Homing of bees, 131
Homœopathic influence defined, 36
Honey-pot ant, 215
House-martin, nest-building of, 112
HUDSON, Mr. W. H., on fear in
birds, 49, 50, 110; on animal
gladness, 317
Hunting play, 254
HUXLEY, T. H., on reflex action in
frog, 300; on consciousness as
epiphenomenon, 306 ff.; on con-
sciousness as product of nervous
changes, 330
HYDE, Mr., on king crab, 298
Hydractinia, colonial polype, 206
Ideals, distinguish ethics, 278
Ideational stage of mental develop-
ment, 59
Imitation, 179 ff.; three stages of
in child, 192
Impulse in intelligent behaviour,
60; Prof. Thorndike's use of the
term, 186; connection of with
conative process, 235
Independence of automatic and
controlling centres, 43
Infant, congenital responses in, 54
Influence of intelligence on in-
stinct, 168
Inheritance of acquisitiveness, 40
Innate capacity, 176; likes and
dislikes, 119
Insects, instinctive behaviour in,
71; intelligent behaviour in, 123
Instinct, broader and narrower view
of, 99; primary and secondary,
107, 109; influence of, intelligence
on, 168; priority of, to intelli-
gence, 173; disintegration of, 175
Instinctive behaviour defined, 63;
in insects, 71; in birds, 84; con-
scious aspect of, 98
Integration and differentiation of
nerve centres, 167
Intelligence lapsed, 107; influence
of, on instinct, 168; of ants, Lord
Avebury on, 218; biological im-
portance of, 310
Intelligent behaviour, 117; evolu-
tion of, 155
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Language, nature of, 195
LANKESTER, Prof. E. Ray, on small-
brained mammal, 168
Lapwing, instinctive behaviour of,
113
Law of battle, 313
Leech, observation on, 159
Leucopsis, instincts of, 79
LEWES, G. H., on lapsed intelli-
gence, 107
Limpets, observations on, 155
LINDLEY, Dr., on children, 141
Locality, studies by wasps, 128
LOCKE, John, limitations of animals,
166
M
MACKENZIE, Prof. J. S., on ethics,
278; on conscience, 281; on
ambiguity of word" pleasure," 285
Make-believe, 280
Mammals, early small-brained, 168
Manipulation (Stout), 251
MARCHAL, Prof., on instincts of
Cerceris, 74
MARSHALL, Mr. H. R., on instinct,
66
Martin, nest-building of, 112
MARTINEAU, James, on pleasure
and pain, 284
MAUPAS, M., observations on, in-
fusoria, 4
MAYER, Dr. A. G., on mating,
instinct of moths, 83
McCook, Dr., on ants, 214
Meaning, Dr. Stout's use of term,
46, 243, 268
MEDLICOTT, Mr. H. B., on behaviour
of wild pigs. 196
Megapodes, instinctive flight of,
87
Meloë, instincts of, 81
Mental development, stages of, 48,
MERCIER, Dr. Charles, on criteria of
intelligence, 120
Metaphysical explanations, 19;
aspect of instinct, 64; of impulse,
237; of purpose, 294; of will, 307;
of life, 325
MILLS, Prof. Wesley, on social
influence on puppy, 220
Miltogramma, parasitic fly, 134
Mimicry, Batesian and Müllerian,
164; intelligent aspect of, 311
Modifiability, 171
Modification, defined, 36; relation
of, to hereditary characters,
MÖLLER, Herr, on fungus garden of
ants, 216
Monistic hypothesis, 309, 315
Monkey, capuchin, imitation in,
Monodontomerus, instincts of, 79
Moor-hen, diving of, 89
Moths mating, instinct of, 83
Motive in rational conduct, 60
Movement plays, 251
MÜLLER, Prof. Max, on barrier
between brute and man, 204
Müllerian mimicry, 164, 165
Mystery of life, 18
Natural selection, shielding of
chicks from, 111; under uniform
and variable circumstances, 175;
in playtime of life, 319
Nervous arc, 33; system of higher
animals, 297
Nest-building, observations on, 135
NOIRÉ on concept, 166
Norwegian ponies, 109
Nucleus division, 12
Object and subject, 245, 276
Octopus, intelligence of, 157
Ecophylla, behaviour of, 210
Orchids, fertilization of, 29
Organic basis of differentiation of
consciousness, 53
Organic behaviour in development,
15
Organic selection, 37 (note), 115
Overproduction of movements, 163
Oxalis, sensitive, behaviour of, 27
Oxybelus, mode of carrying prey, 76
PALEY, definition of instinct, 64
Paramecium, behaviour of, 3, 296
Partridge, note of young, 93
PECKHAM, Dr. G. W., on instinct,
65; on solitary wasps, 72 ff.,
126 ff.
Pecking instinct of chicks, 93
Peewit, note of young, 93
Pelopæus, instincts of, 72
Perceptual stage of mental develop-
ment, 59
Personality, 245, 257
Pheasants, note of young, 92; in-
herited co-ordination in, 95;
plumage of Argus, 262
Philanthus, prey of, 73; mode of
stinging prey, 74
Physiological aspect of animal
behaviour, 295
Pigeons, nests of, 136
Pigs, wild, behaviour of, 196
Plants, behaviour of, 24
process distinguished
from intelligent, 59, 138
Reflex action, 31, 35, 298 ff.; rela-
tion of instinct to, 70
Relationships, importance of, 202
Re-presentative elements distin-
guished from presentative, 46
Rhynchites, instinct of, 121
ROMANES, G. J., on "discrimina-
tion" and 66
perception in
plants, 32; on instincts of soli-
tary wasps, 73; definition of
instinct, 99; on primary and
secondary instincts, 107, 109; on
ants, 126; on general ideas, 166;
on animal communication, 201;
on cruelty in cat, 277
ROMANES, Miss, observations on
capuchin monkey, 188, 278
Roots of spinal nerves, 299
ROTHNEY, Mr. G. A. G., on Indian
ants, 212
SCHNEIDER on octopus, 157
SCOTT, Dr. D. H., on fern fertiliza-
tion, 25
Scratching in duckling, 96
Sea anemone, diffused
system of, 32
Secondary instincts
107, 109
Segmental nature of central ner-
vous system, 299
Selection, functional, 163; natural,
shielding of chicks from, 111;
under uniform and variable cir-
cumstances, 175; in playtime of
life, 319; sexual, 261 ff., 313
Self, as ideal construction, 239
Sentience, 62; origin of, 330
Sexual selection, 261 ff., 313
SHARP, Dr. D., on birch-weevil,
121; on Ecophylla, 210
SHELLARD, Mr. E. J., observations
on staghound, 144
SHERRINGTON, Prof., on emotion,
292; on spinal animal, 298 ff.
Shock effects of physiological, 302
SIMCOX, Miss Edith, quoted, 320
Sitaris, instincts of, 82
Slave ants, 215
Snails, observations on, 157
Social behaviour, 179; evolution
Valisneria, fertilization of, 28
Variation defined, 36; origin of,
Venus's fly-trap, behaviour of, 26
Vigour, play due to surplus, 248
Volition as conative, 238
WALLACE, Dr. A. R., on sexual
selection, 264
WALLASCHEK, Mr., on play as sur-
plus vigour, 248
Wapiti, antlers of, 16
WASMANN, Dr., on insects asso-
ciated with ants, 213
Wasps, solitary, instincts of, 72 ff.;
intelligence of, 126 ff.
WEIR, Mr. Jenner, on canaries,
135
WEISMANN, Prof., on origin of in-
stinct, 108
WHITMAN, Prof., on Clepsine, 159
WHITMEE, Rev. S. J., on tooth-
billed pigeon, 221
Will, metaphysics of, 307
WILLISTON, Dr. S. W., observation
on Ammophila, 127
WOOD, Mr. Foster, on hen-swim-
ming, 86
WORCESTER, Dr., on megapode, 87
WUNDT, Prof., on instinct, 65, 99,
106
Youth, plasticity of, 167
Yucca moth, instincts of, 82
PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES
This important book, by an author whose knowledge of his subject would at once be recognised were his name upon the title-page, will, it is hoped, take rank as a standard work of reference on Turkey and the Eastern Question. After an amusing introduction, the book opens with an historical sketch on South-Eastern Europe before and after the Turkish conquest. Then follows an account of the Turks themselves, their origin and nomadic character, their language, their political and social organization. Considerable space is devoted to Mohammedanism, the most important influence to which the Turk is subjected, and to the position of the Orthodox Church. The work then proceeds to work out the details of Turkish rule in chapters on the Greeks, the Bulgarians and Serbs, the Albanians and Vlachs, and finally the Armenians, who, though geographically Asiatic, have been so closely identified of late with events in Constantinople that their inclusion hardly needs an apology.
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