in the theatre.

1581-2, Dr. Caldwell and lord Lumley having announced their intention to found a surgery lecture in the College, and to endow it with forty pounds a year, the fellows determined to appropriate one hundred pounds out of the common stock (and this was nearly all the money the College possessed), to enlarge the building, and make it more ornamental and better suited for the meetings of their body and the celebration of the lectures.1 If they did not actually rebuild the College, they certainly enlarged and beautified it, caused their armorial bearings to be sculptured on its front, and made it generally more commodious and better adapted to the growing importance and duties of the corporation. Two years later a capacious theatre was added to the now enlarged College, and about this time Dr. Foster was nominated to the Lumleian lectureship.

2

Within a short period from this (in 1587) the College secured a garden for botanical purposes, at a rental of forty marks of English money a year, and engaged the services of John Gerarde, the noted herbalist, as Curator, to keep it stocked with all the rarer plants.*

11581-2, Feb. 7. ".

et uno cum consensu decrevisse, ut e Collegii cistâ centum libræ allocarentur ad ædes Collegii laxius et speciosius ædificandas, quæ nunc nimis arctæ sunt et angustæ, tum ad conventus nostros celebrandos, tum ad Lecturam illam solemnem exercendam." Annales.

1582-3, Jan. 28. "Præterea, quoniam tum ad ædificando Collegio, tum in jure tentando, totum jam nostrum ærarium pene exhaustum est, idcircoad opus tam bonum et publicum sustentandum, conclusum est, ut singuli College, per vim petitionis rogarentur, ut pro se quisque xl.s. mutuo daret Collegio pro unius anni dimidio. Omnes autem illi qui istis Comitiis aderant, id se libentissimè facturos receperunt.' Annales.

1583, Nov. 14. "In his Comitiis Dr. Caldwell reddidit rationem computi sui ; et habitâ exactâ calculatione, perspectum est Drem. Caldwell recepisse ad Collegii usus cxxi li.

expendisse vero in ædificiis Collegii cliii li."

Goodall's MS. Collection of College Affairs.

1583-4, Martii 13. "Decretum est, ut per Thesaurarium theatrum satis capax, una cum conveniente cathedra ad dissectiones publicas perficiendas in Collegio, ex Collegii sumptibus exædificetur. Item ut palus ante fenestram Collegii, ex materiâ aptâ et ad illum usum artificiosè dolatâ ex decenti altitudine per eundem thesaurarium erigatur."

1587, Oct. 6. "Jhoannes Gerarde chirurgus, pollicetur se cura

With a view to the embellishment of the College, and the augmentation of its funds, it was agreed in 1596 that any fellow, or other person of gentle blood not belonging to the College, might, at his own charge, and on the donation of ten pounds, cause his portrait or his armorial bearings to be placed upon the walls.'

But notwithstanding the alterations, and the enlargement of the premises that had been effected at various times, the building was too small for the purposes of the College, and the site admitting of no further augmentation, the fellows, in 1614, removed to another spot.

8

By the contributions of its own members, aided by the liberal gifts of two distinguished personages, the College was enabled to take a suitable house and premises at the end of Paternosterrow, in Amen-corner, from the dean and chapter of St. Paul's. From the sums expended upon it, the house must have been greatly altered or enlarged, and it is known to have been made commodious for all the purposes of the College. The last meeting in the old College (Linacre's house) in Knight Rider-street, was on the 25th June, 1614; the first meeting in the new Colturum Hortum Collegii æquis conditionibus, omni fere herbarum variorum genere refertum tueri." Annales.

1596, April 5. "Statutum est si quis Socius, aut generosus aliquis alius, non ex nostro cætu, sed peregrinus, cupiat vel effigiem suam, vel insignia familiæ suæ, in Collegio nostro ad perpetuam rei memoriam depicta habere; id ei permittetur liberè facere; modo id vel proprio suo sumptu, vel amicorum, perfecerit; Collegio nostro x libras ut benefactor, dederit. At si quis Præsidens Collegii ad triennium extiterit, ei vero licebit suo pro arbitrio, vel imaginem suam, vel sua insignia in Collegio nostro collocare gratis, et absq. ullâ pecuniæ summâ persolutâ." Annales.

'The ground on which the College stood was "in front from east to west, 24 foot of assize, and in depth from north to south 24 foot of assize, and in breadth at the south end 22 foot and 6 inches of assize." Collection of College Affaires, left by Dr. Goodall to the College of Physicians, London, folio MSS., p. 186.

On the tablets in the lecture theatre we read, "Domina Arabella Stewarta et Maria Comitissa Salopiensis, suasu Doctoris Moundefordi liberales sumptus fecerunt 400 li ad coemendus cedes Coll. in Paternoster-row. Dono etiam dederunt Coll. stratum mensale oblongum, et strata fenestralia cum pulvinaribus.

Linacre's house, the original College, in Knight Rider-street, was destroyed in the great fire of 1666, but a substantial house was

VOL. III.

Y

lege, in Amen-corner, was on the 23rd August, 1614. The lease of these premises was renewed from time to time; a botanical garden adjoining was planted, and an anatomical theatre built, which, at a subsequent period (1641), was decorated, by the bequest from Dr. Alexander Rhead,' one of the fellows, of one hundred pounds for that special purpose. The part of the house not actually required for the College was let to one of the fellows upon certain conditions, one of which was that he should maintain the garden handsomely.

Among the early and noteworthy events in this new College was the nomination of Harvey to the Lumleian lectureship. He was elected in August, 1615, and began his lectures in the April following, and is generally supposed to have expounded on this occasion those complete views of the circulation of the blood which have rendered his name immortal. Two years later, and the first Pharmacopoeia Londinensis was issued by the College.

In the calamities and troubles of the civil wars, it was impossible for the College not to be involved; and when Parliament, by an ordinance of the two houses, imposed the heaviest and most unusual taxes, seizing, whenever they had power, upon the revenues of the king's party, it was reduced to the greatest distress. On the city of London alone, besides an imposition of the five and twentieth part of every man's substance, a weekly assessment was levied of ten thousand pounds, of which, the portion allotted to the College was five pounds per Foon after erected on its site. This continued to be known as the "Stone house," No. 5, Knight Rider-street, and remained in the possession of the College until the year 1860, when it was taken under the provisions of an Act of Parliament, to provide "a site for Her Majesty's Court of Probate and other Courts and Offices." A sketch of the house is preserved in the Gold Headed Cane, second edition, 8vo. London, 1828, p. 121. Between the two centre windows of the first floor of the house was a block of stone, on which was carved the arms of the College. This, on the demolition of the house, was secured by Sir James Alderson, the Treasurer of the College. It is now in the niche on the staircase at Pall Mall East. It has been duly emblazoned, and forms a support for the fine bust of George IV, by Chantry.

On the tablets in the theatre is the following: "Alexander Reade, Med. Dr. Collegii hujus socius, Theatro Anatomico adornando 100 libras, novissimâ voluntate contulit, 1641."

week. In consequence of these exactions, the College became much embarrassed, was for a time unable to pay the rent due to St. Paul's, and, to add to its distress, when it seemed to be the intention of many leaders in Parliament to admit of no established religion, the premises were condemned, as part of the property of the church, to be sold by public auction. At this juncture, and with a generosity which does him immortal honour, Dr. Baldwin Hamey, with the view to prevent their falling into the hands of any illiberal proprietor, himself became the purchaser of the house and garden, thus redeeming the property out of his own private purse, at an expense of many hundreds of pounds, and two years afterwards gave it in perpetuity to his colleagues. This he did most opportunely, since the design then entertained by Harvey of building a museum in the College might otherwise have been frustrated. The generous project of Harvey was announced at an extraordinary comitia held 4th July, 1651, in the following modest manner:-"If," said the President, Dr. Prujean, reading from a written paper, "I can procure one that shall build us a library and a repository for simples and rarities, such an one as shall be suitable and honourable to the College, will you assent to have it done, or no, and give me leave, and such others as I shall desire, to be the designers and overlookers of the work, both for conveniency and ornament?" The College, as might be expected, assented at once most wil

2

1 1643, Maii 6. "A meanes to free the Colledge from the weekly assessment of 5 li per septimanam was order'd to be consulted of by Dr. Clerke, Dr. Alston, and Dr. Hamey. Answere was given to the collector of rents for the deane and chapter of St. Pauls, who came to demand the Colledge rent (then sequestred in usum Reipublica) for them, that we durst not deny the Ordinance of Parliament."

In an "Abstract" of writings relating to the College given by Goodall in his MSS. Collection of College affairs, p. 169, I read :28th Sept., 1649. An indenture of bargain and sale inrolled in Chancery 17th October, 1649, between Sr. John Wollaston and others, of the one part, and Dr. Hamey, of the other part; whereby he grants the great messuage called Physicians' College, neare Amen-corner, to Dr. Hamey.

26 Aug., 1651. A lease from Dr. Hamey to Dr. Clark and others of the messuage called Physicians' College, &c.

27 Aug., 1651. A release between the same parties by indenture of the same messuage.