The longest outward passage was made by the Europe, she having been thirty-six days; and the shortest by the England, in eighteen days. All the outward passages average twenty-two days and a half. The homeward passages average thirty-three days and seventeen hours. The Orpheus made a homeward passage in twenty-two days, the Oxford in twenty-three, and the England in twenty-five, making the three shortest. The longest was made by the North America, in forty-eight days. The different Lines of New York Sailing Vessels during the following Months of 1845 were, according to these respective Programmes, as under. The Proprietors of the several Lines of Packets between New York and Liverpool have arranged for their sailing from each port, to succeed each other in the following order, viz.:— These ships are all of the largest class, and are commanded by men of character and experience. Their cabin accommodations are all that can be desired in point of splendour, comfort, and convenience, and they are furnished with every description of stores of the best kind. Punctuality in the days of sailing will be strictly adhered to. Rate of passage to Liverpool, 100 dollars. From Liverpool to New York, 25l. in America; and that such intercourse will be conducted either by British subjects, or by American citizens, or, as is most likely, by both, jointly or separately. The progress and great extension of steam navigation along the coasts and rivers of the United States, and of the river St. Lawrence, and the great lakes of North America, we have described under a previous head. The sailing ships belonging to the United States, which sail regularly from New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and several other ports, to the ports of the United Kingdom, to Havre, Bordeaux, to ports in the Mediterranean-and to the ports of Holland and the north of Europe, are equipped in a style of extraordinary perfection and beauty, and navigated with the utmost nautical skill. Those which sail between New York and Liverpool, and New York and London, are truly magnificent, and their accommodations, though gorgeous, combine for passengers all the luxuries and comforts of splendid hotels. . The following were among the principal large Transatlantic vessels belonging to Philadelphia in 1841. This table will prove valuable for future reference. Of brigs and brigantines, 75; or a total of square-rigged vessels, 141. Cargoes of American produce, which these ships convey to England, and of British manufactures, are of enormous value. The carrying trade of both (with the exception of cotton wool and naval stores), is, however, comparatively limited, by the pernicious, and fallacious, protective duties of England and America. The following are the lengths of several voyages of the principal sailing ships of the packet lines between New York and Liverpool. The outward passages averaged twenty days and a half each. The eleven passages were made in 228 days. The shortest was made in seventeen days, and the longest in twenty-five. Roscius...... Siddons.... Sheridan.. Jan. 17 Feb. 17 31 35 April 25 38 Garrick...... April 14 May 14 30 Roscius May 14 June 6 23 Siddons.... Sheridan.. July 15 Aug. 17 33 Garrick ...... Aug. 13 Sept. 15 33 Roscius... Sept. 13 Oct. 12 29 Siddons.. Oct. Sheridan... Garrick 13 Nov. 14 Dec. 14 The longest outward passage was made by the Europe, she having been thirty-six days; and the shortest by the England, in eighteen days. All the outward passages average twenty-two days and a half. The homeward passages average thirty-three days and seventeen hours. The Orpheus made a homeward passage in twenty-two days, the Oxford in twenty-three, and the England in twenty-five, making the three shortest. The longest was made by the North America, in forty-eight days. The different Lines of New York Sailing Vessels during the following Months of 1845 were, according to these respective Programmes, as under. The Proprietors of the several Lines of Packets between New York and Liverpool have arranged for their sailing from each port, to succeed each other in the following order, viz.:— These ships are all of the largest class, and are commanded by men of character and experience. Their cabin accommodations are all that can be desired in point of splendour, comfort, and convenience, and they are furnished with every description of stores of the best kind. Punctuality in the days of sailing will be strictly adhered to. Rate of passage to Liverpool, 100 dollars. From Liverpool to New York, 25l. These ships are all of the first class, upwards of 1000 tons burden, built in the city of New York, with such improvements as combine great speed with unusual comfort for passengers. Every care has been taken in the arrangement of their accommodations. The price of passage hence is 100 dollars, for which ample stores will be provided. These ships are commanded by experienced masters, who will make every exertion to give general satisfaction. Neither captains nor owners of these ships will be responsible for any letters, parcels, or packages sent by them, unless regular bills of lading are signed therefore. Letters by the packets will be charged 12 cents per single sheet, 50 cents per ounce, and newspapers one cent each.-April 27. The eleven outward passages were made in 266 days, and they averaged a fraction over twenty-four days each. The shortest was made in twenty-one days, and the longest in twentyeight. The longest homeward passage was made in forty-five days, and the shortest in twenty-seven. The eleven were made in 398 days. The eleven outward passages were made in 248 days, and averaged twenty-two days and twelve hours each. The longest was made in thirty-one days, and the shortest in seventeen. The homeward passages averaged thirty-five days and a fraction each. None made less than twenty-eight days, and none over forty-five. The twelve were performed in 421 days. A TABLE of all the Passages of the Steam Ship Great Western, between Bristol and New York, from April, 1838, to July, 1839, showing the Time of her Departure from, and Arrival at, each Port, &c. The average of passages from New York to Bristol, thirteen days and three-quarters. The shortest passage was twelve days and a quarter; the longest fifteen days. The average of passages from Bristol to New York was sixteen days and one-eighth, the shortest having been thirteen days, the longest twenty-one days and a half. The average of all the passages, out and home, was fifteen days. The whole time employed in the first fifteen passages, excluding fifty-two days, during which the ship lay up refitting, was twelve months and one day. The whole time spent at sea, in the fifteen passages, was 225 days. In these 225 days the ship must have sailed, in all, about 51,000 miles, giving an average progress of 227 miles per day, and about nine and a half miles per hour, out and home, summer and winter. By one of the passages from New York to Bristol, despatches by the ship were received in Liverpool and London on the thirteenth day after leaving New York, say on the evening of the 17th of October, having left New York on the afternoon of the 4th of that month. By the same, and by one other passage, passengers and despatches reached Paris, by way of England, on the fifteenth day. A TABLE of all the Passages of the Transatlantic Steam Ships Company's Ships, Royal William and Liverpool, between Liverpool and New York, from July, 1838, to June, 1839, showing the time of their departure from, and arrival at, each port. These passages are calculated from dock to dock, and, it will be observed, the Liverpool's passages are mostly made in the winter months, not the best calculated for making short voyages. Her four trips to the westward have been made within forty-two hours of the same time. She has, with but one exception, made the southern passage; thereby lengthening her voyage, but avoiding the risk of running upon ice, and obtaining for her passengers mild and fine weather. The Great Western will have performed about eighty voyages to and from Bristol or Liverpool and New York from the 8th of April, 1838, to December, 1845. Average voyages, fifteen days twelve hours, outward. The passages from Bristol being somewhat longer. The average of the homeward voyages was thirteen days nine hours. One voyage from Bristol, touching at Madeira, was performed to New York in twenty-nine days one hour, including one day four hours' stoppage at Madeira. The following statement of the time occupied in making the passage between Liverpool and Halifax, is a most important document in steam-navigation, as not only showing the certainty of a quick communication across the Atlantic at all times of the year, but at the average rate at which it may be made. The passage out, gives 7.86 miles per hour; while that home (influenced by prevailing winds and currents), gives 9.3 miles. The mean between these may be taken as the average speed obtained at sea, or what may be called the sea-rate. In this case, the sea-rate is 8.58 miles per hour. |