Ta naoi gciñ déag 4 fitead. Cuingir ċapall seirriże. Da seafaiż biż. Tri caoiriz dÉAG He has thirty-nine. Three (stomachs of) road horses. A yoke of plough horses. Two young oxen. Two young heifers. Thirteen sheep. Seact nuan, agus aon sean Seven lambs, and one old mare. lair. Ca méad daoine cloiñe ag How many children has your hadair ? Ta mór reisiur cloiñe aige. Ta ceatrar clañ mac, agur Gać uile la sa mbliadain. father P He has seven children. He has four sons and three Every day in the year. Do seaċain se gaċ uile droċ He shunned every bad man. duine. PRONOUNS. PERSONAL. (117.) 1. Personal pronouns agree in number, gender, and person, with the nouns to which they refer; as, ir mór na daoine iad, they are great men. 2. If a sentence be in place of the antecedent, the pronoun is in the third person singular, masculine; as, an grian a faiceál is aobin é, to see the sun is pleasant. 3. If two or more persons or things be spoken of in a sentence, the pronoun will agree with the first person rather than the second, and with the second person rather than the third; as, ċuajó tusa agus misi go Báilęż cljaż, agus bi siñ añ o beáltine go dti an lużnosa, you and I went to Dublin, and we were there from May until August. 4. The pronouns se, si, siñ, sib, siad, are commonly used in the nominative; and é, 1, 1b, 140, in the accusative; as, do buail siñ iad, we struck them; do buail siád iñ, they struck us. * E, I, iñ, iad, are used in the nominative after an, ba, as, ca, naċ, gurab, creud ; as, naċ iadsin na daoine ? are not these the men ar, e so, or 'se so an la, this is the day. (118.) 5. The datives of the personal pronouns may be aspirated or not, as shall sound most smoothly. But after 1,, or ʊ, they are never aspirated; as, is fearr dust, or dust, it is better for you; is miañ dam, I desire. THE CONSTRUCTION OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS EMPLIFIED. Tabą daṁ an leine żlan. PROMISCUOUSLY EX Give me the clean shirt. woman. Is trom an cloċ í, is fuar an It is a heavy stone, it is a cold morning. maidin í. Chuaid se cum a dunaiż tujte He went to his country house. Is gasún droċṁuinte é. Ta se na zasún brociumte.} He is a naughty boy. droċṁuinte. Ta me fóżlaim mo leiġion. I am learning my lesson. My brother and I will go to the He found it under his feet. Morán saotar 4 beagán bid Much labour and little meat. ṁearaid me. Bás na gcarad se buaidir sa The death of my friends is what troubles and distresses me. hear each day every person airis, gur fainniżeaċ cás saying, that your soft hair is in ringlets. Se a cluinim gaċ la ag caċ da I do cul tais. A beid am aonar indiaiż To be alone after all, is what ċajċ se a dfág me a noċt has left me this night in sor 40) Брб. (119.) Go de a clog é ? Ta se an do, &c. row. What o'clock is it? It is two, &c. Ta se let u4 in diaiż an do. It is half after two. Is aoibin an aimsir í. Bhi se gruama air maidin, Raib tu jaṁ 4 *4ge ? It is delightful weather. It was gloomy in the morning. POSSESSIVE. 1. The possessive pronouns mo, do, 4, 4, and bur, are always placed before their nouns; as, mo ceañ, my head ; do cor, thy foot. 2. Mo, do, and 4, his, aspirate their substantives; as, mojort, my corn; do rón, thy nose; a ceañ, his head;* but a ceañ, her head. 3. Mo before F, or a vowel, loses o; as, manam, my soul; m'eol, my flesh. Do before a vowel, is changed into h; before 3, into, or ; as, hanam, thy soul; d'feoil, or 'feoil, thy flesh. A, her, prefixes h to the following vowel; as, a hanam, her soul. 4. An, bun, and a their, eclipse the following consonant, except ; and prefix n to the following vowel; as, 4 nat4, our father; 4014, their God; bur nuaṁan, your terror. 5. For the manner in which the possessive pronouns are combined with le, ua, do, and añ; see page 35. To which add fam, fad, fan, and Fa compound of fan, about, and mo, do, 4, and 4; in which manner they are used before vowels, and sometimes before aspirated consonants; as, lem 4e, with my care; led toil, your will. THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS PROMISCUOUSLY EXEMPLIFIED. A bfaca tu mo żardasa ? Did you see my garden Tar hom go bfeicfe tu mo Come with me until you see my lubjont. Déan ar mo sonsa é. Ca bfuil do lębą ? Go de dintis à cuidpeñad. Bhfuil dúil agad a dul fa na noen ? Ta m'atą ir mo matą tiñ. Do bris an capall a frian sa ajastar. Bheara re air sib do dútuiz Ar nażą a ta 4 neaṁ. garden. Do it for my sake. them ? My father and mother are sick. He shall bring you again to the Bfhyl sib a traċt fam atąse. Are you talking of my father? RELATIVE. 1. The relative agrees with its antecedent; as, an té a big, the person who comes. 2. When 4 is used to denote the owner or possessor of any thing, it takes ɲ, as, an fęr 4 leis ¿u, the man to whom you belong. Which, compounded with do, makes dar; as, an feau dar céile tu, the person whose wife you are. With oo and ba, it makes darab, or darb; as, bean darb ainm Maire, a woman whose name was Mary With le, it makes ler; as, ce be ler mian, whoever has a desire. With le, and ba, it makes leɲb; as, ce be lerb aill, whoever had a wish. 3. As the relative always comes before the verb, and has no inflexion, it must be determined by the verb itself, or the noun following, whether the relative denotes the agent or the object; as, an fer a buailim, the man whom I strike; an fear a buailear me, the man who strikes me 4. The relative is often omitted, when it is either preceded or followed by a vowel, or an aspirated consonant; as, an giolla tug an zemrán léir, the boy that brought the horse with him; an fear ólas an cead deoċ, the man who takes the first drink; bud sioñać bi añ, it was a fox that was there. THE CONSTRUCTION OF RELATIVE PRONOUNS PROMISCUOUSLY EX The man by whom I was struck. to you. Is this the new hat that you I know the man with whom you A dear friend, in whom I place I know of what you are think- Happy is the man who possesses INTERROGATIVE. 1. The interrogative pronouns cja, ce, c), and c14 agree with their objects or respondents, in gender, and number, as, cia, or ce an fear? who is the man? duine uasal, a gentleman; ci fein; who is she? baintiżearna, a lady; cjad? who are they? daoine móra, great men. 2. The neuter verb is never expressed with the interrogative pronoun; as, cia misi ? who am I? 3. The interrogatives always precede the verb or preposition by which they are governed; as, cja o bfuą tu e ? from whom did you get it? THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS PROMISCUOUSLY EXEMPLIFIED. Cia aca is mó, mfallainse no Which is larger, my mantle or dfallainse ? your mantle? Cia hiad, or ciad fein a ta Who are they coming in ? Teaċt a steaċ. Cia buail tu? With whom are you to-day? DEMONSTRATIVE. 1. The demonstrative pronouns immediately follow the noun or adjectives with which they are connected; as, an bean sin, that woman; an duine so, this man; na daoine uasal ud, those gentlemen. * Except, when the neuter verb is understood; for it is never expressed with demonstratives; as, so an fear, this is the man. 2. When ro is joined to the noun, whose last vowel is broad, it is commonly changed into ra; but, if the last vowel is small, into se; as, an fearsa, this man; an fáinnere, this ring. |