has been republished in Great Britain, and large portions of it in numerous publications, in this, and other countries. It is spoken of, in the English papers, as "one of the most cheering and extraordinary documents which has ever appeared, in any age or country." "It would seem, they say, as if Great Britain were following, in some humble measure, the noble example of our transatlantic brethren and the provinces are rising up, en masse, in favor of Temperance Societies."

The editor of the English Temperance Magazine and Review says, "We have before us the Fourth Report of the American Temperance Society; and certainly, it has seldom fallen to our lot to peruse a more important and deeply interesting publication. We look at the facts which it adduces, and the results which it exhibits of exertions made in the cause of Temperance, and we are compelled, on a careful examination, to come to the conclusion that the enemy of Temperance Societies is the enemy of man. He may be so ignorantly; he may be so unwittingly; he may be so under the impression that Temperance Societies are the fruit of enthusiasm, and that there is no harm in drinking a little; still we repeat it, he is the enemy of man; and he is an opponent of one of the grandest practical schemes which has ever been devised for the promotion of human comfort and happiness."

"The Lord Chancellor from his place on the wool-sack denounced gin-drinking as an evil so extensive that if any thing could prevail on him to abandon his principles of free trade, it would be the desire to put down the free trade in ardent spirit. We cannot help thinking that the old world is under deep obligation to America for the developement of the principles of Temperance Societies; and now that they have been introduced and with success into Great Britain, we trust that we shall not be stack, as Englishmen, in acknowledging our obligations. We know that there has been a feeling in this country against every thing American, but we trust and believe that that day has gone by, never to return. Let us emulate them in this good work, and may the alacrity with which we follow in their footsteps excite them to persevere till the cope-stone of the building is brought forth with joy. We warmly recommend this Report to any individual who wishes to be correctly informed on the subject on which it treats. To Temperance Societies and the friends of temperance it cannot fail of proving highly interesting; and if they peruse it with the same feelings which we have done, they will rise from the perusal more firmly determined than ever, to go on with the work which they have begun, and in the strength of God, not to give in, till death sounds the retreat."

The Temperance Society Record, printed at Glasgow in Scotland, says, "It is a work which will be read with deep interest by

those who rejoice in seeing suffering humanity delivered from such a desolating scourge; and its numerous facts and solemn appeals cannot fail to produce in the minds of those who give it an attentive perusal sentiments favorable to Temperance Societies."

A gentleman writes from the island of Malta, "The Fourth Report of the American Temperance Society is doing great good here. One of the Judges to whom I lent it is delighted with it." Another gentleman says, "Give to that Report a universal circulation, and it will accomplish the object. The facts and reasoning cannot be resisted."

In June last, through the distinguished liberality of a friend of this cause, our late agent the Rev. Dr. Hewit visited England. He was received with great kindness, and his labors were crowned with signal success. A meeting in London, of the friends of Temperance, was appointed previous to his arrival, for the purpose of forming a London Temperance Society. That meeting he was enabled to attend; and his communications added greatly to the interest of the occasion. Persons were present not only from the metropolis, but from various parts of England, Ireland, and Scotland, and a London Temperance Society was formed. The impression was so strong, the need and practicability of a Temperance Reform so obvious, and the benefits, which, should it become universal, it would confer on the world, were so numerous and important, that at a subsequent meeting, by the desire of Dr. Hewit and others they enlarged the object of the society and also its name. "The London Temperance Society" was changed to the "British and Foreign Temperance Society" for the purpose of extending its blessings throughout the kingdom and throughout the world. Should they continue to act in accordance with their high privileges, their great responsibility and their distinguished name, and with the success, which, through the divine kindness, may be expected in that case to attend their exertions, this event will form an era in the history of the Temperance Re formation. In addition to other efficient measures, the friends of the object have established in London two monthly periodicals, viz. The British and Foreign Temperance Herald, 27,000 copies of which have been published, and the Temperance Magazine and Review. One is a dudecimo, and the other an octavo, and both are to be devoted to this great cause: there are also two monthly publications, viz. The Temperance Society Record, published in Scotland; and the Temperance Advocate, published in Ireland; besides various other publications of different forms, devoted to this object in different parts of the kingdom. The number of

copies which have been published during the year amounts to more than a million.

Mr. Carr, of Ireland, and Mr. Cruikshank, of Scotland, have been employed as agents; more than two hundred meetings have been held, and numerous Temperance Societies formed in various parts of the kingdom. More than a hundred thousand are now embodied in Great Britain, on the plan of abstinence from the use of ardent spirit; and among them are 400 veteran British seamen, inmates of Greenwich Hospital, under the auspices of the distinguished naval officers who govern that institution.

*

Dr. Hewit also visited France, and would have gone to Ireland and Scotland had not providential afflictions in his family hastened his return.* But although his stay was shorter than was desired by the friends of Temperance, both in this country and in England, we would gratefully acknowledge the kindness of Providence in his preservation, and in the good which he was enabled to accomplish; and indulge the hope that the benefits will be felt to all future time.

We view it as a great favor, and hail it as a token for good, that a system of effort to abolish the use of ardent spirit, and the traffic in it, was devised and adopted previously to the appearance in Europe of that direful malady the Cholera, nine tenths of whose victims are those who indulge in strong drink. And we hope that it will be borne in mind, that the men who use ardent spirit, and especially the men who furnish it for the use of others, are inviting the ravages, and preparing the victims of that fatal disease. Nor will they be guiltless, should it never visit the places in which they live; for other diseases in great numbers, and with multitudes equally fatal, are infallibly produced by it. In one of our cities, half the men over 18 years of age, who died in 1828, according to the testimony of the physicians, were killed by it. And those physicians, remark, "When we recollect that even the temperate use, as it is called, of ardent spirits lays the foundation of a numerous train of incurable maladies, we feel justified in expressing the belief, that were the use of distilled liquors entirely discontinued, the number of deaths among the male adults would be diminished in our city at least one half." What would be thought of the men who, for the sake of money, should directly sell disease? would it not be viewed as an immorality of a high and aggravated character; as a sin, continuance in which would be utterly inconsistent with christian character? and is it not as really immoral, as really a crime, to sell the known cause of disease, as it would be to sell disease itself? What would be thought

* Rebecca Hewit, daughter of Rev. Nathaniel Hewit, D. D., died at New Heven, Conn., July 30th, 1831.

of the man who should knowingly and deliberately sell death; and in such quantity as to double the tenants of the grave-yard? What ought to be thought of him? And is it not as really wicked for men to sell the known cause of death; and when survivors raise, in loud and solemn tone, the note of remonstrance, are they to be put off, with the supremely contemptible reply, If we should not sell this, we could not sell so many other things?-or, we must change our business?—or, we could not support our families?—or, if we do not do it, somebody else will? Suppose somebody would import plague, if you should not; and in that case could sell more of some kinds of goods, which he had on hand, than if he did not; and should give this as the reason why he must do it; would that screen you from the indignation of a suffering community, or the retributions of a righteous God, if for a similar reason you should do it? What would be thought of an apothecary who should import pestilence, or wake up fever, because if he did not do it, he could not sell so many medicines, and perhaps must change his business? What would be thought of the merchant who should do this in order to sell a greater quantity of mourning apparel. Suppose an apothecary, instead of being confined to one branch of business, sells both drugs and cloths; and also sells indiscriminately, to all who will buy arsenic or opium; though he knows that it kills men by thousands. And when an injured community rise up and remonstrate, array against him the tears of widows, and the groans of orphans, he says, "If I should not sell arsenic I could not sell so many graveclothes; and as my family depend upon my business for a living, I must destroy other families, to support my own." And suppose it were told in heaven, that such a man professed to be a friend of the Lord Jesus Christ, and that he cried daily, "Glory to God in the highest, good will to men," would they not quake in view of the indignation, and wrath, and tribulation, and anguish which would fasten upon him, when the earth discloses her blood, and no more covers her slain; but the God of the widow, and the father of the fatherless proclaims in actions, "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith Jehovah?"

When the nature of this business is duly considered and its invariable effects; when its consequences are viewed in the light of eternity, we cannot but think that every man who has the spirit of Jesus Christ will renounce it, as a business at war with Jehovah, and with the temporal and eternal interests of men. The idea of making property by a business so destructive, is revolting. even to humanity, and will ere long be reprobated as a high-handed offence throughout the world. Says an eminent European writer,* "The abolition of the slave trade is deservedly considered * Professor Edgar.

the glory of modern times; yet neither in the evils to be removed, in the opposition of difficulties to be encountered, or in the amount of good done, is the abolition of the slave trade to be once named in comparison of the Temperance Reformation."

And, says another distinguished writer,* "Hard must be the heart that bleeds not, cruel indeed the nature that weeps not, while surveying the emaciation of body, the bloated ghastliness of countenance, the paralization of nerve, the poverty, and consequent meanness, that slowly, it may be, yet surely creeps on their constant customers; and their consciences must be callous indeed if they permit them without loud, tormenting, and reiterated accusation, without awful forebodings of future retribution, and fearful lookings for of fiery indignation, daily to observe, and hourly to promote in their victims, the gradual prostration of intellect, the destruction of honor, the obliteration of shame, the forgetfulness of religious obligation and even of common honesty, the loss of delicate feeling, the withering of reputation, the insensibility to character in a word, the destruction of the men, and their transformation, first into brutes, and then into fiends, which is the constant and palpable effect produced in their hell-assisting manufactories.

"Every man, as a patriot, is bound to employ himself in a manner that will promote the welfare of his country; but I assert, without fear of successful contradiction, that the spirit trade is the greatest bane to our country, but especially to its poor, that at present does, or probably ever did exist: it kills more people than any war in which we ever were engaged: it destroys more of the industry and consequent wealth of our country than all the other evils under which we labour; and as it respects crime, it may be called Legion, for it either embodies in itself, or drags in its haggard and desolating train, every abomination which is tarnishing the fair page of our history, and blasting our yet lofty national character; in the dens of intemperance almost every crime is devised; by the brutifying stimulus of intoxicating liquor almost every crime is perpetrated; and, oh! you who are employed in spreading liquid madness, with its attendants, misery, blasphemy, and iniquity, tremble while you hear it, by your agency our age and nation groans under the shameful burden of such cruel monstrosities, of such heartless and mercenary murders, as have been perpetrated by a Burke, a Hare, a Bishop, a Williams, a Stewart, the Gilmerton Carters, and others of infamous memory: while, through the preparation of liquid fire, some of you are exalted to roll along in your carriages, and by your boastful mottos insult

* Cruikshank's Address on the spirit trade, British Temperance Magazine and Review, p. 103.