A Manual of the History of the Political System of Europe and Its Colonies

peace of Aix-la-Chapelle 26. Consequences of this war
27-29; British influence 30; Russian 31; Prussia's ac-
cession to the number of the first powers 32-34. Conse-
quences of the conquest of Silesia 35; Austria's combina-
tions against Prussia 36, 37; Kaunitz 38. Commence-
ment of relations between Austria and France 39-41.

2. From the alliance between France and Austria, to the

treaties of Paris and Hubertsburg, 1756-1763 26

.......

The colonial relations of England and France give rise
to a war between them 42, 43, 44. Alliance of Prussia
and England 45. The seven years' war 46; its commence-

ment and progress 47, 48. Hanoverian war 49. Prussian
war 50, 51. Naval war 52. Peace between Russia and
Prussia, and between Prussia and Sweden 53; their con-
sequences 54. Implication of Spain and Portugal; family
compact 55; separation of the connection; peace of Paris
Peace of Hubertsburg 57. Consolidation of the
system of Frederic 58. Family connection of the Bourbons
59. Coldness between England and Prussia 60. Cessa-
tion of British influence 61. The use which she makes of
her dominion of the sea; her encroachment upon the right
of neutral powers. British maritime law 62.

3. From the treaties of Paris and Hubertsburg, to the

death of Frederic the Great, 1763-1786
41

General remarks § 63. Increased activity in the govern-

ments 64; their attention to the domestic concerns of their

states 65. Mechanical administration 66. Compactness of

territory 67. Undue value given to the material resources

of states 68. Mania for theories 69; on government;

Montesquieu; Rousseau 70. Political economy; physio-

crats; Ad. Smith 71; philosophical speculation 72; in-

fluence of authors and public opinion 73. Fall of the

Jesuits 74-76; its consequences 77. Increasing passion

for aggrandisement and compactness of territory: partition

of Poland 78. 79. Joseph II. 80; his project against

Bavaria 81-83. Bavarian war. Peace of Teschen 84.

Joseph's projects 85, 86; further design on Bavaria by an

exchange 87; frustrated by Frederic; German confede-

ration 88.

II. Cursory view of the internal changes which took place

during this period in the more powerful States in the

West of Europe, and their consequences, 1740–1786. 61

General view § 1. Portugal: Pombal 2. Spain: Aranda,
etc. 3. France: internal broils: alliance with Austria;
national decline 4-9. Great Britain: increase of royal
power 10-13; the funding system 14; internal stability
arising from it 15. The United Netherlands: intro-
duction of hereditary stadtholders: house of Orange 16-

18; direful consequences 19. The German Empire 20;

political dissensions 21; yet a flourishing period as regards

the interior-its causes 22-24; advance of German

civilisation 25, 26. Prussia: condition of this state under

Frederic II. 27-34. Austria: its condition under Maria

Theresa 35-39. The Turkish Empire 40. General cha-

racter of politics 41-43. Practical political economy 44.

Mercantile system, and treaties of commerce 45. Art of

war 46, 47.

III. History of Colonial affairs, 1740-1786 ...... ...... 87

British West

General view § 1. British colonial affairs 2; North