FORMATION

OF THE

MOODS AND TENSES.

MOODS' AND

ACTIVE VOICE.

Every regular Verb has six principal parts, in the active voice, from which all the moods, and tenses are formed: viz. (69)

1. The imperative; as, buail, strike; crom, bend.

2. The infinitive, usually formed by adding ad, to the imperative, if the last vowel is broad; ead, if small; as, do buailead, or do Bualad, to strike; do cromad, to bend. (70)

3. The present, formed by adding im, or am, to the imperative; as, buailim, Istrike; cromam,

I bend.

4. The preter,, formed by adding as, is, or eas, to the imperative; as, do buaileas, I struck; do cromas, I bent.

5. The future, formed by adding ad, ead, or id; fad, fead, or fid, to the imperative; as, buailfead, I will strike; cromfad, I will bend. (71)

6 The consuetudinal, subjunctive, formed by adding fann, fuinn, or finn, to the imperative; as, da mbuailfinn, had I struck; da geromfuinn, had I bent. (72)

Regular

Regular verbs are therefore conjugated through the primary tenses active, in this manner;

1

Buail, do bualad, buailim, do buaileas, buailfead, da mbuailfinn, strike.

Bris, do brisead, brisim, do briseas, brisfead, da mbrisfinn, break.

Cas, do casad, casam, do casas, casfad, da gcasfuinn, twist.

Ceap, do ceapad, ceapam, do ceapas, ceapfad, da gceapfuinn, shape, or fit.

Agall, d' agallad, agallam, d' agallas, agallfad, da nagallfuinn, accost.

Baist, do baistead, baistim, do baisteas, baistfead, da mbaistfinn, baptize.

Arduig, d' arduġad, arduigim, d' arduigeas, airdeocfad, da nairdeoċtuinn, raise,

Cruinnig, do cruinniugad, cruinnigim, do čruinnigeas, cruinneoċfad, do gcruinneocfuinn, gather. In this manner conjugate,

biog,--biogad, stir up

glac,--glacad, take

buaidir, -buaidread, trou-glan,--glanad, clean

ble

gleas,--gleasad,

coraig,--ċorugad, stir

goraig, --gorad, warm

cèas,--ċèasad, torment

greamuig, ---greamugad,

cior,--ciorad, comb

fasten

claon,--ċlaonad, lamentiarr, -iarraig, search or ask

druid,--druidead, shut las,--lasad, burn

dùn,--dùnad, make fast

lom,--lomad, make thin

duisg,--duisgead, awaken

or bare

ding,--dingead, drive

lion,--lionad, fill

dog,--dogad, burn

diult,--diultad, refuse

leag,--leagad, lay down leag,--leagad, read

meall,

meall,--meallad, deceive searg,--seargad, wither

sgab,--sgabad, seatter
sat,--satad, stab
saor,--saorad, deliver

samail, -samalad, compare

Many verbs have the

infinitive and imperative alike; and in some the imperative can only be distinguished from the infinitive, by having a small vowel in the termination. In all other parts they are conjugated regularly; as, (75)

Diol, do diol, diolam, do diolas, diolfad, da ndiolfuinn, sell or pay.

Cuir, do cur, cuirim, do cuireas, cuirfead, da gcuirfinn, send or put.

The following is a list of the most usual.

bruit, do bruit, boil

amairc,--amare, look cosg,--cosm, quell

airis,--airis, tell

crinn,--ċrinn, gnaw
diul,--diul, suck···

eag,

luid, --luide, lie

nig,--nige, wash

meas,--meas, esteem

ol,--ol, drink

toirmesg, --- toirmeasg, forbid

tocuis, --toċus, scratch sgrios,--sgrios, destroy

These form the infinitive in 7, viz.

admuiġ, d'admail, con- | fag,--fagbail, leave

The loving have the infinitive-in t; viz.

ail, d'aileamuin, nourish imtiġ,--imteaċt, go

blig,--bliagan, milk

geall,--geallamuin, pro- seas,--seasam, stand

mise

innis,--innse, tell

eist--eisteaċt, hear

gair,--gairm, call

sinn,--sinim, play music

gluas,---ġluasaċd, move.

(74)

PASSIVE VOICE.

Every regular verb has five principal parts, in the passive voice, viz.

1. The participle, formed by adding ta, or te to the imperative, active; as, buail, strike, buailte, struck; cas, twist, casta, twisted.

2. The imperative and the present, formed by adding tar, or tear to the imperative; as, buailtear, be struck, or I am struck; castar, I am twisted.

3. The preter, formed by adding ad or cad to the imperative active; as, do buailead, I was struck; do casad, I was twisted.

4. The future, formed by adding ar or ear, far or fear to the imperative active; as, buailfear, I shall be struck; casfar, I will be twisted.

5. The preter subjunctive, formed by adding faoidh, or fidh to the imperative active; as, da mbuailid, if I had been struck; da gcasfaoid, if I had been twisted.

Regular