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a hassock and a Common Prayer-book; and at the same time employed an itinerant singing master, who goes about the country 2 for that purpose, to instruct them rightly in the tunes of the Psalms, upon which they now very much value themselves, and indeed outdo most of the country churches that I have ever heard."

As Sir Roger is landlord to the whole7 congregation, he keeps them in very good order, and will suffer nobody to sleep in it besides himself; for if by chance he has been surprised into 10 a short nap 11 at 12 sermon, upon recovering out of it 13 he stands up 14, and looks about 15 him; and if he sees anybody else nodding,16 either 17 wakes 18 them himself, or sends his servants to them.19 Several other of the old knight's particularities 20 break out upon 21 these occasions. Sometimes 22 he will be lengthening out" a verse in the singing Psalms,23 half

1 And......employed, " employing......"—2 goes about the country, parcourt la campagne-3 to instruct them rightly in the tunes of the......, pour leur enseigner à chanter les......en mesure- upon which, etc...... themselves, et aujourd'hui ils se flattent de s'y connaître-5 and indeed outdo most......that I have ever heard, et le fait est qu'ils surpassent la plupart......où j'aie jamais entendu chanter-6 to, de-7 "all the"-8 he keeps them in very good order, il y maintient le bon ordre-9 and will, etc......himself, et ne veut laisser (or: il entend ne laisser) dormir personne à l'église que luimême-10 he has been surprised into, il s'est laissé aller à- -11 a short nap, un léger somme (or: sommeiller)-12" at the"-13 upon recovering out of it, en se réveillant-11 he stands up, il se lève-15 about, autour de 16 anybody else nodding, d'autres personnes qui s'endorment-17 either, better left out, as too emphatic in French here-18 "he wakes"-19 to them, "to wake them"-20 particularities, bizarreries-21 break out upon, éclatent dans-22 sometimes, c'est ainsi que parfois-23 a verse in the singing Psalms, un couplet en chantant les Psaumes.

• Sometimes he will be lengthening out. This construction does not imply the future, nor has it anything in common with the use of will as a distinct verb, as explained in note ", p. 1, but it is a graphic way of expressing a peculiar habit of a person. The same construction is used in French, although but rarely, and we may therefore say here either: "Il allonge parfois," or "il allongera parfois," or, again, “il lui arrivera parfois d'allonger."

In a like manner, this construction: He would often remark that,

SIR ROGER DE COVERLEY IN CHURCH.

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a minute after the rest of the congregation have done with it; 2 sometimes,3 when he is pleased with the matter of his devotion, he pronounces Amen three or four times to the same prayer, and sometimes stands up when everybody else is upon his knees to count the congregation, or see if any of his tenants are missing. 10

I was 11 yesterday very much 12 surprised to hear my old friend, in the midst of the service, calling out" to one 13 John Mathews to mind what he was about,14 and not disturb the congregation. This John Mathews, it seems,15 is remarkable for being an idle fellow,16 and at that time was kicking his heels for his diversion.17 This authority of the knight, though exerted in 18 that odd manner which accompanies him in all circum

1 After, après que—2 have done with it, a fini (see note a, p. 10)— 3 sometimes, d'autres fois- with the matter of his devotion, du sujet de ses dévotions-5 to, à la fin de-6 and sometimes, ou bien encore (i. e. or again)—7 "he stands up"-8 when everybody else is upon his knees, quand tous les autres sont agenouillés-9 any, quelques-uns10 missing, "absent"-11 see note ", p. 32-12 very much, simply: "much"-13 one, un certain-14 to mind what he was about, de prendre garde à lui—13 it seems, à ce qu'il paraît—16 is remarkable for being an idle fellow, se fait remarquer comme un fainéant— 17 and at, etc......diversion, et il était alors en train de s'amuser à se cogner les talons l'un contre l'autre-18 in, de.

etc., does not imply the conditional, nor is would used here as a separate verb (see note a, p. 1), but it is an Anglicism, and stands for: he was wont to remark, etc. This construction, however, does not exist in French, and the imperfect of the indicative should be used: il remarquait souvent que, etc.

a Calling out, crier (not: criant) tout haut.-Notice the difference of tense. After the verbs "to see," "to feel," and "to hear," the second verb is put in the present participle in English or in the present infinitive, according as the fact is mentioned in a more or less direct and precise way. But the corresponding verbs "voir," "sentir," "" entendre," require the infinitive, or some tense of the indicative construed with the pronoun qui. Ex.: I saw him run or running, "je l'ai vu courir" (not: "courant "), or, "qui courait the latter being more precise.

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stances of life, has a very good effect upon the parish, who are not polite enough to see anything 5 ridiculous in his behaviour; besides that the 7 6 general good sense and worthiness of his character 8 make his friends observe these little singularities. as foils,10 that rather set off than blemish his good qualities.11

As soon as the sermon is finished 12 nobody presumes to stir till Sir Roger is gone out 13 of the church. The knight walks down from his seat in the chancel 14 between a double row 15 of his tenants, that stand bowing to him on each side; 16 and every now and then 17 inquires how such a one's wife, or mother, or son, or father do,18 whom he does not see at church; which is

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1 In all circumstances of life, en tout et partout-2 has, produitupon the parish, sur les gens de la paroisse-4 "not enough polite (civilisés)" to see anything, pour rien voir-6 besides that, d'ailleurs-7 the, "his"-8 worthiness of his character, son excellent naturel-9 make, font que-10 observe......as foils, ne voient dans

...que des ombres-that rather, etc.. ...qualities, qui, loin de ternir ses bonnes qualités, les mettent plutôt en relief-12 as soon as the sermon is finished, le sermon fini-13 presumes to stir till Sir R. has gone out, ne se hasarde à bouger, que sir R. ne soit sorti (see note ", p. 35)-14 the knight, etc......chancel, du siége qu'il occupe dans le chœur le chevalier descend la nef (or simply: descend)— 15 between a double row, must be changed into: "between two rows" -16 that, etc......on each side, qui, debout, s'inclinent tous sur son passage- -17 every now and then, " from time to (en) time"-18 inquires, etc......father do, literally: "he inquires about (de) the health of the wife of such or such, or of his mother, or of his son, or of his father."

a Ridiculous, de ridicule.-The preposition de must always be used before an adjective or participle preceded by rien, quelque chose, quoi, quoi que ce soit, or quoi que ce fût (“ anything"), or by personne, aucun, quelqu'un.

Which, ce qui.—Whenever "which" does not relate to any particular word as its antecedent, but to a whole proposition, that is, to the fact mentioned therein; in other words, whenever it stands for a thing which," "a fact which," or "a remark which," it must be rendered by ce qui, and not qui, if in the nominative case, and by ce que, and not que, if in the accusative.

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OUTSIDE THE DILIGENCE.

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understood as a secret reprimand 2 to the person that

is absent.

ADDISON.

OUTSIDE THE DILIGENCE.3

Throughout my tour I was generally fortunate in my companions of travel. If I could not laugh with them, I could laugh at them. On this occasion 8 my fellow-traveller was a most agreeable and intelligent 9 Breton gentleman.10 I learned, partly from his conversation and partly from 11 the host 12 at Auray, that having begun life 13 with a moderate competence,14 he had become 15 a 16 timber merchant, and was now one of the richest men in 17 the province. He certainly deserved to succeed, for I never saw 18 a man so anxious to please. Every one 19 seemed to know him, and he took off his hat as scrupulously to the peasant returning 20 from his work, as to the gentlemen who passed us in their gigs. He was as polite to 21 M. F—, the conducteur, as if M. F had been his equal. His fine intelligent face and flowing beard had prepossessed me in his favour, and his conversation confirmed 22 good opinion. He knew many Englishmen, and was about to 23 send his two sons to school 24 in England.

my

1 Is understood, s'entend (see note a, p. 50)—2 “as an indirect reproach."

3 Outside the diligence, sur l'impériale-4 throughout my tour, pendant tout mon voyage-5 travel, route-6 see note, p. 42-7 at them, à leurs dépens-8 on this occasion, cette fois-9" and most intelligent"-10 gentleman, monsieur (not: gentilhomme)-11 partly from......and partly from, moitié par...... moitié de-12 host, maître d'hôtel-13 life, sa carrière-14 a moderate competence, une honnête aisance-15 he was (imperf.) become"-16 a, to be left out-17 see note a, p. 44-18 see note ", p. 32-19 every one, tout le monde— returning, qui revenait-21 to, envers― confirmed, me confirma dans-23 and was about to, et il était sur le point de (or: à la veille de)-24 to school, en pension.

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I1 recommended Eton, but he reminded me that Bretons were Catholics, and that he must therefore look out for some Catholic School. This brought out from M. F, the conducteur, a story of a couple of English school-boys who had travelled with him two or three days before. They were asking him the French for different things 5 on the road. Presently a flock 7 of geese appeared, and they wanted to 10 know their French name.' 11 M. F told them that geese were

called 12 des Anglais; for,18 said he to me, you know they hiss and gabble like people talking English. The boys 14 said nothing; but on 15 seeing a pig by the roadside,16 they asked M. F how that was called. He replied, "un cochon." "Ah," said one of the boys, "in England we call those animals conducteurs." To do M. F—— justice,17 he enjoyed the retort 18 quite as much 19 as the boys,20 though it was made at his own expense.

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JEPHSON, "A Walking Tour in Brittany."

1 I, je lui- he must therefore look out for, il lui fallait par conséquent chercher 3 this brought out from.. a story, ceci amena ..à nous conter une histoire- for, "of "-5 things, objets— put a mere comma here instead of the full stop, and change presently into "when"—7 flock, bande-3 appeared, vint à paraître9 put a full stop here, leaving out and 10 and they wanted to, ils voulurent-11 French name, nom en français-12 were called, s'appelaient (see note a, p. 50)-13 for, et en effet-14 the boys, nos deux garçons-15 on, "in"-16 by the road-side, au bord de la route17 to do.....justice, pour rendre justice à......-18 he enjoyed the retort, il goûta la repartie (or: la repartie l'amusa)-19 quite as much, tout autant-20 the boys, les deux écoliers-21 at his own expense, ses dépens.

a Un couple d'écoliers.-The word couple is masculine here, because it does not mean simply two school-boys, but it refers to them as acting in concert and forming for the time, so to speak, one party.

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