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ing the comma fault and the period fault. These are not laid down with the claim that they cannot be violated without incorrectness; but violation or lax observance of them by inexperienced writers means incessant blundering, and a slovenliness of style which is abominable in the present, and which can lead to no good in the future; strict observance of them is wholesome discipline conducive to the growth of a firm, clean-cut style.

In the latter part of Professors Scott and Denney's Paragraph Writing, the authors make admirable use of some illustrative diagrams resembling ladders lying in a horizontal position. These figures suggested to me the strategic design of assaulting the paragraph by escalade, a design which I have tried to execute in Sections 538-583. Professor William Dwight Whitney's Essentials of English Grammar, that most admirable classic, and Professor J. M. D. Meiklejohn's ample store of data on English grammar, have helped me greatly in some parts of my work. I am very much obliged, also, to my colleagues who have given me advice and assistance.

MADISON, WISCONSIN,

October, 1909.

E. C. W.

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EXTENDED QUOTATIONS of prose - set apart from context 38

TABULATED LISTS

Indention (hanging) 39

ALTERATIONS IN MANUSCRIPT

Insertion

Set apart from context 40

Insertions of a few words made with the caret 41

Misuse of parentheses and brackets 41

Inversion of the caret 42 Misuse of the asterisk 43
Insertions run over to following line 44

Insertions of several lines 45

Misuse of parentheses and brackets 46

Erasure 46
Transposition 47
New paragraph 48

Paragraph sign wrong side before 49 Canceling paragraph divisions 50

THE FINISHED MANUSCRIPT

Pages in order 51 a Manuscript not rolled 51b Corners square 51c

SPELLING

Manu

script

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COMPOUND AND DERIVATIVE WORDS

Compound GENERAL RULE as to hyphened and solid words 102

and

derivative words

CLASSES OF WORDS TO BE HYPHENED

Nouns

The prefix ex 103

The prefix vice 104

Adjectives

Rope-like, cup-like, etc. 107
Childlike, ladylike, etc. 108
Coal-black etc. 109

Bright-eyed etc. 110

Eagle-eyed etc. 111

Far-reaching etc. 112

Closely resembling etc. 113

Passer-by etc. 105
Half-hour etc. 106

Well-dressed etc., attributive 114
Well dressed etc., not attributive

115

Worn-out etc., attributive 116 Three-inch, eight-oar, etc., attributive 117

Participle preceded by agent 118

Noun, adjective, participle, or gerund preceded by object 119

Noun or adjective of more than two components 120

Adverbs

Banjo-fashion etc. 121

To-day etc. 122

Good-by 123

Singly construed phrases 124

CLASSES OF WORDS TO BE WRITTEN SOLID

Nouns childhood, grandfather, etc. 125

Pronouns-myself, whoever, somebody, etc. 126; 669, 670, 678
Adjectives upright, extraordinary, etc. 127

Verbs overcome, withstand, etc. 128

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Particles together, instead, nevertheless, etc. 129, 671, 672
INCORRECT COMPOUNDING

General rule 130

Sundry expressions not to be compounded each other, in order, some day, etc. 131, 674

Everybody and every one, etc. 132, 673

Awhile and a while 133, 666

Sometime and some time 134, 667

Anyway and any way 135, 668

NUMERALS

Twenty-one etc. 136

Ordinal numbers 138

One hundred, two hundred and six, etc. 137 Fractions 139

ABBREVIATIONS

Abbrevia- Objectionable in general 140, 676

tions

Grocers' bills etc. 141

Permissible abbreviations (these proper only in certain contexts) 142
Detailed explanation of the meaning and proper use of-

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Meaning and use of P.S. and N.B. 144

Meaning and use of cf., ff., et seq., 8q., 8qq., ibid., id., vol., chap.,

P., pp., l., ll. 145

Abbreviation of titles

Objectionable in general 146

Permissible exceptions (these proper only with names) 147
Proper use of Esq. 148

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