He fiuds himself beholden to us all.

4

CIT. Twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here.
This Cæsar was a tyrant.

1 CIT.

Nay, that's certain:

3 CIT. We are bless'd that Rome is rid of him.

2 CIT. Peace; let us hear what Antony can say. ANT. You gentle Romans,

CIT.

Peace, ho! let us hear him.

ANT. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your

ears;

I come to bury Cæsar, not to praise him.
The evil, that men do, lives after them;
The good is oft interred with their bones;
So let it be with Cæsar. The noble Brutus
Hath told you, Cæsar was ambitious;
If it were so, it was a grievous fault;
And grievously hath Cæsar answer'd it.1
Here, under leave of Brutus, and the rest,
(For Brutus is an honourable man;
So are they all, all honourable men;)
Come I to speak in Cæsar's funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says, he was ambitious;

And Brutus is an honourable man.

He hath brought many captives home to Rome,
Whose ransoms2 did the general coffer3 fill:
Did this in Cæsar seem ambitious?

When that the poor have cried, Cæsar hath wept:
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:

Yet Brutus says, he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honourable man.

You all did see, that on the Lupercal,

I thrice presented him a kingly crown,

Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?

Yet Brutus says, he was ambitious;

And, sure, he is an honourable man.

I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,

rendered irregular, by the interpo- | price paid for redemption from caplated and needless words He tivity.

1) To answer, to be accountable

for; to satisfy any claim.

3) i. e. the public treasury.

4) Stern, severe of countenance or

2) Ransom, the French rançon, the manners, harsh.

But here I am to speak what I do know.

You all did love him once, not without cause;
What cause withholds you then to mourn for him?
O judgment, thou art fled to brutish_beasts,
And men havé lost their reason! Bear with me;
My heart is in the coffin there with Cæsar,1
And I must pause till it come back to me.

1 CIT. Methinks there is much reason in his sayings. 2 CIT. If thou consider rightly of the matter,

Cæsar has had great wrongs.

3 CIT.

Has he, masters?

I fear, there will a worse come in his place.

4 CIT. Mark'd ye his words? He would not take the

crown;

Therefore, 'tis certain, he was not ambitious.

1 CIT. If it be found so, some will dear abide it. 2

2 CIT. Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping. 3 CIT. There's not a nobler man in Rome, than Antony. 4 CIT. Now mark him, he begins again to speak. ANT. But yesterday, the word of Cæsar might Have stood against the world: now lies he there, And none so poor to do him reverence.3

O masters! if I were dispos'd to stir

Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,
I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong,
Who, you all know, are honourable men:
I will not do them wrong; I rather choose
To wrong the dead, to wrong myself, and you,
Than I will wrong such honourable men.
But here's a parchment, with the seal of Cæsar,
I found it in his closet, 'tis his will:

Let but the commons1 hear this testament,
(Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read,)
And they would go and kiss dead Cæsar's wounds,
And dip their napkins5 in his sacred blood;

1) Compare Dido's speech in the second book of the Aeneid, v. 28 et seq.:

amores

llle meos
Abstulit, ille habeat secum, servetque se-
pulchro.

2) i. e. some will pay dearly for it.
3) The meanest man is now too

high to do reverence to Cæsar. Johnson.

4) The commons, the commonalty, the common or vulgar people.

5) Napkin is the northern term for handkerchief, and is used in this sense at this day in Scotland. Our author frequently uses the word. Malone.

Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,
And, dying, mention it within their wills,
Bequeathing it, as a rich legacy,

Unto their issue. 1

4 CIT. We'll hear the will: Read it, Mark Antony. CIT. The will, the will; we will hear Cæsar's will. ANT. Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it; It is not meet you know how Cæsar lov'd you. You are not wood, you are not stones, but men; And being men, hearing the will of Cæsar, It will inflame you, it will make you mad: 'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; For if you should, O, what would come of it!

4 CIT. Read the will; we will hear it, Antony; You shall read us the will; Cæsar's will.

ANT. Will you be patient? Will you stay awhile? I have o'ershot myself, to tell you of it.

I fear, I wrong the honourable men,

Whose daggers have stabb'd Cæsar: I do fear it.

4 CIT. They were traitors: Honourable men!

CIT. The will! the testament!

2 CIT. They were villains, murderers: The will! read the will!

ANT. You will compel me then to read the will?
Then make a ring about the corpse of Cæsar,
And let me show you him that made the will.
Shall I descend? And will you give me leave?
CIT. Come down.

2 CIT. Descend.

[He comes down from the Pulpit.

3 CIT. You shall have leave.

4 CIT. A ring; stand round.

1 CIT. Stand from the hearse, stand from the body. 2 CIT. Room for Antony; most noble Antony. ANT. Nay, press not so upon me; stand far off. CIT. Stand back! room! bear back!

ANT. If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.

1) To bequeath, to leave by will to another. Issue, children, descendants, legitimate offspring and heirs.

2) Meet, fit, proper; now rarely

cal pronoun, to venture too far, to act precipitately or hastily.

4) i. e. stand far off, keep at a distance from the bier. Hearse, pron. herse, a carriage in which the 3) To overshoot, with the recipro- | dead are conveyed to the grave.

used.

You all do know this mantle: I remember
The first time ever Cæsar put it on;
'Twas on a summer's evening in his tent;
That day he overcame the Nervii:1

Look! in this place, ran Cassius' dagger through:
See, what a rent the envious Casca made:
Through this, the well-beloved Brutus stabb'd;
And, as he pluck'd his cursed steel away,
Mark how the blood of Cæsar follow'd it;
As rushing out of doors, to be resolv'd
If Brutus so unkindly knock'd, or no;

For Brutus, as you know, was Cæsar's angel; 2
Judge, O you gods, how dearly Cæsar lov'd him!
This was the most unkindest cut of all:

For when the noble Cæsar saw him stab,
Ingratitude, more strong than traitor's arms,
Quite vanquish'd him: then burst his mighty heart;
And, in his mantle muffling up his face, 3
Even at the base of Pompey's statua,

4

Which all the while ran blood,5 great Cæsar fell.
O, what a fall was there, my countrymen!
Then I, and you, and all of us fell down,
Whilst bloody treason flourish'd over us.
O, now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel
The dint of pity: these are gracious drops.

Kind souls, what, weep you, when you but behold
Our Cæsar's vesture wounded? Look you here,

8

1

Here is himself, marr'd, as you see, with traitors.

1 CIT. O piteous spectacle!

2 CIT. O noble Cæsar!

3 CIT. O woful day!

4 CIT. O traitors, villains!
1 CIT. O most bloody sight!

2 CIT. We will be revenged! revenge; about, seek,

burn,

fire, kill,

slay! let not a traitor live.

ANT. Stay, countrymen.

1 CIT. Peace there: Hear the noble Antony.

---

2 CIT. We'll hear him, we'll follow him, we'll die with him.

ANT. Good friends, sweet friends, let me nor stir you up

To such a sudden flood of mutiny.

They, that have done this deed, are honourable;
What private griefs they have, alas, I know not,
That made them do it; they are wise and honourable,
And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.

I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts;
I am no orator, as Brutus is:

But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man,
That love my friend; and that they know full well
That gave me publick leave to speak of him.
For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth,
Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech,
To stir men's blood: I only speak right on;

5

I tell you that, which you yourselves do know;
Show you sweet Cæsar's wounds, poor, poor dumb mouths,

1) Tomar, to injure or spoil. Sometimes, says Steevens, it signifies to deface, and sometimes to destroy. Ancient alliteration always produces mar as the opposite of make.

2) i. e. personal grievances.

3) Blunt, properly, dull on the edge or point, thence, dull in understanding; here, rough, not elegant, homely.

4) Quite well, see p. 37, 6).

5) The first folio (and, I believe, through a mistake of the press) has

wit.

writ, which in the second folio was properly changed into Johnson, however, supposes that by writ was meant a,,penned and premeditated oration." But the artful speaker, on this sudden call for his exertions, was surely designed, with self as one who had neither wit (i. e. affected modesty, to represent himstrength of understanding), persuasive language, weight of character, graceful action, harmony of voice, etc. (the usual requisites of an orator) to influence the minds of the people. Steevens.