"the

<< prise, ni donné de bataille qu'il n'ait gagnée, etoit a Saint. "James un adroit courtisan, dans le parlement un chef de parti, dans les pais etrangers le plus habile negociateur "de son siecle ;" and who "avoit fait autant de mal à la "France par son esprit que par ses armes*;" appears to have been very ill read in the history of his native country, which is the more remarkable, as his father Sir Winstan Churchill, was the author of a History of England, intitled, "Divi Britannici, being a remark upon the lives of all the "kings of this isle, from the year of the World, 2855, unto year of Grace, 1660, fo. 1675." Of the Duke the following anecdote is told by Dr. Warner, in his "Remarks on the History of Fingal, printed for Payne and Cropley, 1762, p. 26. on the authority of Judge Burnet :" "Duke of Marlborough talking over some point of English "history once with Bishop Burnet, and advancing some "anachronisms and strange matters of fact, his Lordship, "in a great astonishment at this new history, inquired of "his Grace where he had met with it. The Duke, equally "surprised on his side, to be asked that question by so "knowing a man in history as the Bishop, replied, Why, "don't you remember? It is in the only English history "of those times that I ever read, in Shakespeare's plays." 1774, Jan.

X. Memoirs relating to CALEB THRELKELD, M. D.

MR. URBAN,

"The

I SEND you a short memoir relating to Dr. Threlkeld ; only known in the literary world, among the naturalists, as the author of a book relating to the Plants of Ireland. You would not have been troubled with it, but that I know of no account of this writer before extant. It fell into my

hands, by purchasing a copy of his book, being written in the blank leaves thereof, at the beginning. And as it bears the marks of authenticity, I judged it worth preserving in your Repository: if you think the same, you will give it a place in your next Magazine.

I am, Sir, &c.

Feb. 10, 1777.

R. P.

Oeuvres de M. de Voltaire, Dresden, 1752, tom. 6, p.138.

"Caleb Threlkeld was born the 31st of May, 1676, at Ketberg, in the parish, of Kirkoswald, in Cumberland. In the year 1698 he commenced Master of Arts in the university of Glasgow, and soon after settled at Low Huddlesceugh, near the place of his birth, in the character of a dissenting minister. In this situation he made a considerable progress in the study of physic, and contracted a love for plants; insomuch, that in 1712, he took a Doctor's degree in Medicine, at Edinburgh; and the next spring, having a strait income, and a large family, he removed to Dublin, and settled there in both characters, as a divine, and a physician. His family, consisting of a wife and three sons, and as many daughters, did not follow till more than a year had elapsed; when finding himself likely to succeed, he sent for them over. His practice in medicine soon increased, so far as to enable him to drop his other character entirely, and devote himself wholly to physic; but he died after a short sickness of a violent fever, at his house in Mark's Alley, Frances-street, April 28, 1728, and was buried in the new burial ground belonging to St. Patrick's, near Cavan-street, to which place his obsequies were attended by a set of children educated by a society of gentlemen. And my memorialist adds, that he was much regretted by the poor, to whom he had been, both as a man and as a physician, a kind benefactor."

It does not appear that Dr. Threlkeld published any other book than that referred to, though he had meditated a history of plants in general. His work bears the following title: "Synopsis Stirpium HIBERNICARUM alphabetice dispositarum, sive Commentatio de Piantis indigenis, præsertim Dubliniensibus, instituta; being a short Treatise of native Plants, especially such as grow spontaneously in the vicinity of Dublin, with their Latin, English, and Irish names, and an abridgment of their virtues, with several new discoveries, with an appendix of observations made upon plants by Dr. Molyneux, physician to the State in Ireland, the first essay of this kind in the kingdom of Ireland; auctore Caleb Threlkeld, M. D. Dublin, 1727." P. 262. 12mo.

The author, after a dedication of his book to the Archbishop of Armagh, and a preface, which, though written in a quaint stile, proves him to be a man of considerable erudition, enumerates all the plants he had observed in the environs of Dublin, by giving, first, the old Latin name, generally from Caspar Bauhine's Pinax; then the English name, and afterwards the Irish; subjoining, wherever it seems necessary, some account of the quality of the plant,

and its use in medicine and economy. Besides these he has here and there thrown in a curious observation: for instance, under the word Betula, he "The Irish gramsays, marians remark that all the names of the Irish letters are names of trees."

Dr. Threlkeld appears to have been better acquainted with the history of plants than with plants themselves; as he seems not to have studied them in a systematic way. He incurred the displeasure of the late learned professor Dr. Dillenius, by having thrown out, in this book, three or four criticisms upon that gentleman's introduction of new names into Botany, in his edition of Mr. Ray's Synopsis, published about three years before, and also on his multiplying the species of plants unnecessarily. Dr. Dillenius did not think him an antagonist formidable enough to retort upon; which is not to be wondered at, as few people in England had at that time studied the genera of plants with the attention which this learned professor had bestowed upon them. The professor, in a letter that he wrote to a friend soon after the publication of Threlkeld's book, informs him that there is but one plant therein mentioned that was not known to grow there before; this is the Pseudo-stachys Alpina C. B. (Stachys Alpina of Linnæus); and that, he says, from the observation of another man.

This book of Dr. Threlkeld's is now become somewhat scarce; and as it is not of importance enough to be republished, it is hoped this short account thereof, and that of the author, may be acceptable to those who are curious in

these matters.

1777, Feb.

XI. Anecdotes of the Rev. JEREMIAH MARKLAND.

MR. URBAN,

As there are few articles in your useful Miscellany that are more generally acceptable than biographical anecdotes, I send you some farther particulars of Mr. Markland, of whom you have already given your readers some slight sketches in 1776; and to whose memory two inscriptions are inserted, in 1777. If these prove acceptable, you shall

hear further from

J. N.

Mr. Jeremiah Markland, born Oct. 29, 1693, was one of the twelve children of the Rev. Ralph Markland. Educated in Christ's Hospital, he was thence sent to Peter-house; of which, at his death, he was senior fellow. He was one of the most learned scholars and penetrating critics of the age. A Latin copy of verses of his appeared in the "Cambridge Gratulations, 1714;" and his name is to be found as assistant to Ogle in the "Canterbury Tales." But he became first publicly known, in 1723, by his "Epistola Critica," addressed to Bishop Hare, in which he gave many proofs of extensive erudition and critical sagacity. He published an edition of "Statius's Silvæ, 1728," 4to.; Notes on " Maximus Tyrius, 1740;" a valuable volume of "Remarks on the Epistles of Cicero to Brutus, 1745," 8vo.; an excellent little treatise under the title of "De Græcorum Quintâ Declinatione Imparisyllabicâ et inde formatâ Latinorum Tertiâ, Quæstio Grammatica, 1761," 4to. No more than forty copies having been printed, which were all given away; it was annexed, in 1763, to an admirable edition of the "Supplices Mulieres" of Euripides, in 4to. Why this was published anonymously, a letter of his to Mr. Bowyer will explain: "As to the compliments of scholars, I believe you do not set any great value upon them; and I believe "I set as little; to avoid which myself, and to excuse "others the necessity of making them right or wrong, were "two reasons why no name is put to this edition."

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The following curious memorandum is taken from his own hand-writing (in 1764) in a copy of that book: "This was printed at the expence of Dr. Heberden, A. D. 1763. "There were only 250 copies printed, this kind of study being at that time greatly neglected in England. The "writer of the notes was then old and infirm; and having by him several things of the same sort, written many years before, he did not think it worth while to revise "them, and was unwilling to leave them behind him, as "they were in many places not legible to any body but "himself; for which reason he destroyed them. Pro"bably it will be a long time, (if ever) before this sort of "learning will revive in England; in which it is easy to "foresee that there must be a disturbance in a few years, " and all public disorders are enemies to this sort of litera"ture." Fortunately, however, for the world of letters, the notes on the two" Iphigenia" were preserved, and presented "Doctissimo, et, quòd longè præstantius est, Huma"nissimo Viro Wilhelmo Heberden, M. D. arbitratu ejus

"vel cremandæ vel in publicum emittenda." They were in consequence given to the world in 1771, in 8vo.; and the "Supplices Mulieres," with the "Quæstio Grammatica, were reprinted in that size in 1775.

Mr. Markland assisted Dr. Taylor in his editions of Lysias and Demosthenes, by the notes which he communicated. The like service he conferred on Mr. Arnald, in the second edition of his "Commentary on the Book of Wisdom." He also very happily elucidated many passages in the New Testament, which may be found in Mr. Bowyer's "Conjectures." In 1746, he talked at a distance of publishing the "rest of Statius ;" and in 1771 mentioned a work as being in great forwardness, under the title of "Quæstione's Venusinæ, ad Horatii Carmina," &c. having "got as far as Serm. I. 3. in the transcription." He was not more valued for his universal reading, than beloved for the excellence of his heart and primitive simplicity of manners. The latter part of his life was passed in the little village of Milton, near Dorking, in Surrey; where he described himself, in 1755, to be "as much out of the way of hearing, as of "getting." Of this last (he adds) "I have now no desire; the "other I should be glad of." What first induced him to retire from the world is not known. It has been supposed to have proceeded from disappointment; but of what nature it is not easy to imagine. He was certainly disinterested to an extreme. Money was never considered by him as a good, any further than it enabled him to relieve the necessitous. And if ambition had been his aim, he might have gratified it, there being a positive proof, under his own hand, that he twice declined the Greek Professorship; a station where abilities like his would have been eminently displayed. On the 28th of February, 1743-4, he tells Mr. Bowyer, "I suppose you have heard that the "Greek Professor at Cambridge is dying, I am invited "very kindly to accept of it by several friends, who have given me information, and advised me to be a candidate. σε ̓Αλλ' ἐμὸν ἔπελε θυμὸν ἐπὶ τήθεσσιν ἔπεισαν, to speak in the language of a Greek Professor; and instead of going an "hundred miles to take it, I would go two hundred the "other way to avoid it." Again, Feb. 27, 1749-50, "I "have lately had two letters from the Vice-Chancellor "(Dr. Keene, our Master), who wishes me to take the "Greek Professorship, which is about to be vacant again, "You, who know me, will not wonder that I have absolutely "refused to be a candidate for it. This, perhaps, is a

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