Quia res quam tractaturi estis satis periculosa est, fratres carissimi, moneo ut diligenter et honeste totius missæ ordinem, et consecrationem, et fractionem, atque communicationem, ab aliis jam doctis sacerdotibus discatis, priusquam missam cantare præsumatis.7 8 Deinde archidiaconus injungat eis novem missas, videlicet, tres missas de Trinitate, tres de sancta Maria, pro statu universalis ecclesiæ, et tranquillitate regis et regni, et prosperitate domni, et tres missas de Requiem, admonition can be traced earlier than to the 13th century. Still there are many evidences which shew that the practice of diligently learning the duties of their office, before actually entering upon them, was common long before. Nor could the necessity of it be light, when we remember the intricacy and multitude of the rubrics which the newly ordained priests were to observe. 7" Hic injungatur eis aliqua quotidiana pœnitentia, ps. Ad te levavi: vel aliquis alius psalmus. Hic incipiatur postcommunio. Restat ut dicatur collecta missæ ad complendum." Rubr. Pontif. Bangor. "Quo dicto, dicatur postcommunio." Rubr. Pontif. Exon. 8 None of the early pontificals, or the ancient sacramentaries, have any notice to this effect; it is therefore of late introduction. The utmost, which appears in any of them to lead to it, is a simple and religious request by the bishop that the newly ordained should pray for him. But these directions to say certain prayers, psalms, or masses, which as the reader has seen, has been divided in the office in our text, into several admonitions by the archdeacon to each degree in the ministry, have been collected by the modern Roman pontifical, into one set form, to be solemnly pronounced by the bishop, after the postcommunion, and the blessing. I think it right to extract it, bearing, as it does, on much that has gone before. "Singuli ad primam tonsuram, vel ad quatuor minores ordines promoti, dicite semel psalmos pœnitentiales, cum litaniis, versiculis, et orationibus. Ad subdiaconatum, vel diaconatum, nocturnum talis diei. Ad presbyteratum vero ordinati post primam vestram missam, tres alias missas, videlicet, unam de Spiritu Sancto, aliam de beata Maria semper virgine, tertiam pro fidelibus defunctis dicite, et omnipotentem Deum etiam pro me orate." Pontif. Rom pro animabus patris et matris et pro salute omnium fidelium defunctorum, vel injungatur eis aliqua alia quotidiana pænitentia, videlicet psalmus Ad te levavi vel aliquis alius psalmus. Et domnus episcopus concedat indulgentiam quadraginta dierum omnibus audientibus corum primas missas. His expletis, dicat episcopus postcommunionem: Quæsumus Domine, Deus noster, ut sacrosancta mysteria, quæ pro reparationis nostræ munimine contulisti, et præsens nobis remedium esse facias et futurum. Alia postcommunio. Quos tuis, Domine, reficis sacramentis, continuis attolle benignus auxiliis, ut tuæ redemptionis effectum et mysteriis capiamus et moribus. Per Dominum.o Deinde dicat diaconus: Benedicamus Domino.10 9"Et sic finiatur missa: injungantur cuilibet tres missæ pro statu ecclesiæ, de Trinitate, de Sancto Spiritu, et de beata virgine Maria. Et quilibet ordinatus lavet manus suas cum sale et aqua, antequam exeat ecclesia: postea celebretur indulgentia xl dierum, omnibus primam missam eorum audientibus. "Quando episcopus vult offerre minores ordines in dominicis vel in festis, responsoria, lectiones [?], dicta oratione principali, conveniant ante episcopum ordinandi, vocati et nomine sui singillatim, et unus archidiaconus, vel sacerdos, seu clericus, sonora voce, Postulat. Et cætera sicut in generalibus est dictum: tunc episcopus tradet illis claves ecclesiæ, et omnia alia quæ in generalibus ordinibus habentur, dimittendo lectiones, et gradualia, quæ tunc temporis non habentur." Pontif. Exon. 10 This of course would not be said at times when the "Ite, missa est," was, according to the use of Salisbury, the appointed form. The student uld refer to "the Ancient Liturgy," (second edit:) p. 136. note 80. And here I would again remind him, that all those parts of the text, which refer to the communion service of the day, the collects, gradual, epistle, secrets, &c., would also change according to the proper requirements of the season at which the ordinations took place. Postea dicat episcopus: Placeat tibi Sancta Trinitas et cætera, more solito. Missa completa, recedant sacerdotes ad lavandum manus.1 Iste modus prædictus servetur in omnibus aliis ordinibus subsequentibus.12 "This washing of the hands of the priests, is directed to be done according to the modern use of the Church of Rome, in the middle of the office. "Interea dum offertorium cantatur, vel etiam prius, ordinati sacerdotes poterunt lavare manus suas cum medulla panis, et aqua bene mundare, atque extergere mappulis illis, quibus ligatæ erant, et aqua ablutionis hujusmodi projiciatur in sacrarium." Rubr. Pontif. Rom. No direction to this effect is to be found in the early pontificals, and it was introduced, as a consequence of the extreme reverence which began in the middle ages to be paid to the consecrated oil, whether chrism or not, which was used in VOL. III. the unction. To the same purpose, were the careful directions, which were so frequently repeated as to the unction at confirmation; see Vol. 1. p. ccxiv: and above, as to coronations, p. 24. 12 That is, at the other Ember days, or seasons of general ordinations. The Salisbury pontifical, from which the text is taken, contains, which is not the case with all pontificals, the variations of lections, epistles, gospels, collects, &c., according to the different times of the year. Each of them, as it occurs in its place in the manuscript, referring back to this office of the Ember-day in Advent, for those portions of it which related to the ordination itself, and were unchangeable. Q Appendix. Admonitio informatoria episcopi ad primam tonsuram recipientes, et ad omnes alios ordines. Informatio de prima tonsura clericali, et sumitur de verbis magistri Hugonis de Sancto Victore, libro de sacramentis.1 C RIMUM signaculum clerici est corona, quia per hoe signum eligitur in partem sortis ministerii divini, cui servire regnare est, sicut dicit Petrus, Vos estis genus electum, regale sacerdotium.' Propter hoc et coma ei in modum coronæ rotundæ tonditur, et caput desuper nudatur, ut per hoc et se ad regiam in Christo digni 6 1 These admonitions are placed at the beginning of the Sarum pontifical, from which the offices in this volume are edited. I have thought them well worthy of a place here, as an appendix to the Ordination Service: and the reader will be repaid by comparing them with those, different, but similar in character, printed by Martene, in his great work; de Ant. Ecc. Rit. Tom. 2. p. 17. He speaks of them, as of uncommon occurrence, and deserving consideration. The copy in which he found them, was a manuscript pontifical of the church of Rouen : imperfect, not containing the admonition to the "ostiarii," as he himself remarks; nor the "informatio de prima tonsura," of the existence of which, as a preliminary admonition of the same kind, he was probably not aware. This "informatio" is stated in the text to have been derived from Hugh S. Victor on the Sacraments. But it differs much from the chapter on the subject, Lib. 1. Cap. 32. as given in the Auctarium to the Bibl. Patrum. Tom. 1. tatem assumi intelligat, et quia inter ipsum et Deum velamen desuper nullum esse debeat, sed revelata facie, secundum apostolum, Domini sui gloriam contempletur. Clericus enim non sicut laici secretorum Dei ignarus esse debet, quia nuntius ejus est ad laicum populum. Unde et usque ad apertionem oculorum et aurium amoventur crines quasi superflui, ut eum ab audiendo et intelligendo verbo Dei occupatio sæcularis, et terrena ambitio non impediat. Extunc vero debet ecclesiæ stipendiis sustentari, et Scriptura Sacra instrui, et in officio ecclesiastico institui: ut cum ratio poposcerit, et ætas, ac scientia, et mores suppetunt, ad ordines sacros assumi possit sub titulo certo, sine quo non sunt ordinandi, ne potius acephali quam clerici efficiantur. Hujus tonsuræ ritus ex veteri Testamento a Nazareis, ut dicitur, sumpsit exordium, quoniam crines diu crescentes, ob vitæ continentiam tandem rasos in ignem sacrificii, consumebant. Sed et in Actibus Apostolorum, Priscillam et Aquilam, atque beatum Paulum, et quosdam alios, idem fecisse legimus, significando in corde et opere pullulantia vitia præcidenda. Admonitio ad ostiarios, qui primi sunt ordinis. O STIARII in veteri Testamento janitores dicebantur. Quorum officium est claves ecclesiæ custodire, et competentibus horis claudere et aperire, et quæ intus sunt custodire, fideles Christianos recipere, excommunicatos vero et infideles excludere, sicut patet partim ex verbis episcopi ordinantis. Hoc officium Christus per se ipsum exercuit et constituit, quando ementes et vendentes in templo, per quos omnes hæretici et infideles figurantur, cum flagello de funiculis ejecit de templo. |