This little, volume contains a more minute and accurate history and defcription of all the fpecies and varieties of strawberries, known in Europe, than is to be found in any other author; and also many curious remarks relative to fome other fubjects of natural history.

B..t.

Dictionaire raisonné d' Anatomie de Phyfiologie, &c. A Dictionary of Anatomy and Phyfiology, containing imo, an accurate defcription of all the Parts of the human Body; 2do. the etymology of many difficult Terms; 3tio. pathological and therapeutical Reflections on the Parts defcribed; 4to, the Manner of making all Kinds of anatomical Preparations, and the art of preferving them; 5to, the phyfical and mechanical Explication of all the human Functions, with pathological and therapeutical Reflections on the Dif orders to which they are liable. 8vo. 2 Vols. Paris, 1766.

UR Readers will obferve, that, in tranflating the title, we

language to exprefs it precifely in the fenfe here intended. In its common acceptation, it means rational, or rather argumentative, or reafoning, none of which our idiom will permit us to apply, in this inftance, with propriety. The French are fo fond of this term, that, as all fcience is congested into dictionaries, fo all their dictionaries are raifonnés. Concerning that which now lies before us, we must first observe, that it is without an Author; a circumftance which will not prejudice the Reader much in its favour, naturally concluding, that the writer, or rather compiler, would have put his name in the title, if he had not been confcious, that it would be of no advantage to his book. This, we fay, is a natural conclufion, and in general a juft one.

From the title of these volumes it is eafy to conceive the impoffibility of conveying an adequate idea of their contents, we fhall therefore felect an article which may ferve not only as a fpecimen of the Author's manner, but at the fame time be of utility to fome of our anatomical Readers. The art of preparing different parts of animal bodies by injection, though of late confiderably improved, and diffufed, is nevertheless far from being univerfally known: we fhall therefore tranflate the following article,

INJECTION, injectio, as a term of anatomy, is the preparation made with a liquor, hot or cold, differently coloured, and deftined to fill the veffels of a dead body, whether of man or brute.

With regard to the confiftence of the liquor injected, there are two forts, viz. fine, which is made of fome fpiritous liquor, Tuch

fuch as the oil of afpics, fpirit of wine, or oil of turpentine,! &c. mixed with fome colour, generally red or blue; and thick, which confifts of wax, refin, Venice turpentine, lard, and oil, alfo coloured blue or red. Quick-filver, and fat oils are likewife used for.this purpose. The red colouring ingredients are carmine, cinaber, Brafil-wood and vermilion; the blue are, Pruffian blue, Indian blue, blue afhes, indigo, and ivory black, &c. If you intend to colour the liquor yellow, the best in-. gredients are gutta gamba, la grain d'Avignon, or Lorraine earth. For the fine injection, the mixture generally used, is that of fpirit of turpentine with vermilion. The first thing neceflary to be obferved is the choice of your fubject, which ought to be neither old nor fat. You will generally fucceed best in a fubject about three feet in length.

If the

Having thus made choice of a proper fubject, you begin: by fhaving and washing it all over with warm water. weather be cold, you are to bathe the body in hot though not boiling water. If you intend to inject all the arteries at one ftroke of the pifton, except the pulmonary artery, you begin by making a longitudinal incifion from the upper part of the fternum to the xyphoid cartilage, continuing it below the left breast as far as four or five fingers breadth from the fternum. Having then detached the skin, the fat, and the great pectoralmufcle, you open the thorax, by cutting through three or four of the cartilages of the first ribs, taking care not to cut the internal arteria mamaria. If it fhould be cut, you are to make a ligature.

The thorax being thus opened, you difcover the pericardium, through which you make a crucial incifion, in order to come at the pulmonary artery and the aorta, which you are to separate one from the other, paffing a waxed thread, of many: doubles, round the latter, into which you now make an orifice large enough to admit your tube. If there fhould be any coagulated blood or lymph, it must be first cleared away. The tube being introduced, the artery must be tied fast round it, fo as not to flip when you come to inject.

If you want to inject the veins, you are to introduce tube near their extremity, as in the faphena falvatella, or cephayour lica of the thumb. Veins may also be injected from the trunk to the branches, as in the vena porta; but this fucceeds only where there are few or no valves. If you intend to inject some detached part of the body, the veffels which are cut through must be carefully tied before you begin.

If

The method of preparing your injection is as follows. your fubject be four or five feet in length, take an ounce of vermillion, and pour on to it as much fpirit of turpentine, or other liquor above mentioned, as will wet it entirely, mixing

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it well with a pencil, or spatula. Then pour on about fix or eight ounces more of the fame fpirit, ftirring the whole tiff it is uniformly mixed. This must not be injected till your thicker compofition is ready: the preparation of which is as follows: Take fix ounces of yellow or white wax, as much Venice turpentine, two ounces and a half of oil of olives, four ounces of lard, and one pound of mutton fuet. Boil them on a flow fire, pass them through a linen rag, and then add four drachms of vermillion. With regard to the degree of heat, which is a matter of great importance, let it be fuch as that you can just bear your finger in it, and fo as not to stick to the nail.

The chief inftrument in this operation is the fyringe, the fize of which must be proportioned to your fubject, and its. fnout must fix exactly into the tube, which must have a notch near its smaller end to prevent its flipping.

If your fyringe happens not to be large enough to fill all the veffels at once, you immediately turn the cock, or if a tube, you stop it inftantly, till you have again filled your fyringe, which must be done with all poffible expedition; you then fix your fyringe afresh, and inject till you perceive the pifton refifted by the liquor, which is a proof that the vellels are full. This refiftance however happens only in filling the arteries. It happens rarely that the vena porta is filled by injecting the vena cava, which therefore must be done by introducing your tube into a branch of the mefenterics; but in doing this you are to make two ligatures, one round the tube, and the other below the orifice, otherwife you will not fucceed.

The finus's on the bafe of the cranium are injected, either from the angular vein, or the vertebrales. Sometimes they will be found filled by injecting the internal jugulars.

The thoracic duct and receptaculum chyli, may be injected, either through fome large lymphatic veffel, or by opening the duct itself. The puncta lacrymalia and the nafal canal, either from the nofe, or by introducing a tube into the pueta them

felves.'

This article, we conceive, will be fufficient as a specimen of our Author's manner. He appears upon the whole to be acquainted with the prefent ftate of anatomy and phyfiology; but we cannot help obferving, that in many places he is unneffarily prolix and tautological; and that a confiderable number of his articles are totally unconnected either with phyfiology of anatomy. B..t.

Most of the Boaks mentioned in this Appendix, have been imparted by Mers. Becket and De Hondt, in the Strand.

N. B. To find any particular Book, or Pamphlet, fee the
Table of Contents, prefixed to the Volume.