XXXIV. CHAP. the officer at the bridge; and fuch a weariness of the war prevailed, that, after an unusually furious fire from their batteries for feveral hours, the following day was closed with a parley; and an agreement was made for a truce of three days, to give time to the Irish cavalry to take advantage of the capitulation. Capitula tion. An exchange of prisoners was a confequence of the truce; but the behaviour of the two parties to fuch as had fallen into their hands appeared on this occasion to have been extremely different. Those, who had been prisoners with the garrison, had been abandoned to famine, disease, and the fire of the befiegers, with wounds undreffed, infomuch that the furvivors, two hundred and forty, exhibited a hideous fpectacle, and many of them died after exposure to the air: but the Irish, who had been prifoners with the befiegers, had been carefully treated with humane attention. On the third day of the truce the Irish offered the terms of capitulation, on which they had agreed among themselves, and under which were to be included all of their party who had not yet furrendered. As these articles, comprizing an establishment of the Roman catholic religion, were judged inadmiffible by Ginckle, who in confequence prepared to renew the fiege, he was requested by a fecond deputation to make proposals on his part. The garrison with secret pride accepted his liberal conceflions as the ground of a treaty; but Sir Theobald Butler, an acute lawyer, who was appointed to reduce the whole into form, XXXIV. form, exceeded his instructions so as to infert many CHAP. particulars in favour of the catholics, which had not been conceded. On the remonftrance of Ginckle, the honour of Sarfefield, conformable to his courage, corrected this obliquity, and reduced the articles to the original fenfe of the agreement. A proclamation had been prepared by the lords juftices,, offering terms more liberal ftill, but fuppreffed on intelligence of Ginckle's treaty, hence called jocofely the fecret proclamation, as, though printed, it was never published. On the first of October these chief governors arrived in the camp at Limerick, and on the third the articles were finally adjusted and figned; the civil by the lords justices, Porter and Coningsby, the military by the general, and all afterwards ratified by their Majesties William and Mary. In a few days after the completion of the furrendry, a formidable fleet arrived from France in the Shannon, with troops, arms, ammunition, and provifions, for the relief of Limerick, which, if the capitulation had been fo long delayed, muft have caused a raising of the fiege and a dangerous prolongation of the war. Yet the protestants of Ireland were enraged at the conceffions made to the catholics, conceffions neceffary for the ftate of William's affairs, and probably agreeable to his idea of justice; fince in the contest between the two kings, the catholics, if they had even been indifferent, must have taken a part, and that they should in fuch a cafe adhere to a prince of their own religion was altogether natural. Thefe catholics, who had before fubmitted N 2 CHAP. fubmitted on lefs favourable terms, were mortified; XXXIV. and thofe who were fo infatuated as to remain attach Articles rick. ed to the French intereft, repented of their furrendry, on intelligence of the French fleet's arrival, which returned home, when the object of its deftination was discovered to have been loft. The chief fubftance of these articles, on which of Lime Limerick, and all the other pofts in poffeffion of the Irish Jacobites, were furrendered to the new government, were that the catholics of Ireland fhould enjoy fuch privileges in the exercise of their religion as were confiftent with law, or fuch as they had enjoyed in the reign of Charles the second; and that their Majefties, as foon as their affairs would permit, fhould fummon a parliament, and endeavour to procure from it fuch further fecurity as might preferve them from difturbance in this particular: that all the Irish in this kingdom, in the service of James, fhould receive their pardon, and exemption from all fuch actions of debt as might arife from acts committed by them, in plunder or otherwife, in the courfe of the war; and fhould be reinftated in their properties, real and perfonal, and in all their rights, titles, and privileges, on their taking of the oath of allegiance enjoined by an act of the English parliament in the first year of William's reign: that every lord and gentleman, included in the capitulation, fhould be allowed to carry arms for the defenfe of his house or perfon, or amufement in hunting: that the garrifon fhould march away with all the honours of war; and that thofe, who might choose to XXXIV. remove from Ireland, fhould be permitted to retire CHAP. with their effects to any country except Great Britain, in fhips provided for that purpose at the expense of the English government. The civil articles amounted to thirteen, the military to twenty-nine. Fourteen thousand Irish, availing themselves of the permiffion to go beyond sea, bid a farewell for ever to their native country. Ginckle, whofe fervices had been highly meritorious, and Rouvigny, another foreigner, by whom he had been powerfully feconded, were ennobled by William, the former under the titles of lord Aghrim and earl of Galway, the latter under that of lord Galway; but Mackay and Talmash, also of high merit, British officers, were invidiously obferved to be neglected by their fovereign. CHA P. CHA P. XXXV. XXXV. for Irish history. Authorities for Irish hiftory-Leland-Reflexions—— Legiflation of the English parliament for IrelandA parliament-Lord's juftices--A parliament William Molyneux-Ruin of the Irish woollen manufacture-The manufacture of linen not a compenfation -Impolicy of restrictions on Irish industry— Refumption of the forfeitures--Proceedings of the Irish parliament-Sacramental teft-Penal Statutes Violence of party-Tories and whigs-Difpute about the lord mayor's election-Unconftitutional interference of the English parliament. CHAP. FROM the capitulation of Limerick I reluctantly part, with Doctor Leland, my faithful guide from Authorities the first arrival of the Strongbownian English to that event, whose history, so impartial as to offend the shallow and violent of every party, is compiled from a great number of original historians and other documents. Through his period of Irish transactions I have chiefly followed his compilation, more in the matter than the arrangement, comparing it with his authorities, fometimes ufing his words, as I took not the least pains either to avoid or adopt his expreffions, |