ther point of great importance; that to which he alluded was, attention to the principle of simplicity in the management of the schools. A system, such as this, must be frequently out of order, if the movements were too complicated. While they attended to the one principle they would go on well; but by attempting to introduce refinements and niceties, they would soon fall into disorder, and destroy the efficiency of the schools. It was observed that the number of criminals, educated in the National Schools, had increased of late. Such might be the case, as the number of scholars had been daily increasing. It was not to

Ir may not be generally known to our readers, that on the appointment of Bishop Inglis to the See of Nova Scotia, Bermuda was added to that Diocese. His Lordship has just returned to Halifax, from his primary visitation to the island; and we have much pleasure in stating that the result of his visitation fully confirms, what has been already proved by the success which the Bishop of Barbadoes has experienced, that the only thing requisite to the amelioration of all classes of the inhabitants, was the placing these interesting colonies under Episcopal superintendence. His Lordship consecrated nine churches and ten burial grounds; confirmed nearly 13,000 persons, many of them far advanced in life. He preached seventeen times to the most crowded congregations, composed

indiscriminately of the white population and the negroes. He laid the foundation of ten schools for the black children, and suggested the enlargement of all the churches, for the better accommodation of the negroes; at the same time shewing how the object might be effected so as to obviate all the inconveniences of climate even in the hottest weather. His Lordship was received with the most unbounded kindness, and found the best disposition prevailing amongst the principal inhabitants to attend to his advice, and forward all his measures; and on his departure, deputations from each of the nine parishes waited upon him with addresses, signed by nearly 500 persons, including all the most respectable persons in the colony.

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Extracts from Letters from a Gentleman attached to the Bishop of Jamaica.

Spanish Town, Nov. 27, 1825. It will give you much pleasure to hear that our Sunday School has increased from 26, which was the number when I wrote to you a few packets past, to 176. Many of these have been well instructed. They meet twice every Sunday, and consist of the children of the slaves and of the free

brown people, but such is the prejudice which exists between these two classes that nothing will prevail with them to mix, and they form separate classes. Every new comer receives a small tract, and if he can read well, a Prayer-book or Testament. We likewise intend to distribute prizes which pleases the poor parents greatly, who attend their examinations frequently: much good will undoubtedly result

from this, in fact, the only way these poor adults can receive instruction, viz. through the medium of the children. We propose distributing our prize books published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge in the presence of the city authorities, as is generally done in France: but of this more hereafter, we are but in our infancy. May we have your prayers, and those of all well-disposed persons for our success, and may you form juster opinions of our West Indian friends, to whom we are indebted for every assistance in their power.

Schools are coming into vogue, a plan is in agitation to establish a National School; had this been proposed only two years back, the proposer would have been looked upon by all as stark mad. Our Sunday School consists of 176: many are the children of slaves; some uncommonly well instructed, some that can say their catechism well, and many of them read. A Committee of the House of Assembly is now sitting upon a bill, which the Bishop wished the house to pass, placing all ecclesiastical matter in his hands; this I doubt not will be done; indeed every one seems anxious to forward his views as much as lays in their power.

February 20, 1826.

A bill passed the House of Assembly, to place in the hands of the Bishop all ecclesiastical matters, which by the introduction of certain clauses, has placed the clergy on a much more respectable footing than they ever were before. Till now they have been obliged to solicit from the magistrates certificates of good conduct before they could receive their stipends; now they are to have them from the Bishop. Instances have been known (in the country, not in the town) of respectable men being refused the certificate of having satisfactorily discharged their several duties, because they had declined visiting those by whom it was to be granted, from motives which do credit to any man, more especially a

clergyman; viz. lest they should be compelled to sit at table with improper company, or to join in the intemperance too often indulged in there. Till this bill passed, such was the dependance of the clergy upon the laity, that a clergyman might have to submit to these degradations, for fear he should be deprived of his quarter's stipend. Another clause forbids the clergy from taking fees for the baptism of slaves: 2001, currency a year has been granted in lieu of these fees to every rector. The bill passed by a majority of 20 to 2; such is the popularity of our excellent Bishop.

Kingston, Feb. 20, 1826.

The beginning of next month we leave this for a two months' cruise, on a visit to the rest of the diocese, the Honduras and Bahamas, which I fear, from what I have heard, we shall find in a sad state as to religious and ecclesiastical matters. We distributed books for the first time amongst many of our scholars two Sundays back, and we have now scarcely any who cannot repeat the alphabet perfectly. You must not forget that the school is very lately established, and that it is but a Sundayschool, so that they have only these days on which they can receive instruction, unless they obtain it during their leisure hours in the week from others. I am happy to say that such is their anxiety to obtain it, that there are instances of their paying for it out of their allowance, which is very small. I hope that, eventually, our parish will consent to establish a National School. We adopt the plan in our Sunday School, one monitor to about ten scholars, and find it answer, particularly with the adults, to whom the children make themselves better understood than we can. Whatever progress we make will be through this channel, the children being remarkably apt. The others, who have been neglected, till late in life, are deplorably dull; but the plan we have adopted, nevertheless, promises many happy results.

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LITERARY.-Oriental Literature.— Sir William Ouseley has prepared for the press his "Anecdotes of Eastern Bibliography," a work originally founded on the descriptive catalogue of his own Arabic, Persian, and Turkish manuscripts, which, above twenty years ago, (as appears from the preface to his "Epitome of Persian History,") amounted in number to nearly four hundred volumes. Having enlarged his collection, and extended his plan, Sir William has compiled notices of many hundred other MSS. examined by himself in different public and private European libraries, and during his travels in Persia and Turkey, where he procured several, of which, there is reason to believe, no second copies can be found in Europe. He describes a multiplicity of MSS. not mentioned by the Turkish bibliographer, Hadji Khalfa, nor by the celebrated French Orientalist, D'Herbelôt, nor by the ingenious Professor Stewart, in his Catalogue of Tippoo Sultan's Library. It is Sir William's intention to give the names of authors and places, and the titles of books in their proper characters; and such anecdotes, literary and biographical, as may at once instruct and amuses occasionally interspersing extracts from the most rare and valuable MSS., with notices of such ancient works as may be supposed lost, or only known at present through quotations or references made by Eastern writers.

Baron Donop, Vice-chancellor of the Duchy of Meinungen, one of the most learned antiquaries in Europe, has lately published a work in which he has proved, from coins and other relics found in Germany, that the Phœnicians must have frequently visited, if they had not established permanent colonies in, various parts of the interior of that continent.

Messrs G. and C. Carvill, of New York, have issued a prospectus of an American Annual Register, to be published in every August, in an octavo volume, containing about eight hundred pages. This is, we believe, the

first Trans-atlantic attempt of this kind.

Northern Antiquities.-M. Siöborg, of Stockholm, a member of several learned societies, has published a very interesting quarto volume, with plates, on Swedish and Norwegian antiqui, ties. They are divided into seven distinct classes: 1. Public manuscripts and acts, such as the Eddas, the Sagas, and other ancient poems, general and local laws, political and religious statutes, diplomas, and other writings of importance. 2. Runic and Gothic inscriptions; belonging not only to the times of paganism, but to the first ages which followed the introduction of Christianity into the North. 3. Images and figures used in pagan and Christian worship, amulets and emblems, implements for sorcery and other purposes. 4. Ruins, 5. Moneys and coins. 6. Utensils, arms, jewels, and other objects of luxury. 7. Hills, groves, springs, places consecrated to sacrifices, to buryings, and to courts of justice; fields of battle, and other monuments of public utility. M. Sioborg promised four other volumes on the same subjects.

Dr. Forbes, of Chichester, is, we are informed, preparing a Translation of the improved Edition of Laennec's Treatise on Diseases of the Chest; with Notes and Commentaries by the Translator.

Captain Maitland's Narrative, translated by J. J. Parisot, is announced among the forthcoming Parisian works.

A new Political View of the Life of Napoleon, by Al. Doin, is also announced.

A Memoir of the renowned Dr. Mesmer, and on his discoveries, promises to bring forth some curious

matter.

Dugald Stewart's Moral Philosophy has lately been translated into French, by T. Jouffroy, a Master of the Ecole Normale, and Professor of Philosophy in the College Royal de Bourbon.

Hayti. Since the commencement

of the present year, a sort of Farmer's Journal has been published monthly at Port-au-Prince. There are few countries in the world to which a good knowledge of agriculture would be more advantageous than to St. Domingo.

SCIENCE.-Condensing Wood.- A Mr. Astle has taken out a patent for compressing wood, by means of parallel steel rollers, which forces out the sap or moisture, and renders the planks submitted to the operation, stronger, heavier, and harder for furniture and other useful purposes.

Fossil Remains. In caverns of calcareous strata, near Lunel-Vieil, and not far from Montpellier, M. Marcel de Serres has discovered an immense quantity of fossil bones, which are likely to augment the multitude of theories which sprung up concerning those at Kirkdale. Besides bones of herbivorous and carnivorous animals, he (Mr. Brewster, in his Edinburgh Journal, tells us) "found some not hitherto met with in a fossil state, viz. the bones of the camel. Among the carnivorous animals, he places in the first rank, lions and tigers, much superior in size and strength to the present living species,-animals whose canine teeth are about 16 centimetres in length, and 39 millimetres in breadth. Along with these enormous bones are found others approaching to the species of lions and tigers now existing; with them are mixed bones of hyænas, panthers, wolves, foxes, and bears, (differing but little from the badger), and of dogs. Mixed with these bones of carnivorous animals, are found great quantities of the bones of herbivorous quadrupeds, among which the discoverer met with several species of hippopotamus, wild boars of large size, peccaris, horses, camels, many species of stag, elk-deer, roe-buck, sheep, oxen, and, lastly, several species of rabbits and rats. What renders this circumstance more remarkable is, that the bones of the animals thus buried, (which are sometimes in such quantities, that the caverns of Lunel-Vieil resemble cemeteries), seem to have no connexion with the habits of the animals to which they have belonged. By the side of an entire or broken jaw of a

carnivorous animal, is often found the bones of herbivorous races, and all are so mixed, that it is rare to meet with two entire bones which have belonged to the same animal, or at least to animals of the same genus. These fossil bones are thus disseminated in these caverns without order, and never entire; and as they are found in the middle of alluvial land, which contains a great quantity of rounded pebbles, it may be supposed that they have been transported thither by water."

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Scientific Discovery.-An Italian chemist has discovered that the green colour contains the principle of the magnet, and that this colour suffices to render a steel needle magnetic. produce this effect, he decomposes a ray of light by means of a prism, and exposes a steel needle for some time to the action of the green ray; the needle soon becomes magnetic. This experiment has just been repeated with success at Ghent.

Gigantic Fossil Bones.-The last number of the Boston Journal of Philosophy gives an account of the discovery of some fossil remains, in low praire grounds between Placquemire and the Lakes, which, from their enormous size, would almost render credible the extraordinary stories told by Father Kircher and Pontoppidan, of the Kraken and Norway Sea Snake. If the monster to which these bones belonged (says the journal)were of the Balæna species, its length could not be less than 250 feet.

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SEA AND LAND EXPEDITIONS.— On Thursday, the Russian corvette Enterprize, commanded by Capt. Kot zebue, arrived at Portsmouth, after three years' absence, during which period she has been employed in exploring the coast of North America, adjacent to the Russian Settlements, the Aleutian Archipelago, the coast of Kamtschatka, and the sea of Ochoisk, taking also the range of the South Sea Islands, visiting the Sandwich Island of Owyhee, since the burial of the King and Queen, by Lord Byron. That island was tranquil and advancing in prosperity. The natives expressed themselves much gratified with the attention bestowed on the remains of their late King and Queen. 2g burb

Russia-A Russian, in 1822, published an account of his travels to Turconia and Khiva, undertaken by order of the Government, to find a commercial route to India. Such a project was performed by Peter the Great; and afterwards revived in 1813. In the year 1819, General Yermaloff sent M. Mouravief across the vast steppes, towards Khiva, which he traversed with great sufferings; and although at first seized and imprisoned as a spy by the Khan, he was at length released, succeeded in accomplishing the arduous journey, and returned to Yermaloff, accompanied with agents authorized to make the necessary arrangements for opening the proposed commercial communication. General Yermaloff's plan was to find a port where Russian vessels might deposit their cargoes, and there he intended to build a fortress strong enough to protect them. The success which he has experienced thus far, seems to promise important advantages to the empire. Buckharia and Khiva, having the same climate, will probably yield the same articles of merchandize. M. Mouravief has sent to Moscow a number of interesting quadrupeds, birds and insects, collected during his travels.

OLD COINS.-One of the most curious articles in the twentieth volume of the proceedings of the Society established at Copenhagen for the cultivation of Scandinavian literature, is a paper by Professor Ramus, in which he states that, in 1822, a peasant of the island of Zealand, in ploughing his field, turned up above thirteen hundred pieces of silver, Danish, English and German, all of the tenth and eleventh centuries. Among them are ninety English pieces of the times of Ethelred the Second, Harold Harefoot, and Edward the Confessor. M. Ramus promises a detailed description of all these coins, which are at present in the king's cabinet.

A mason at Boulogne last week, in digging a foundation upon land formerly belonging to the Abbey of St. Wilmer, found a bronze vase, containing 236 golden coins. A great number are nobles of the Paris Mint in 1426, and coined by Henry VI. of England, then also King of France.

The Emperor Nicolas has ordered the gold and silver coinage of the kingdom of Poland to continue to bear the bust of Alexander I., as "Restorer of the Kingdom of Poland in 1815:" on the reverse a crown, with a legend naming the reigning emperor, &c.

THE REVENUE. - The diminution of the revenue, which appears in the returns for this quarter, is comparatively trifling, when we consider the depressed state of commerce ever since the commencement of the year.

The revenue of the quarter ending July 5, 1825, was 12,493,5221. and that for the quarter ending July 5th, 1826, amounted to 12,000,2271. being a decrease on the quarter of 493,2957. a sum considerably less than the amount of taxes whose repeal has come into operation during that period. But if we are to consider merely

that part of the revenue which arises from taxation, we must add to this deficit the sum of 160,000l. which we find as an increase under the head Miscellaneous, and which is caused by the payment of loans from Holland, the East India Company, and other casual resources. The actual deficiency, therefore, is about 650,000l. which cannot be accounted large when we bring into consideration the different state of the country at those two periods.

The total amount of the revenue in the year ending July 5, 1825, was