AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. Anderson's Songs and Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect. Blamire (Miss): Poetical Works. 1842. Boucher (Rev. Jonathan): Glossary of Archaic and Provincial Words. 1832-3. Brockett's Glossary of North Country Words. 1846. Chaucer's Poetical Works. Clark (Ewan): Miscellaneous Poems. 1779. Clarke's Survey of the Lakes. 1787. Dyer's Ancient Modes of Bestowing Names on the Rivers, Hills, &c., 1805. Dialect of Craven. 2 vols. 1828. Ferguson (Robert): Dialect of Cumberland. 1873. Gibson, A. C.: Folk-Speech of Cumberland. 1869. Grose's Provincial Glossary, 1811; and Supplement, 1814. Halliwell's Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words. 1855. Hutchinson's History of the County of Cumberland. Lonsdale, Mark: Th' Upshot. 1780. Lonsdale (Dr): Worthies of Cumberland. Mackenzie. Matchell's MS. 1794. Nicolson, Bishop: Miscellany Accounts of the Diocese of Carlisle. 1877. Peacock's Lonsdale Glossary. 1869. Powley (Miss): Echoes of Old Cumberland. 1876. Ray's Glossary. Rayson (John): Poems and Songs in the Cumberland Dialect. 1830. Richardson (John): Cummerland Mak' o'talk. 1871 and 1876. Relph (Rev. Josiah): Poems. Songs and Ballads of Cumberland (Gilpin of Carlisle). 1846 and 1874. Spenser's Poetical Works. Stagg (John): Miscellaneous Poems. 1804. Sullivan, J.: Cumberland and Westmorland, Ancient and Modern, 1857. Toone's Glossary and Etymological Dictionary. 1832. Turner (Sharon): Works. Verstegan (Richard): Restitution of Decayed Intelligence in Antiquities. 1634. Williamson's Local Etymology. Carlisle, 1849. THE WORDS OF OALD CUMMERLAN'. YA neet aa was takkan a rist an' a smeùkk, Aa boddert my brains thinkan some o' them ower, It turnt oot three-corner't, cantankeras wark, John Dixon, o' Whitt'en, poo't oot ov his kist, An' rayder ner enny reet word sud be mist Yan wad ratch ivry neùkk ov oald Cummerlan'. Than Deàvvy fray Steàppleton hitcht in a lock, Friend Rannelson offer't his beùkks, an' o't' rest (O man! bit he's full ov oald stories-the best); Aa teùkk am at word, an' aa harry't his nest Ov oald-farrant words ov oald Cummerlan'. Than naybers an' friends browt words in sa fast, Than, who can e'er read it-can enny yan tell ? Afoor yan can read its oald Cummerlan'? Workington, July 15th, 1859. GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF CUMBERLAND. [The letter G. denotes the word or phrase to be in use generally over the county; the letter c, indicates the use in the central parts; E.C. in the east-central; N.w. Abbey Holme and upper shores of the Solway Frith; s.w. south-west; and E. and N.E. in the east and north-east.] He ages Aa, G. I, pronounced as in harm. | Age, c., Yage, N. to grow old. Aback o' beyont, G. no where, lost in the distance. Whoar t' meer fwoal't t' fidler.' A-bed, G. in bed. Abeùnn, c., Abooan, s. w., Aboon, N.E. above. Abeùnn wid his sel, c. rejoicing beyond reasonable control. Abide, c., s.w. to bear, stay, remain, suffer, withstand. "I caa-n't abide sek wark.' Abreed, Abraid, c. extended, spread. Ac, G. to heed. See Neer ak. Acram, N.E. a sort of ancient Border judicature wherein a person (plaintiff or defendant) lay bound till his champion's victory or fall in combat determined his fate, to death or freedom.-Bp. Nicolson. Ageann, C., N., Again, s.w. again, against, before. 'Tom ageann t' field.' Ageann t'hand, c. inconveniently placed, interfering with progress. Ageàtt, G. going, on the way, on foot again, progressing. Aglet, Tag, c., s. w., Tiglet, N. the metalled end of a boot-lace, &c. Agreeable, G. assenting to. Ahint, Behint, G. behind. Aim, c. to intend, to purpose. 'He aims to be a gentleman.' Airs, c. humours. He's in his airs to-day-out of humour. Airy, G. breezy. 'It's rayder A-jar, G. partly open. airy to-day.' A-jye, G. on one side, awry, lique. A-lag, N.E. a term used in calling geese together. ob Alang, Lang, G. along. 'It was o' alang o' Dick.' Aleb'm, c., s.w., Aleeven, N. eleven. Allan, G. a bit of land nearly sur- 'She's still a-loddin.' Alongst, c. along. Used in old deeds. And fet water as hem was nede, Rom. of Octavian Imp. Anters, N.w., Ananters, E. in case (? perhaps). Or anters in yon mouldering heap.'-Stagg's Poems. Am, G. him. 'Catch am, an' hod April gowk, April noddy, c., am, an' whack am weel.' Amackily, G. in some fashion, partly. Amang hands, G. among other things. Ameast, c., s. w., Ameeast, N. almost. Amess, c. a kind of oath; a note of verification. 'Amess it is.' Amiss, G. used in a slight (negative) approval. It's nut seah far amiss.' Amry, Aumry, N.E. a cupboard, or place where victuals and sometimes plate and other valuables are kept. Nearly obsolete. An, G. ing as a terminative is pronounced an. Rising, risan', &c. Anenst, c., s.w., Fornenst, N.E. opposite to; over against. Anemst in some old writings. Aneùff, c., Anoo, s. w., Aneùgh, N.E. enough (as relating to quantity). Anew, G. enough (as relating to number). Ang nails, c., Ang-er nails, N. jags round the nails; nails grown into the flesh. Angry, G. inflamed and painful. An' o', G. also, and all, too. 'We'd breed an' butter, an' cheese an' o', an' o' maks o' drink.' April feùll, N., April fool. This term is provincial, but the application is of wider extent. Arbitry, c. arbitrary. Applied to manorial customs. Arch whol, c., Slit whol, s.W., Bowel whol, N. a vent-hole in the wall of a barn, &c. Ard, aird, N.E. high.(?) Boucher says, in his Glossary: 'It is, however, in Cumberland only that I happen to have heard the term used abstractedly, to describe the quality of a place, a country, or a field; thus, ard land means a dry, parched, arid soil, which no doubt is but its secondary sense, such lands being dry, parched, &c., only because they lie high.' I never heard the term in Cumberland. [I think Boucher is wrong.-W. W. S.] Argify, G. to debate. Argy, G. argue, signify. 'It doesn't argy'-it does not signify. Ark, G., Airk, N. a chest, as meal ark, &c. Armin chair, G. an arm-chair, or elbow-chair. Arr, c., s.w., Err, N. a scar from a wound, a cicatrice. Arridge, G. an angular edge. a cart. Anonder, In anonder, G. under; Arse-breed, G. a contemptible beneath. "Ten schypmen to lond yede, To see the yle in length and brede, width or extent. 'His heall land 's nobbet a arse-breed.' Arse-smart, c. the Pepperwort plant-Polygonum Hydropiper. ̧ Arsewurts, G. backwards. An early Methodist preacher in Workington used to enlighten his hearers with 'Aa wad as seùnn expect a swine to gang arsewurts up a tree and whissle like a throssle, as a rich man to git to heaven.' Art, c., s.w., Airt, N. point of the compass; quarter. Arvel breed, N. bread prepared for a funeral. Arvel also relates to other funeral matters. As how, c. that. 'He said as how he wad nivver gang near them.' Aside, c. beside; near to. 'Parton aside Whitten.' Ask, G. the lizard or newt. A-slew, Aswint, G. one-sided; out of truth; diagonal, As-ley, E. as asly'; as willingly; as soon that way as the other. A-spar, G. wide apart. He set his feet a-spar.' A-spole, c. asplay; wide asunder -in reference to the feet. Ass, G. ashes. Ass, Ax, C., Aas, N., E., S.W., ask; inquire. Assel-teuth, G. one of the grinders or molars. Assel-tree, G. axle-tree. Ass-grate, c. a grating through which ashes pass from the fire into a sunken cell. Ass-trug, c., s.w., Ass-beurd, N. ashes box. Asteed, G. instead. A-swint, G. aslant. At, s.w., and some fell-dales, to. 'I's gaan at git my poddish.' Rarely heard. 'At is àa, 'At is e, G. that I am. 'Aa's cum to advise tha, 'at is e.' -Anderson. Aydlins, c., Adlins, s. w., Etlins, Ayga, c., s.w., Yigga, N. ague. Aywas, C., N. anywise, always. Bäal, Baald, N. bold, impudent. Babblement, G. silly discourse. Babby lakins, G. children's playthings. Bachelor buttons, c. the double white or yellow ranunculus. Back-boord, G. a board to roll dough upon; a bake board. Back-bred, G. bred late in the |