it pass; and so all that looked like contest ceased, and they continued very sociable till we went on shore, and when we were landed, they invited us to drink a glass of wine with them, but that we excused, and parting with them in friendship, went forward to Edinburgh.

coined, not in the image of God, but of the adversary; from wallowing in all manner of vice and immorality, to pretend to teach those who have far more understanding in religion than themselves. Nevertheless so it is. Being reproved at that time in the Word of Life, they were a little more sober for a while; but We rested at Edinburgh the remaining part growing rude again, a soldier who had been of that day, and on the next we had a peace in the meeting most of the time, reprehended able, tender, and comfortable meeting with them sharply, saying, that if any thing was Friends; on the sixth and seventh of the week said they did not like, they might let it alone; we visited Friends at their houses; and on the but if it was right why did they not receive first-day following, were at their fore and after it. And so stupid were they that they had noon meetings; and though some rudeness nothing to say in answer to the soldier; neither appeared in a few of the baser sort of the to us did they make any objection. Towards people, yet the Lord's power was over all in the conclusion of the meeting, my companion us, and many of the better sort were very expressed some edifying matter, in great husober and attentive. We met with no rudeness in the streets, save from one man, who, falling in with me and my companion, looked furiously on us as we passed by, having a great broad-sword with a basket hilt, and said, "Awa, the Quakers should all be shot." Upon which I turned quickly upon him, and looking him steadily in the face, asked him, "Why so? What hurt have the Quakers done to deserve destruction?" To which he made no reply, but sheered off as one condemned in his own conscience.

On the 7th we went to Linlithgow, and next morning the Lord favoured us with his heart-tendering presence, with a few of his gathered people there.

On the 10th day of the seventh month we had a meeting at Garthshore; where the power of darkness was very strong, through one Andrew Gray, who had been wise and great in his own conceit; and like Diotrephes, had ruled by his own authority, which he had assumed over the sincere and honest minded; and though he was become an apostate from the life of truth, yet came to meetings, where he ever brought a cloud with him; for his dark spirit was that cloud, and Friends could have no unity with him: yet the truth was over all, and as he could do us no hurt, the meeting concluded well.

mility and tenderness, that was acceptable to the sensible part, which was the second time he had appeared that way. After all the rude endeavours to disturb us, the meeting ended in divine peace, and in a sense of the love and goodness of the Lord; which is a present, as well as future reward, far exceeding all that can be suffered for it in this short life and momentary world.

On the 12th, being the sixth of the week, we went to Askeen, to our friend William Simson's, where we had a very hard meeting, and the next morning back to Glasgow, where we staid till the first-day, and then had two very hard and dry meetings. Those who came to the meetings were outwardly civil, yet so strong was the power of darkness, and so great the enmity against the life of truth, and so little the faith in that Presbyterian people, that we were that night greatly laden in our spirits, and rested but little.

Next morning we went to Hamilton, and in the evening had a meeting there, which was very poor and low, for things were then in a declining condition at that place; from whence we set forward on the 16th, for Cumberland, where we arrived on the 18th following, in good health through the mercy and goodness of the Lord.

In this journey through Scotland we were presented, in several places, with further instances of the irreligion and cruelty of the Presbyterians of that nation, which demonstrated them to be of the same persecuting spirit of their brethren in *New England;

The next day we had a meeting at Glasgow; where came a great many collegians, with a mob of other people. They were very rude, both in words and actions, as generally that sort every where are. It is a lamentable thing to consider, that people of the age of discre tion, and professing the name of the true God, *Between the years of 1656 and 1661, a vioand of Jesus Christ the Son of God, the Mes- lent and merciless persecution was exercised by siah and Saviour of the world, should be so the Presbyterian government in New England; blind concerning that religion, as to think, if several laws and declarations being published, they think about it at all, that such brutish crea-kers being allowed to land or live within that Cowith severe penalties annexed, against any Quatures as those collegians are, can be ministers lony. In consequence of which, the rage of blind of Christ in that condition; being commonly zeal and furious bigotry rose as high as in the promoted out of that mint wherein they are worst and darkest times; so that a great number

and that they only wanted power to practice principles of Friends with John Hay, another the like, or greater destruction on Friends and of the elders of the kirk, who inveighed veothers, differing from their imaginations in hemently against Friends, as if holding dammatters of religion. A few of which being nable erroneous doctrines; and having one of inserted here, may confirm this observation, Robert Barclay's catechisms, requested the said John Hay to read it, where he might find and are as follow: the principles of Friends illustrated with proofs

1. The General Assembly of the Kirk of from Scripture: whereupon the said John Scotland, published the following act:

"Edinburgh, December 24th, Post Meridian. "The General Assembly of this national church, for the preventing of the growth of those abominable heresies of the Quakers, do recommend to all provincial synods, Presbyteries, ministers, and kirk-sessions, to use all proper means for reclaiming them; and in case of their obstinacy, to proceed against them with the censures of the church; and especially against the ringleaders, that are traffickers for the seducing of others."

2. John Gillespie, one of the elders of the Presbyterian church at Glasgow, going to the house of George Swan, a Friend, who was an inn-keeper in that city, exhorted and commanded his wife, she being a Presbyterian, that if any of the Quakers should come to their house, she should beat them, and her husband too, if he should encourage them. And in this she proved obedient; for, in my presence, she dragged a Friend of the town, who came to see us, off his seat by the hair of his head upon the floor, and trampled him under her feet, though he had given her no other provocation than by coming into the room where we were, to see us, being strangers among them.

3. The same woman having asked John Pickiethlie, another of their elders, whether she might go to the burial of a child of one of our friends; or if it was lawful for her so to do? He replied, "They ought not to be buried, but burnt in the place where they

die."

4. The said George Swan, debating some

Hay answered, "I had rather look the devil in the face, than look upon your books."

5. In further pursuance of the aforesaid Act of Assembly, some of the said ministers of Glasgow, in their pulpits, called us heretics, blasphemers, deluders, possessed with the devil, &c., saying we ought not to be admitted to live among the inhabitants there; charging them not to converse, nor have any dealings, with us; telling them, that we were as dangerous to come near as those who have the plague. And one of them declared in his sermon to the people, that he had rather converse with the devil than with the Quakers,

6. They have read several papers in the places of their worship, charging the people not to converse with the Quakers, nor let them any houses, nor have any dealings with them; and not to come near their meetings, so as to join in any thing with them, upon pain of excommunication from their communion-table.

7. Many, both of the magistrates and com. monalty, pursuant to those instructions and directions of their teachers, were in a rage whenever they saw Friends; and the people often threw dirt and stones at them in the streets; frequently crying out, "Stone those Quakers to death, for the ministers have excommunicated them :" and this sometimes in the sight of the magistrates, without any reproof from them; whereby those cruelties were encouraged and established.

8. Some Friends having had occasion to rent houses or rooms in the city or suburbs, the same were violently taken from them by the magistrates, saying, "There shall no Quakers be here;" threatening also to turn

such of them out of their houses as had been inhabitants there before this persecution began.

of innocent and peaceful persons were cruelly im- 9. And generally, when any Friends from prisoned, and barbarously used, without any regard other parts visited those in Scotland, the peoeither to sex or age. Many were starved in jails, ple were extremely rude and turbulent, abus and inhumanly beaten and whipped with knotted cords and pitched ropes; others suffered by grieving them as they lately did two from England, ous fines, confiscations, and loss of ears; and three by casting stones and dirt upon them; as persons, viz: William Robinson, Marmaduke Ste-likewise, since that, three more from the same venson, and Mary Dyer, were executed on the nation, who were going with some Friends to gallows in 1659, and William Leddra in 1661: their meeting at Glasgow, whom a great comnone of whom appeared guilty of any fault, but the exercise of their religious duties. Where this pany of insolent Presbyterian people followed, hot persecution would have ended is unknown, casting stones and dirt at them all the way; had not King Charles II. interposed his royal and afterwards broke the windows of the authority, and put an end to it by his letter, dated meeting-house, throwing great stones with so at Whitehall, the 9th of September, 1661. much fury, as if they would have beat it down,

10 Sometimes they have stoned and bedirted our friends in the very time of their prayers to Almighty God; and women have been violently thrown down stone stairs, with their heads foremost.

joined, viz: "All which we humbly offer to the consideration of the king, and entreat such speedy redress therein, as the Lord, by his peaceable wisdom may open in thy mind: and that the God of peace, the Lord and giver of 11. At other times Friends have been | life, may direct thee to that course, which may dragged down stairs out of their meetings, be most to his honour, conducive to thy own and their blood shed by the rabble; and often everlasting peace, the present and future help they have been thrown down in the streets, and safety of a few of the oppressed people and their mouths filled with dirt: and when of God, loyal and dutiful subjects of the king, they went into houses for shelter, the houses and the most honourable to those our persewere beset and in danger till they were turn-cutors; who thus dishonour the Almighty, ed out, and then they were sorely beaten, and | the king, magistracy, and themselves, by otherwise affronted, scoffed and abused by the their unchristian doings." insolent rabble.

But though the said address was drawn up 12. At other times, when our friends have and designed for the king's view, I do not rebeen in their own houses, they have thrown member that it was delivered to him; but stones in at their windows, to the hazard of rather think it was postponed, in hopes that their limbs, eyes, and lives : and their elders | the Lord, in his mercy and time, might con. have gone about among the victuallers and ale-houses, forbidding them to sell the Quakers either victuals or drink; intending, as far as in them lay, to starve Friends to death.

vince them of their errors, and reform them; which was all our friends desired, not revenge.

Having finished what relates to this journey in Scotland, I return to Cumberland; where, Many of these cruel and unreasonable prac- having visited most of the meetings in the tices being committed by the people in the space of about two months, we set forward view of the magistrates, they did not suppress, from thence on the 7th of the tenth month; but encouraged such doings, by smiling upon and that evening went to Jacob Moor's, at the actors. So that Friends could look upon | Welgill, in Alston-Moor; a wild, mountainthe rabble in no other light than as the hands ous country, and in a time of hard frost and of those magistrates, whereby they persecuted deep snow. them, and as far as they were permitted, ac- On the 8th we were favoured of the Lord complished their own depraved and cruel wills with a very open and comfortable meeting, upon them and their poor children, contrary the Lord's tendering presence being with us; to the true and good end of the institution of and after the meeting we went about three magistracy, as a terror to evil-doers, and not | miles further, to West-Allandale; where, in to abuse, but protect the innocent.

The conduct of such magistrates was, both in what they acted and were passive, contrary to the commands of God, and to the injunctions and doctrine of the Lord Jesus, and the morality of his gospel; which teacheth us to do unto all men as we would have them do unto us.

the evening, came to us several Friends, and among others, our ancient and honourable friend Cuthbert Featherstone. As we were conversing together in that friendship which the Lord begets in those who are his, he drew our minds under the canopy of divine silence; in which, remaining for a time, we had a heavenly visitation of his soul-melting goodness It was also contrary to the king's mind and together. Observing the tears to trickle down edicts, and destructive of the just liberty of from the eyes of our ancient Friend, through his subjects; so that both priests, magistrates, his long white beard upon his clothes, I was and people, exalted themselves in the destroy-greatly affected with love towards him from ing power of antichrist; holding up his king. dom and laws above the laws of God and the king, and of civil society and a Christian life.

All which doings and omissions gave Friends cause to believe and fear, that what they were informed of by some among them more humane and Christian than these, was true, that there was a combination of the priests and magistrates in Glasgow, totally to extirpate our friends out of the city.

A collection of the said contrivances and practices being made, with intent to lay it be fore the king, the following address was sub

the same cause; and had this hope and confidence upon that occasion, that as I then observed the Lord was as near his children in old age, who had served him faithfully from the time of their visitation, as when he first revealed himself, through his Son the Lord Jesus, in their hearts, so he would be with me also in advanced years, if I proved faithful and true to the Lord, and attained that degree.

This encouragement, in the beginning of our journey, by that tender season in the presence of the Lord, is not to be forgotten, but had in lasting remembrance, to the praise of the Lord our God, the giver of every good

and perfect gift, and the life and length of the man believeth unto righteousness, and with days of his redeemed and saved people.

the mouth confession is made unto salvation." On the 9th we went to East-Allandale; And again, time was when the people and where we had a threshing meeting, and got elect of God were intermixed, in outward some corn, which made amends for our hard situation, with the inhabitants of Mystery labour. Next day we went to Steele, where Babylon, the antichristian church, throughout we met with our friend Archibald Gillespie, the world, professing the name of the true who had been my school-fellow when we were God, and Jesus Christ, the Son of God and boys, and had embraced the Presbyterian no- Saviour of the world. But at length the voice tions in the time of his youth; but being of the angel of God was heard, saying, visited of the Lord, had obeyed from the "Come out of her, my people, that ye be not heart, and become a sincere and valuable partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not Friend, adorning his profession by an inno- of her plagues.'

cent and upright life and conversation. He Upon the pouring out of the phial by the went with us about thirteen miles, to Benfield-seventh angel, "the great city was divided side, where we lodged at Thomas Hunter's; and the next evening we had a meeting at Iviston, which was but dull and cloudy: but we had learned, in some measure, not only to abound, but also how to be content and subject under a lesser degree; and to do the harder as well as the more easy part of the service of the Lord, our good and righteous Master. On the 12th we went to Newcastle upon Tyne, and being the seventh-day of the week, we were at the meeting there the next day, and the Lord was with us; and also on the second-day, at their monthly meeting.

into three parts, and the cities of thre nations fell," &c. To which the beginning of the reformation, commonly so called, by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and others their cotem. poraries, may be reasonably compared; since the supposed Christian world was thereupon, and soon after, divided in three general parts or heads, viz: Popery, Prelacy, and Presbytery; differing in their several notions and communions each from the other, but all of one persecuting spirit, not only hating and destroying one another, being out of the peaceable Spirit of Christ, but also persecuting all besides who dissent from them, wherever they have had power; and their respective successors, in the same spirit and notions, continue to do the same things, con trary both to the nature and end of the Christian faith and religion, which proclaims peace on earth, and good-will towards all men.

Sir Thomas Liddel of Ravensworth-castle, baronet, having taken notice of me, on some account, at his house before I frequented the meetings of Friends, and hearing of my present profession, and being a person of great civility and candour, he had desired a Friend of Newcastle to invite me to Ravensworth to dine with him, when at any time I might happen to come that way. The Friend informing me But now, in these latter days, the voice of of this, I went accordingly, accompanied by the angel of the right hand of the Majesty him and another; and we were kindly and on High is uttered, and going over the nations respectfully received and entertained by sir louder and louder; and the elect of God have Thomas and his son, with whom we had heard, and do hear it, and many are gathered, much conversation, in a very friendly man- and more are gathering into one body and ner, till near night; and among other things, one spirit. And it is not lawful for them to he told us, he had a great respect for us stay any longer where they have been, but to as a people, and liked our way, being sensi- desert Babylon, the false church thus divided ble of that principle of divine light and truth in itself, which cannot stand, but must shortly we professed; but he commonly went to the fall, through the mighty Word of God; and Presbyterian meeting. And then he asked antichrist, who ruleth therein, shall be deme whether a man might not serve and wor-stroyed by the brightness of the coming and ship God in his mind among any sort of people, glory of the Son of God.

though he might differ from them in his senti- As for us, who are at this day scornfully ments in some points, and in his secret judg-nick-named Quakers by the children of Babel, ment, like the way of some other people better? it is remarkable that we became a people by Thus, perceiving he was convinced of the the gathering arm of the Lord, by the conway of truth in his understanding, and that victions of his holy Spirit, and the assent of he stumbled at the cross, and the meanness of the understanding to the testimony and bapthe appearance of Friends, I answered, that tism of one Spirit, the Spirit of truth and of the Lord Jesus Christ said, "Whosoever Christ, which leadeth into all truth; and not shall deny me before men, him also will I by any notions, or faiths, or creeds, or ardeny before my Father and the holy angels." ticles contrived by the art and will of man, And the apostle also saith, "With the heart or by any subscriptions, oaths, or agreements

thereunto; and yet settled, as it were, at once, in one uniformity of doctrine, principle, practice, and discipline, which no other people ever did so fully, since the days of the apos

tles of Christ.

They heard me with patience; but what I said gave no countenance to the way in which this great and rich man had chosen to conceal himself and his real sentiments from the world. I found it to be my place and duty to be plain with him, according to all that was presented in my mind on that occasion, that I might keep my own peace, which remained in me. He told me he had read some of William Penn's works, and would willingly ride a hundred miles to see him. He had likewise read some of George Keith's books, and said the former wrote in a free, open, natural, and flowing style, and gave him great satisfaction; but the books of the latter were more laboured and artificial, and never afford ed him any relish of sweetness, though the matter was, in itself, true, and his reasoning often strong; but as he was fallen away from his principles, he was not to be regarded; though the truths he had written would re. main in their own weight, whatever became of the author.

In the evening, when we inclined to return to Newcastle, he took his horse, and accom. panied us till we came near the town, and we parted in free and open friendship.

ing at Sunderland, which was pretty comfortable; and thence we went by Shotton, to Stockton, and on the 22nd had an evening meeting at Yarm; and thence proceeded by Stoxley, Broughton, Gisborough, and Water. fall, having meetings in divers places, and so on by Rousby and Hinderwell, to Whitby, taking meetings along as we went. From thence we passed forward to Staintondale, and to Scarborough, Burlington, Hastrip, Langtuft and Malton; from whence we went to York, where, on a first-day, we had two meetings, and then went on to Shipwith, Selby, Rowcliff, Thorn, and Lincoln; and on the 13th day of the eleventh month, were at a burial at Waddington, where the Lord was pleased to favour us with his good presence, as at many other times, to our great refreshment and addition of strength.

On the 14th we went to Blocksholm, to Wil. liam Thornton's; he was not a Friend, but received us with respect, and after dinner we went to Sleaford, and then by Spalding to Lynn, where we were favoured with a comfortable meeting; and from thence to Stoke, Bland, and Edmondsbury, and on the 22nd were at Colchester, where we had several good meetings, through the favour of the Lord, who never fails to comfort and support those who love, fear, and faithfully serve him, his children and people, according to his high and holy calling in Christ. On the The same evening I visited Dr. Richard 26th we had a meeting at Boxtead, and re. Gilpin, formerly mentioned, having still a turned that evening to Colchester, and the next great respect for him and all his family. He day were at a meeting at Kelden; from was an eminent physician, and preacher | whence, on the 28th, we returned to London, among the Presbyterians at Newcastle; to with thankful hearts and acknowledgments to which place he had removed from Cumberland after the revolution. With him also I had some discourse about matters of religion; in which he discovered more passion and prejudice than became his high profession or years, and could not bear any contradiction ; | but I advised him to beware of that spirit, for Soon after we arrived at London, I received it wanted mortification: and this I did in a a letter from an unknown hand, upon subjects calm and respectful mind, which reached the of great importance; my answer to which, better part in him, and brought it over the including the material part of the said letter, evil, and then I left him in a loving temper. | was as follows : For though he was naturally high, and the most eminent and celebrated preacher of that profession in the north, and from his very early days, deeply prejudiced, and almost en. vious against Friends; yet he heard me with more patience, though that was little, than he ever did any other.

the Lord our God, who, by the hand of his good providence, preserved us in this journey, through many exercises and dangers both of body and mind, to his own high praise; to whom be dominion, glory and thanks, now and for ever.

"My unknown friend, K. P.

"Since I came to London, about a week ago, I received a letter from thee, by my friend E. F., dated the 5th of December last, occasioned by one of mine to that friend, of which I was glad. I am persuaded of thy On the 16th day of the tenth month we sincerity, and that thy intent thereby is good; went to Shields, and had a meeting, where and not as a busy-body, to be meddling in the Lord mercifully favoured us with a glori- other men's matters, but to be satisfied in ous tender season of the sweet heavenly vir- things doubtful to thee: and under that contue from his presence; to whom be renown sideration, I find freedom to answer thy refor ever. Next day we had an evening meet-quest; which I could not well do sooner, by