tomb, with two leaden coffins, each containing the fskeleton of a child about feven or eight years old; but one of them having alfo, 4. A handfome gold chain, like a watch-chain; ornamented with bluish green ftones or compofition, and originally alfo with pearls, which time has nearly deftroyed. 5. Rings, in the fame coffin. All thefe are delineated in plates 6, 7. and 8. The search having been interrupted by the harvest, is refumed in the fecond paper (p. 221). We fhall number the articles in continuation. 6. A Sarcophagus of thick ftone divided into top and bottom, and containing, 7, two large glass urns or vases. The farcophagus, four feet four in length. One of the urns, befides burnt bones, contained a tranfparent mucilaginous liquor which filled it to the brink, and remains to be chemically analyzed. Much of the fame liquor was in the other urn; but there it had partly evaporated, which in the former it had not in the leaft. 8. The remains of a fuperb pair of shoes, and of a drefs. 9. Very near to this farcophagus, and on a level with it, were other articles found, fuch as bottles of red pottery, &c. but more particularly, 10. a decayed wooden box, which had been fecured by copper clamps, and faftened by large, round-headed, copper nails. All thefe objects are carefully delineated in plates 38, 39, and 40; and plate 41 gives the general foundation of the walls by which thefe tombs were furrounded. It is certainly worthy of remark, that the field where these remains were found is called Sole field; (p. 38) Sole ftreet being the name of a street at Crundal in the fame county, where Mr. Hafted also found a Roman funeral urn. There can be no doubt that the present difcovery is a Roman place of burial, but nothing has yet been found to mark the time of the interment, or the family to which it belonged. The two papers, however, are highly interefting. 5th. The fifth article of Roman antiquities (ART. XI. of the volume, p. 61) gives an account of a Roman military way in Effex, and of many Roman antiquities found near it. The author is Mr. Walford, who produced alfo the former paper, on the Topesfield Antiquities. This road, not mentioned by any author but Dr. Salmon, was the direct road from Camulodunum to Camboritum. The road is here traced on plate 11; and, on plate 12, the remains of a Roman villa found near it, Here were alfo found a teffelated pavement, tiles, fragments. of pateræ, and many other articles more than we can enumerate; but particularly a curious British gold coin (fimilar to fig. 55, in Camden Brit. p. 65) a filver coin of Domitian, in fine prefervation, and feveral other Roman coins. Plate 13 reprefents several fragments of tiles, and plate 14 feveral other Roman Roman antiquities difcovered near this road. Among thefe, a large glafs urn is particularly curious. See plate 14, fig. 1 and 2. Nine ftations, in this furvey, are marked and defcribed; but, in the letter-prefs, at p. 73, No. 8 is erroneously printed inftead of No. 9. The paper is important. 6. The fourteenth article of this volume (p. 90) contains the defcription and delineation of feveral Roman antiquities found on Polden Hill, near Bridgewater, by Charles Jofeph Harford, Efq. Plates 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22, represent the objects in question; which, appearing to belong to the lower empire, are not unreafonably conjectured to have been the property of fome British chief in the Roman fervice. 7. The next article, by the fame author (p. 94) defcribes fome fimilar remains, discovered on the Quantock Hills in Somersetshire, and contains fome valuable remarks respecting the torques, and the celts. The following conjecture, we think well worthy of notice, as very highly probable. "If I might be allowed to hazard a conjecture, I fhould fuppofe that the metal celts in our Museums were fabricated by foreign artists, and exported to this country; juft as we have fent to the South-Sea Iflands an imitation in iron of their ftone hatchet, which is now become fo fcarce as to be deemed an object of curiofity, even to the natives of those countries." P. 98. 8. The 16th article, p. 99, relates to fome moulds for cafting Roman coins, found at and near Edington, in Somersetfhire, and is written by the Rev. J. Poole, in a Letter to the author of the two preceding papers. They are underflood to be moulds for cafting fpurious coins, and they represent the coinage of feveral fucceffive Emperors and their wives, namely, Severus, Antoninus, (or Caracallà) Geta, Macrinus, Elagabalus, Alexander Severus, Maximin, and Maximus, &c. It is remarkable, that most of these moulds are in fuch perfect prefervation, as to admit of good cafts being made in them in coloured fulphur; fome of which, with a few of the moulds, were fent to the Society of Antiquaries. See p. 100. 9. The article which concludes our clafs of Roman antiquities, is the thirty-firft of the volume, p. 224, and gives an account of fome Roman urns difcovered in Cornwall, and containing many coins. Notice is alfo taken of a Cromlech, or Cromléh, which we fhall mention under Britifh Antiquities. This article is by the Rev. Malachi Hitchins. (To be concluded in our next.) ART. ART. II. Travels in Africa, performed during the Years 1785, 1786, and 1787, in the Western Countries of that Continent, comprifed between Cape Blanco in Barbary, fituated in 20° 47', and Cape Palmas, in 4° 30' North Latitude. Embellished with a general Map of Africa, corrected according to the most authentic and recent Obfervations; and feveral Plans, Copper-Plates, &c. By Silv, Meinard Xavier Golberry. Tranflated from the French, without Abridgment, by Francis Blagdon, Efq. Twa Volumes. 12mo. 12s. Ridgway. 1802. WE E have waited for fome time, in the expectation that this work would appear in a form more convenient for a library, and indeed more refponfible to the merits of the ori ginal author. The fubject of Africa has of late years occupied much of the public attention, and this writer certainly communicates a great deal of important and interesting information. But the plans, copper-plates, &c. fpecified in the title-page, are very small and trifling, and fuited only for puerile books and libraries. However, as we have no alternative, we must take the matter as we find it, and give an account of what the reader may expect from the publication before us. M. Golberry, the author of this book, was animated with the zeal for making discoveries in Africa, which at the period when the French Revolution was commencing, exercifed the care and thoughts of many scientific Frenchmen. With this impreffion, he folicited permiffion of the Minifter of Marine to go to Africa, and accordingly obtained the appointment of first aid de camp to M. de Bouffler, Governor of Senegal. We have, in thefe volumes, the refult of his observations on Western Africa, in the space between Cape Blanco and Cape Palmas. The author had conferences with individuals of twenty different black nations, and was enabled from his fituation to point out and explain the trade of the French, English, and Portuguese. His obfervations alfo extend to the hillory, politics, fituation, manners, customs, and employment of the natives, as well as the natural history of that part of the continent which he had the opportunity to examine. But we have here only a part of the writer's labours, and may hereafter hope to fee them more extended in fubftance, as well as more convenient in form. The The five firft Chapters treat particularly of Senegal; the next are employed by a defcription of the gum tree, the Zahara, or Great Defert of Barbary, and the dromedaries, whose education is thus curiously represented. "A month after the birth of the dromedary, its rigid education commences: at that period the young animal is feparated from its dam, who is only fuffered to approach it at certain hours; and at this early age it is forcibly accuftomed to abftinence: they only allow it a part of the milk which Nature had deftined for its fupport, and with which the mammillary veffels of the mother are profufely filled; it is only fuffered to drink feldom and fparingly thus, from its earliest infancy it is accustomed to temperance. "In a fhort time afterwards, it is condemned to imprisonment and torture; all its legs are forcibly bent under its belly, and it is placed exactly in the fame fituation as it is forced to adopt when it receives and difcharges its burthen; they cover its body with a carpet, or a piece of a tent, by which only its neck and head are left at liberty; and in order to confine it fo that it can neither move nor ftir, they place a great number of weighty articles on the borders of the covering. The animal paffes four months in this cruel ftate of confinement; but the effect of fuch a rigid difcipline is, that the recumbent pofture becomes habitual to the animal. "After undergoing this punishment for the space of four months, the young animals are put altogether into a park, or inclosure, where they are fed only by children of nine or ten years old, and not oftener than twice a-day: their food is the milk of the dromedary, diluted with water. "It is afferted, that these young animals very foon know the children of the matter to whom they belong, and come around them whenever they appear. On arriving at the park where the young dromedaries are kept, the children hold in one hand the veffel containing the diluted milk, and in the other they have flight fwitch, which they ftrike againft their thighs; on receiving this notice, the young animals lie down, and this practice becomes so habitual to them, that they put themfelves into their ufual pofture at a fingle fignal of the fwitch; in fhort, the obedience with which the dromedary adopts this attitude at the flightest notice from its mafter, and which obedience it retains for the whole of its life, is a circumftance truly admirable. "It is alfo from the tender age of fix or feven months that this animal is taught to fleep with a burthen on its back; the weight of this burthen is increased as the animal advances in age and ftrength; and it is by this means that he is trained; as M. Buffon obferves, " a living carriage, which is often left loaded for feveral days without a moment's intermiffion." "It must be admitted, that this difcipline is indifpenfable; for the natural reach of a man's arm not attaining the top of the projection on the back of the dromedary, it would be uncommonly difficult to place a large and heavy burthen on the animal's back; but this operation becomes extremely eafy, by the cuftom of genuflection, fo peculiar to this creature when he receives or difcharges his burthen. "The "The Moors only keep a fingle unmutilated dromedary for every twelve females; thofe which are defined for war are caftrated; and in confequence of this operation, the animals become more gentle, and may at all times be made ufe of; while the perfect dromedaries are refractory, and fometimes furious, during the rutting feason, when they attack both animals and men. "The Moors make choice of the smalleft and lightest animals for the course and for war: it is therefore very probable that they have two forts or fpecies, one of which is fmaller than the other; they prepare them for the courfe, by making them run with horfes; and this practice caufes a great degree of emulation. "The Moorish horfes, which are very quick in their paces, gain ground confiderably in the beginning of the race; but, after fome hours, the horse becomes exhausted with fatigue, is obliged to flacken his pace, and finally to ftop: the dromedary, on the contrary, pursues his route, and is capable of continuing the race for twenty-four hours; and he can resume this fport for four days fucceffively, in which time he paffes over, inceffantly on a quick trot, the space of two hundred and forty leagues. "On thefe extraordinary occafions, the dromedaries are fed with balls formed of a paste of millet mixed with gum; each animal commonly receives three of thefe balls in the morning, and three in the evening; their weight altogether is not more than two pounds; and this food, which is only employed on the occafions above-mentioned, is fufficient for the temperate animal, during the space of twenty-four hours, and keeps him in full vigour. "The dromedaries of burthen, and those used on journies, have only a fimple halter; but those used for the course and for war, which are neceffarily mounted and guided, have, instead of a bit, a ring or buckle paffed through the skin above the noftrils, where it always remains; to this are fixed the reins, by which the motions of the ani mal are regulated." Vol. i. p. 271. The latter part of the first volume contains a well-written account of Bambouk, the origin and character of the people, their religion, and finally their wealth, arising from their gold mines; upon which, and the profpect they hold out of advantage to France, the author expatiates with all the enthusiasm of his country. The fecond volume commences with remarks on the cameleon, which are very amufing; but not more so than the writer's description of a journey to Goree from Isle St. Louis, from which we shall take an extract. "The fifth day of my journey, being in the environs of the two downs, that we call the Petites Mammelles, and which are perceptible to a confiderable distance at sea, I formed the refolution of turning out of the direct road, to enter the interior of the territory, for the purpose of vifiting a country, which my camel-drivers, and my negro-interpreter, reprefented as a part fingularly famous for its agreeablenefs. This deviation from the direct road could not be more than twelve leagues, and I had to applaud myself for adopting my resolution. "After |