ROUSSEAU. See TRUTH, See STRICTURES on the late Occur-

W. K.'s Addrefs to the Bishops, WYLD's Songs of Masonry, 481

&c.

408

to Inkle,

WOCHU L's Equality of Mankind, YYORICK's Sermons, Vol34

and 4,

22

207

WORD to the Pro's and Con's, 482, Z fixion,
OUCH's Poem on the Cruci-

WYCHERLY'S Plain Dealer alter'd,

77

82

CONTENTS of the FOREIGN ARTICLES,

in the APPENDIX to this Volume.

THE

MONTHLY REVIEW,

For JANUARY, 1766

The Memoirs of Lieut. Henry Timberlake, (who accompanied the Three Cherokee Indians to England in the Year 1762) containing whatever he obferved remarkable, or worthy of public Notice, during his Travels to and from that Nation; wherein the Country, Government, Genius, and Customs of the Inhabitants, are authentically defcribed. Alfo the principal Occurrences during their Refi dence in London. Illuftrated with an accurate Map of their Overbill Settlement, and a curious Secret Journal, taken by the Indians out of the Pocket of a Frenchman they had killed. 8vo. 3 s. fewed. Ridley, &c.

HATEVER

WHA

may ferve to give us authentic information relating to the fituation, connections and dependencies of our settlements in thofe remote parts of the globe where our arms or our induftry have extended our dominions, cannot, in the eye of the public, be deemed unimportant, or unworthy of their attention. In this light, even the memoirs of a fubaltern officer in an American regiment, will be received, as no incon fiderable addition to the national ftock of political intelligence. We all know, both from remote and late experience, how much the profperity of our colonies depends upon the due cultivation of a good understanding with their neighbours; and, particularly, with regard to our North-American provinces, how intimately their peace and welfare is connected with a right knowlege of, and proper behaviour towards, the Indian nations who border on their back-fettlements.

Among the various tribes of thofe dufky natives of America, with whom our provincial brethren are ever engaged in a deftructive war, or a moft advantageous trade, the Cherokees are not the least confiderable. With this nation Mr. Timberlake had an opportunity of becoming perfonally acquainted, not only from his having refided fome time among them, but from VOL. XXXIV.

B

his

་

his intimacy with their chief, Oftenaco, whon, ein Author ana companied in his late voyage to England, and ith whom he

continued during the ftay which that venerable hem and his two attendants made in this metropolis.

of the weat

Mr. Timberlake was dispatched, in the w 1761, (by Col. Stephon, who commanded 1h fres then marching to invade the country of the Cres; to p a friendly yifit tothole Indians, in the heart of town cintry; agreeable to the defire of the natives themielves, who by a timely, fubmiflion, had prevented the Colonel from continuing his-march.

After a very trouble fome voyage up the Cherokee rivers, Mr. Timberlake arrived at one of their towns; where he and his fmall retinue, confifting only of an interpreter and two other perfons, met with a kind reception from the Savages, as fome of our European writers, particularly the French, affect to call them. His ftay among them was but about three months; but, in that time, he feems to have vifited all the principal towns, and most part of the country, belonging to this nation: his account of which amounts to what follows:

The country which lies on the back of Carolina, is fituated between 32 and 34 deg. N. Lat. and 87 deg. 30 min. W. Lon. from London. It is temperate, he fays, inclining to heat in the fummer; and fo remarkably fertile, that the women do all that is requifite in their agriculture; the foil requiring only a little ftirring with an hoe, to produce plenty of peafe, beans, potatoes, cabbages, Indian-corn, pumpions, melons, and tobacco; befides moft vegetables brought from Europe, which flourish as much as in their native climate, or more.-The meadows produce excellent grafs; being watered by many fine rivers and brooks, well ftored with fish, otters, and beavers, The woods, which are immenfe in North America, abound with all kinds of timber; befides choice fruits and flowers. They likewife fwarm with buffaloes, bears, deer, panthers, wolves, foxes, racoons, and opoffums. There is alfo great plenty of rabbits, fquirrels, and other animals; with turkies, ducks, partridges, pheafants, and an infinity of other birds, which are nfually caught by the children. The rattle fnake, our Author fays, is frequently eaten; and he commends it as a very good difh. Here are alfo ftore of horfes and hogs; with other of our animals ; and the mountains are faid to contain rich mines of gold, filver, lead and co per; and precious ftones, of the greatest value. The latter are mentioned by Mr.T. with fome circumftances which he himself treats as bordering too near the wonderful.

The Cherokees themfelves, are thus defcribed: They are fays Mr. T. of a middle ftature, of an olive colour, though generally painted, and their skins flained with gun-powder, pricked

into it in very pretty figures. The hair of their head is fhaved, though many of the old people have it plucked out by the roots, except a patch on the hinder part of the head, about twice the bignefs of a crown-piece, which is ornamented with beads, feathers, wampum, ftained deers hair, and fuch like baubles. The ears are flit and stretched to an enormous fize, putting the person who undergoes the operation to incredible pain, being unable to lie on either fide for near forty days. To remedy this, they generally flit but one at a time; fo foon as the patient can bear it, they are wound round with wire to expand them, and are adorned with filver pendants and rings, which they likewife wear at the nose.'

They that can afford it, we are told, wear a collar of wampum, i. e. black and white beads cut out of fea-fhells*; a filver breaft-plate, and bracelets on their arms and wrifts of the fame metal, a bit of cloth over their private parts, a shirt of the English make, a fort of cloth-boots, and mockafons, which are fhoes of a make peculiar to the Americans, ornamented with porcupine-quills; a large mantle or match-coat thrown over all compleats their drefs at home; but when they go to war they leave their trinkets behind, and the mere neceffaries ferve them.

The women wear the hair of their head, which is so long that it generally reaches to the middle of their legs, and fometimes to the ground, club'd, and ornamented with ribbons of various colours; but, except their eyebrows, pluck it from all the other parts of the body, especially the loofer part of the fex. The reft of their dress is now become very much like the European; and, indeed, that of the men is greatly altered. The old people still remember and praise the ancient days, before they were acquainted with the whites, when they had but little drefs, except a bit of skin about their middles, mockafons, a mantle of buffalo fkin for the winter, and a lighter one of feathers for the fummer. The women, particularly the half-breed, are remarkably well featured; and both men and women are freight and well-built, with fmall hands and feet.

The warlike arms used by the Cherokees are guns, bowa and arrows, darts, fcalping-knives, and tommahawkes, which are hatchets; the hammer-part of which being made hollow, and a small hole running from thence along the fhank, terminated by a small brafs tube for the mouth, makes a compleat pipe. There are various ways of making thefe, according to the country or fancy of the purchafer, being all made by the Europeans; fome have a long fpear at top, and fome different conveniencies on each fide. This is one of their most useful

These are, with the Indians, equal in value to gold and filver with us. See a more particular account of them, p. 17. of this month's

Review.

1