death of that brother, to whose grave in a foreign land [Italy] he recently made a pilgrimage, and will prolong by his own individual achievements that lustre which will forever adorn this revered name. It may be said truly of Sir Charles Bell, that his physiological and pathological inquiries into the anatomy of the brain and nerves have, like those of Sir John Herschel in the mechanism of the heavens, penetrated farther than those of any other savant, and opened an entire new world to our observation, that promises to revolutionize many of the received opinions in medicine, and overturn, or, rather, subjugate to the control of his newly-propounded theory of the hitherto mysterious functions of the sensific and motific powers, not only the humoral, but other reigning hypotheses.

Sir Charles, in the declining years of his life, felt that his happiness would be most consulted by leaving the great metropolis of England, which he had chosen for some years as his residence; and returning once more, and for the last time, to the land of his fathers, and to his favourite city, Edinburgh, he was there immediately chosen to the professorship of surgery in the University, which chair he continues to fill with distinguished honour and usefulness as one of the ablest teachers of the age.

IRELAND.

We have not space to dwell as long as we could have desired on that famous land of the Scots, whose deeds, diminutive as is the territory they occupy, have filled the world with their greatness, and must therefore hasten, before passing to the Continent, to Erin's green isle, so renowned in song, in fable, in poetic interest, in chivalry, and in genius.

I visited the Irish capital, Dublin, and found there her schools well-ordered, her hospitals ample, and her professors maintaining that high rank for which they have ever been so celebrated.

Here I was welcomed not only with the courtesies which I had elsewhere received, but with all that warmth and fulness of Irish heart and Irish hospitality which must be seen and felt to be enjoyed. I can never erase from my memory the home-like cordiality, the touching attentions, the almost brotherly affection and endearments which with prodigal generosity were opened to me at every door. There was I most feelingly greeted by that patriarch in surgery, DR. COLLES, with whose name and services I had been so long conversant, and with whom I had already been on familiar terms of intimacy for years by our frequent correspondence. He, too, spoke in terms of high commendation of the surgery of our country; and in remarking upon the great subject of aneurisms and the tying of great arteries, said that America had won laurels for herself that would never fade, and that the American instrument for tying deepseated arteries was adopted by them all, and was by

far the best that had ever been invented. He is still in the possession of vigorous health, and long may he enjoy his well-merited reputation as the first surgeon of Ireland. He has not written largely, but what he has written has been the fruit of such exact and minute investigation, and of such ripe experience, that every line may be said to tell the truth, and to be a sterling acquisition to our art.. Not less kind and assiduous in his civilities was also my friend Cusack, who now, since the partial retirement of his great contemporary, Colles, from the field of operative surgery, may truly be said to hold the first rank in that department of our art. As it is the most dangerous and difficult path to eminence, and the only practical and demonstrative test of the utility of surgical science, it is, for these reasons, the most intensely captivating to an ambitious mind, and the most richly rewarded with the approbation and applause of public opinion:

I, perhaps, may be permitted to say, that in my opinion, no surgeon in the British kingdom or on the Continent of Europe, has gone through the range of the great modern operations of exsecting the jaws for osteosarcoma, as successfully and brilliantly as this our distinguished collaborateur of Dublin.

There also resides Sir Philip Crampton, another distinguished luminary in surgery. He it was, permit me to add, who also followed me in the steps of my first operation upon the common iliac artery. Though this first attempt in Europe did not succeed, I was favoured with a more fortunate issue; and the patient still lives in a neighbouring county, literally a monument, it may be said in a double sense, of the triumphs of modern surgery. For it was not only the first time that this great operation of the tying of this artery had ever been

accomplished successfully, but the first time that it had ever been performed for aneurism. I hope it may not be considered egotistic in me to say, that it was with emotions of peculiar gratification and pride, both as a surgeon and as an American, that I saw this my first attempt to interrupt the vital current in this great arterial trunk, crowned with such complete success.

To all my friends in Dublin, as though they were named, permit me on this occasion here to return my warmest acknowledgments, and deep sense of gratitude for their unremitted and heartfelt kindness to me.

FRANCE.

HAVING now thus revisited the three principal capitals of Great Britain, with which my associations, thus flatteringly renewed, will hereafter be still more agreeably and closely blended, I hastened onward to that most renowned and enchanting metropolis, Paris, which, it has been well said, is all France; and well and greatly does she represent that noble kingdom. A world of colleges, hospitals, museums, and scientific men; embracing within its precincts every character and variety of institution which human ingenuity could conceive, and human charity, in its most enlarged benevolence, could devise. Here a new and vast drama presented itself to me. In this capital and epitome of the European world of civilization-the heart of the realm, and of its court and splendours-this protectress and patroness of the arts and sciences, of belles lettres, and of polite taste, that not only woos men of genius and literary merit to make their home within her domains, but extends to them, be they of whatever nation they may, her fraternizing and fostering encouragement, with a liberal and prodigal hand which we meet with nowhere else-in a place which thus concentrates within itself such an amount of mental power, and where greatness and rank in every pursuit and occupation of life are such common commodities, favoured indeed must be his lot, who, in such a galaxy of intellectual strength, has the good fortune even to attract notice; much more fortunate and truly complimented if he obtains the rank of pre-eminence for anything that he may have done.

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