MEMNONIUM, the name given to a temple now in ruins, supposed to have been dedicated to Memnon, an ancient king of Egypt.

“When the Memnonium was in all its glory.” — See page 425 MEROE, a country of Ethiopia, the origin of which is lost amidst the darkness of antiquity.

"Dim Meroe will shout freedom," &c. - See page 281. MILTIADES, an Athenian general, who conquered the Persians on the plains of Marathon.

"That tyrant was Miltiades." -See page 122.

MORAY, a chief in the rebel army in 1745.

"and Moray the proud.”.

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See page 86.

NERVII, a people of Gaul, among the boldest and most warlike of that nation. Dwelling in the northern regions, that bordered upon Germany, they claimed to be of German origin, and refused to acknowledge, as the other Gallic people had done, the supremacy of Rome. It was among the great achievements of Cæsar to conquer this fierce, unyielding tribe.

"That day he overcame the Nervii.”

See page 331.

NIOBE, a daughter of Tantalus, king of Lydia. She had seven sons and seven daughters, and in her pride looked upon herself as superior to Latona, the mother of Apollo and Diana. These deities, to humble her, destroyed her children, and Niobe, overwhelmed with her misfortunes, was changed into a stone.

"The Niobe of nations! there she stands,

Childless and crownless!" &c.

- See page 315.

OLYMPUS, a celebrated mountain of Thessaly, which Homer represents as the dwelling of the gods.

ORPHEUS, son of Eager, by the muse Calliope. He received a lyre from Apollo, or from Mercury, upon which he played with such a masterly hand, that even the most rapid rivers ceased to flow, the savage beasts of the forests forgot their wildness, and the mountains moved to listen to his song.

See page 432.

And trees uprooted left their place," &c. ORUS, an Egyptian deity, son of Osiris and of Isis. He was the emblem of the sun among the Egyptians, and was generally represented as an infant swathed in variegated clothes. In one hand he held a staff, which terminated in the head of a hawk, in the other a whip with three thongs.

"O'erthrew Osiris, Orus," &c. - See page 427. OSIRIS, a great deity of the Egyptians. As Osiris had particularly

instructed his subjects in cultivating the ground, the priests chose the ox to represent him, and paid the most superstitious veneration to that animal..

See APIS.
"O'erthrew Osiris," &c.

PHILOMELA, an Athenian maiden, who, as the fables say, was changed into a nightingale.

"Why, lone Philomela," &c.

See page 226.

PHŒBUS, one of the surnames of Apollo. See DELOS.

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See page 120.

"Where Delos rose and Phœbus sprung.' PLATEA, a town in ancient Greece. The battle of Platea was fought on the 22d of September, 479 B. C., in which the Persians were totally defeated. The Persian army consisted of 300,000 men, only 3000 of whom escaped with their lives.

"There had the Persian's thousands stood,

There had the glad earth drunk their blood,
On old Platea's day," &c.. See page 79.

PLATO, a celebrated philosopher of Athens. He was a pupil of Socrates. He taught the doctrine of the immortality of the soul.

POMPEY'S PILLAR. The column at Alexandria, which is thus named, is supposed to have been erected long after Pompey's time. The name it bears is, therefore, a misnomer.

"Is Pompey's Pillar really a misnomer?". - See page 426.

"PYRRHIC DANCE," (see page 122,) an ancient military dance performed by men armed.

"PYRRHIC PHALANX," (see page 122,) an allusion to the soldiers commanded by Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, who were distinguished for their discipline and valor.

REMUS. See ROMULUS.

ROMULUS and REMUS, twin brethren, who founded the city of Rome. They were the children of a vestal, Rhea Sylvia, who declared that their father was Mars, the god of war. The twins were exposed in a wild country, on the banks of the Tiber, by order of their uncle Amulius, who had usurped the crown of his brother Numitor; but they were preserved, and it is said that a she-wolf came and fed them with her milk till they were found by Faustulus, one of the king's shepherds, who educated them as his own children. "Ere Romulus and Remus had been suckled.". See page 426.

SALAMIS, an island subject to the Athenians. On the invasion of Xerxes, the whole naval force of Greece was assembled in the Bay

of Salamis. The Persian ships surrounded the island with a view to prevent their escape. They were attacked by the Greeks and completely defeated.

See page 120.

"Which looks o'er sea-born Salamis." SAPPHO, celebrated for her beauty, her poetical talents, and her unfortunate love, was born in the Island of Lesbos. Being in love with Phaon, a youth of Mitylene, who treated her with coldness, she threw herself into the sea from Mount Leucas.

"Where burning Sappho loved and sung.”. See page 120.

SAVANS, men of science.

"SCIAN MUSE," (see page 120,) an allusion to Homer; Scio (anciently Chios) being one of the places which claimed the honor of his birth.

SOCRATES, a celebrated philosopher, was a native of Athens. He drew around him, by his wisdom and eloquence, a number of illustrious pupils, whom he instructed by his exemplary life as well as by his doctrines. He was accused of corrupting the Athenian youth, and was condemned to die by drinking hemlock. His actions, sayings, and opinions, have been faithfully recorded by two of his most cele brated pupils, Plato and Xenophon.

SPHINX, an Egyptian monster, with a virgin's face, and a quadruped's body; said to have proposed riddles, and destroyed those that could not solve them.

"To whom shall we assign the Sphinx's fame? See page 426. SULIOTES, the people of Suli, a mountainous district in the western part of Greece.

"Bozzaris ranged his Suliote band.” See page 78. SUNIUM, a promontory, now called Cape Colonna, from the ruins of the temple of Minerva, which are still to be seen on its summit. It is elevated three hundrea feet above the sea, and commands a prospect of the Gulf of Ægina on one side, and of the Ægean Sea on the other.

"Place me on Sunium's marbled steep," &c.

See page 122.

TARTARUS, one of the regions of hell, where, according to the ancients, the most impious and guilty among mankind were punished.

"Shapes hot from Tartarus." See page 347.

“TEIAN MUSE,” (see page 120,) an allusion to Anacreon, a famous lyric poet, who was born in Teos.

“TEMPE'S VALE," (see page 311,) a valley in Thessaly celebrated for its beautiful scenery.

THEBES, an ancient city of Erynt. Homer calls it the city with a aundred gates.

Had Thebes a hundred gries, as sung by Homer ?". See page 426. THERMOPYLE, a narrow rars leading from Thessaly into Locris and Phocis. It has a largo riøge of mountains on the west, and the ea on the east. The narrowest part is only twenty-five feet in readth. In this place three hundred Spartans resisted, for three successive days, the attack of the vast Persian army, which consisted of several hundred thousand men.

"Of the three hundred grant but three,

To make a new Thermopyla!

See page 121.

TRAFALGAR, a cape on the southern coast of Spain, between Cadiz and Gibraltar. Near this cape the English fleet, commanded by Nelson, overcame the united French and Spanish fleets, on the 21st af October, 1805. Nelson was mortally wounded in the action.

XENOPHON, an Athenian, who was distinguished as a general, an aistorian, and a philosopher. He was a pupil of Socrates, and re orded many of his sayings.

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