the purposes mentioned in stat. 3 & 4 Vict. c. 88, s. 12, the provisions of "The Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845," except the provisions with respect to the purchase and taking of lands otherwise than by agreement, shall be incorporated with the said Act of the third and fourth year of Her Majesty and this Act; and the expression " the promoters of the undertaking" in the said Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, shall for the purposes of such incorporation mean the justices of the peace of any county in general or quarter sessions assembled; and the powers of providing station-houses and strong rooms contained in stat. 3 & 4 Vict. c. 88, ss. 12, 13, and this Act shall extend to authorize the providing of such station-houses and strong rooms within any borough lying within or adjoining to the county for which the same may be provided. 19 & 20 Vict. c. 69, s. 23.

And stat. 7 G. 4. c. 18, "To authorize the Disposal of unnecessary Prisons in England," shall extend to and include all station-houses, lock-up houses, strong rooms, and the sites thereof, and all other lands and tenements whatsoever which may at any time be vested in the justices of the peace of any county, or in any persons in trust for them, for the purposes of the police, and which in the judgment of such justices shall for any reason whatever have become unnecessary. 19 & 20 Vict. c. 69, s. 24.

The justices in general or quarter session assembled, may borrow money for the purpose of purchasing any such lands and tenements, or of building any such station-houses and strong rooms, and to charge the future police rates with the amount of the loan, and with interest thereon; provided always, that any money borrowed for such purpose shall be repaid by yearly instalments, not less than one-twentieth part of the sum borrowed, with interest on the same, in any one year. 3 & 4 Vict. c. 88, s. 13.

But where a station-house or strong room shall have been provided under the said Act of the third and fourth years of Her Majesty, section twelve, for any police district or division within any county in which the provisions of the said Act of the second and third years of Her Majesty, have not been put in force throughout the whole of such county before the passing of this Act, and the cost of such station or strong room has been incurred out of or now remains wholly or in part chargeable on the police rate for such police district or division, the justices of the peace for the county wherein such police district or division is situate, at any quarter sessions to be held after the passing of this Act, shall or may purchase such station-house or strong room for such sum of money as may be determined by such justices, and hold the same for and on behalf of the county or riding for the purposes of this Act, and pay the purchase monies for the same out of the

general county rate for the said county; and where the cost of erecting such station-house or strong room shall at the passing of this Act be chargeable by way of mortgage either wholly or in part on the police rates for such police district or division it shall be lawful for the said justices to transfer such charge from the police rates leviable in such police district or division to and continue such charge upon the county rate of the county in which such police district or division shall be situate; and the police rates of the said police district or division shall be thenceforth discharged from all future payments in respect of the said station-house or strong room; and all mortgages or other instruments then operating by way of charge on the said police rates in respect of such stationhouse or strong room shall be thereafter deemed to be charges on the general county rate of the said county, in the same manner as if the same had been originally charged on such county rate, and such station-house or strong room shall thenceforth be the property of the said county for the purposes of this Act. 19 & 20 Vict. c. 69, s. 22.

Their exemption from toll.] No toll shall be demanded or taken on any turnpike road or bridge, for any horse, or police van, carriage, or cart passing along such road or bridge, in the service of the police established under the provisions of stat. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93; provided that the constable in charge of such horse, van, carriage, or cart, if not the chief constable, shall produce an order in writing under the hand of the chief constable, or shall have his dress according to the regulations of the police force at the time of claiming the exemption; and every person who shall fraudulently claim or take the benefit of the exemption from toll herein contained, not being lawfully entitled thereunto, shall for every such offence be liable to a penalty not more than five pounds; and in all such cases the proof of exemption shall be upon the person claiming the same. 3 & 4 Vict. c. 88, s. 1.

Their powers and duties.] The chief constable and other person so appointed shall be sworn as constables before a justice of the county, and shall have all the powers, privileges, and duties throughout the county, and also in all liberties and franchises, and detached parts of other counties locally situated within such county, and also in any county adjoining to the county for which they are appointed, which any constable duly appointed has within his constablewick by virtue of the common law, or of any statute made or to be made [see post, p. 94]; and every provision of stat. 1 & 2 W. 4, c. 41, as to special constables [see post, p. 88] shall be deemed to extend to the constables appointed under this Act, except as to the

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manner of their appointment and dismissal, the time for which they shall serve, and the manner in which their allowances shall be paid, or as to any matter herein expressly otherwise provided. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, s. 8. Any other duties will be specified in such rules as the secretary of state may make under the 3rd section of that Act.

Also, the constables of every county appointed under the said Acts of the second and third and third and fourth years of Her Majesty or either of them, or this Act, shall have, in every borough situate wholly or in part within such county, or within any county or part of a county in which they have authority, all such powers and privileges and be liable to all such duties and responsibilities as the constables appointed for such borough have and are liable to within any such county, and shall obey all such lawful commands as they may from time to time receive from any of the justices of the peace having jurisdiction within any such borough in which they shall be called on to act as constables, for conducting themselves in the execution of their office. 19 & 20 Vict. c. 69, s. 6.

And the constables acting under the said Acts of the second and third and third and fourth years of Her Majesty, the fifth and sixth years of King William the Fourth, and this Act, or any of the said Acts, shall, in addition to their ordinary duties, perform all such duties connected with the police in their respective counties or boroughs as the justices in general or quarter sessions assembled, or the watch committees of such respective counties or boroughs, from time to time direct or require. 19 & 20 Vict. c. 69, s. 7.

Neglect of duty.] Every constable appointed under this Act, who shall be guilty of any neglect or violation of duty in his office of constable, and shall be convicted thereof before any two justices of the peace for the county, shall be liable to a penalty not more than ten pounds, the amount of which penalty may be deducted from any salary then due to such offender, or, in the discretion of the justices by whom he shall be convicted, may be imprisoned, with or without hard labour, for any time not more than one calendar month. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, s. 12.

Publicans harbouring them.] If any victualler, or keeper of any house, shop, room, or other place for the sale of any liquors, whether spirituous or otherwise, shall knowingly harbour, or entertain any constable belonging to the said force, or permit such constable to abide or remain in his house, shop, room, or other place, during any part of the time appointed for his being on duty, every such keeper or victualler as aforesaid, being convicted thereof before any two justices of the peace

for the county, shall, for every such offence, forfeit and pay such sum, not exceeding five pounds, as they shall think meet. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, s. 16.

Their dismissal.] The chief constable, we have seen, may be dismissed by the justices in quarter sessions (2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, s. 4, ante, p. 69); and the petty constables may be dismissed by the chief constable. Id. s. 6, ante, p. 70. And every constable who shall be dismissed from or shall cease to hold and exercise his office, and who shall not forthwith deliver all the clothing, accoutrements, appointments, and other necessaries which may have been supplied to him for the execution of his duty to the chief constable or superintendent, or to such person and at such time and place as shall be directed by the said chief constable or superintendent, shall be liable, on being convicted thereof before any two justices of the peace for the county, to imprisonment, with or without hard labour, for any time not exceeding one calendar month; and it shall be lawful for any justice of the peace to issue his warrant to search for and seize to the use of the county police all the clothing, accoutrements, appointments, and other necessaries which shall not be so delivered over, wherever the same may be found. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, s. 14.

Local constables.] The chief constable shall make out and cause to be laid before the justices acting in and for every petty sessional division of the county, at one of their special sessions holden for hearing appeals against the poor rates, a list, signed by him, of fit persons residing within every parish, township, and place within the division, willing, in case of need, to serve as local constables during the year then next ensuing, for doing all things which belong to the office of constable within such parish, township or place; and the justices of each of such divisions, at any time, in petty sessions assembled, shall select from the persons named in such lists so many local constables as they shall think fit to appoint for every such parish, township, or place, and shall cause to be administered to them the following oath, that is to say

I, A. B., do swear that I will well and truly serve our sovereign Lady the Queen in the office of local constable for the parish [or township, &c.] of [- -] for the year ensuing, or until another shall be sworn in my stead, according to the best of my skill and knowledge. So help me God.

And all such local constables shall be subject to the authority of the chief constable, and to such regulations as shall be made for their government by one of Her Majesty's principal secretaries of state, and shall have within the whole county, and

within all liberties and franchises and detached parts of other counties situated therein, and also in every county adjoining to the county in which they are appointed, all the powers, privileges, and immunities, and shall be liable to all the duties and responsibilities, of a constable within his constablewick, but shall not be bound to act as a constable beyond the parish, township, or place for which they are severally appointed and sworn; and the chief constable, from time to time, shall cause a list to be printed and published of the persons so appointed and sworn as local constables within each division, with the names of the places for which they are severally appointed. 3 & 4 Vict. c. 88, s. 16.

Their pay, fees, &c.] The pay is regulated by the rules of the secretary of state before referred to, ante, p. 74. Also, in addition to the salary to be paid to the chief constable of the county, reasonable allowances shall be made to him for extraordinary expenses necessarily incurred by him, and by the constables under his orders in the apprehension of offenders, and in the execution of his and their duty under this Act; which allowances shall be examined and audited by the justices of the county in quarter session assembled. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, s. 18.

And the justices of the county in general or quarter session assembled shall, from time to time (subject to the approval of one of Her Majesty's principal secretaries of state), settle tables of fees and allowances for the service of summonses and execution of warrants, and for the performance of the other occasional duties which may be required of the said local constables; and whenever any duty for which any such fee or allowance shall have been settled shall be performed by one of the constables appointed under stat. 2 & 3 Vict. c. 93, the amount thereof shall be accounted for and paid to the treasurer of the county, or such other person as shall be appointed by the justices to receive the same, and shall be applied towards defraying the expenses of putting the said Act in execution; and when such duty shall have been performed by one of the local constables appointed under this Act, the amount of the fee or allowance shall be paid to such local constable, under such regulations as shall be made from time to time by the justices in general or quarter session assembled. 3 & 4 Vict. c. 88, s. 17.

Also, by stat. 19 & 20 Vict. c. 69, s. 8, it shall not be lawful for any constable acting under the said Acts of the second and third and third and fourth years of Her Majesty, and the fifth and sixth years of King William the Fourth, and this Act, or any of the said Acts (other than a local constable appointed under the said Act of the third and fourth years of Her Majesty),