Turn it up, to quit, change, abscond, or abandon; "Ned has TURNED IT UP," i.e., run away; "I intend TURNING IT UP," i.e., leaving my present abode or employment, or altering my course of life. Turn-out, personal show or appearance; a man with a showy carriage and horses is said to have a good TURN-OUT.

Turn-over, an apprentice who finishes with a second master the inden tures he commenced with another, who has died or become bankrupt. Turn up, a street fight; a sudden leaving, or making off. An unexpected slice of luck. Among sporting men bookmakers are said to have a TURN UP when an unbacked horse wins.

Turn up, to appear unexpectedly. Also to happen; "Let's wait, and see what will TURN UP.'

Turn up, to make sick. People are said to be TURNED UP by sea-sickness, or when they are made ill by excessive smoking or drinking. Turned over, remanded by the magistrate or judge for want of evidence. Turned up, to be stopped and searched by the police. To be discharged from a police-court or sessions-house; to be acquitted. Turnpike sailors, beggars who go about dressed as sailors. A sarcastic reference to the scene of their chief voyages.

Tusheroon, a crown piece, five shillings.

wheel.

Tussle, a row, struggle, fight, or argument.

Tussle, to struggle, or argue.

Otherwise a bull or cart

Twelve godfathers, a jury, because they give a name to the crime the prisoner before them has been guilty of, whether murder or manslaughter, felony or misdemeanor. Consequently it is a vulgar taunt "You will be christened by TWELVE GODFATHERS some day before long."

to say,

Twelver, a shilling.

Twice-laid, a dish made out of cold fish and potatoes.-Sea. Compare BUBBLE AND SQUEAK, and RESURRECTION PIE.

Twig, style. Prime TWIG, in good order and high spirits.

Twig, to comprehend, as, "Do you TWIG ?" Also, "Hop the TWIG,' to decamp.

Twist, brandy and gin mixed.

Twist, capacity for eating, appetite; "He's got a capital TWIST.
Twitchety, nervous, fidgety.

Twitter, "all in a TWITTER," in a fright or fidgety state.

Two eighteener, an Americanism for a man or woman of the fastest kind-two minutes eighteen seconds, or close thereabouts, being the fastest time for a mile recorded in connexion with the Transatlantic national sport, trotting. "Two forty on a plank road," a once favourite expression with a similar meaning, derived from a feat of the famous trotting mare Flora Temple, has died out since trotting has become faster, and courses have been prepared on a different principle.

Two-eyed-steak, a red-herring or bloater. Otherwise "Billingsgate

pheasant.

Two-handed, expert at fisticuffs. Ambidextrous generally.

Two-handed game, a game or proposal in which the chances are fairly even; as, "I'll punch your head;' Ah, that's a TWO-HANDED GAME-you'll get no good at that."

Two to one, the pawnbroker's sign of three balls. So called because it is supposed by calculating humourists to be TWO TO ONE against the redemption of a pledged article.

Two upon ten, or TWO PUN' TEN, an expression used by assistants to each other, in shops, when a customer of suspected honesty makes his appearance. The phrase refers to "two eyes upon ten fingers," shortened as a money term to TWO PUN' TEN. When a supposed thief is present, one shopman asks the other if that TWO PUN' (pound) TEN matter was ever settled. The man knows at once what is meant, and keeps a careful watch upon the person being served. If it is not convenient to speak, a piece of paper is handed to the same assistant, bearing the, to him, very significant amount of

£2: 10:0

Compare SHARP, JOHN ORDERLY.

Twopenny, the head; "tuck in your TWOPENNY," bend down your head. Twopenny-halfpenny, paltry, insignificant. A TWOPENNY-HALFPENNY fellow, a not uncommon expression of contempt.

Twopenny-hops, low dancing rooms, the price of admission to which was formerly twopence. The clog hornpipe, the pipe dance, flash jigs, and hornpipes in fetters, à la Jack Sheppard, were the favourite movements, all entered into with great spirit.

Twopenny rope, a lodging-house of the lowest kind, where tramps and cadgers sleep on sacking stretched by means of ropes. Sleeping at these places is called having "twopenn'orth of rope. Tyburnia, the Portman and Grosvenor Square district. It is facetiously divided by the Londoners into "Tyburnia Felix," "Tyburnia Deserta,' and "Tyburnia Snobbica." The old gallows at Tyburn stood near the N.E. corner of Hyde Park, at the angle formed by the Edgware Road and the top of Oxford Street. In 1778 this was two miles out of London.

Tyburn tippet, in the old hanging days, Jack Ketch's rope.

Tye, or TIE, a neckerchief. Proper hosiers' term now, but slang thirty years ago, and as early as 1718.

Tyke, a Yorkshireman. Term used by themselves, as well as by Southerners, in reference to them.

Typo, a printer.

Ugly, wicked, malicious, resentful.-American.

Ullages, the wine of all sorts left in the bottoms of glasses at a public

333

dinner. This is emptied into a measure, and drunk behind the screen or in any convenient place by the waiters, which accounts for their stony glare and fishy appearance late in the evening. Maybe from Lat. ULLUS, any.

Unbleached American, Yankee term, since the war, for coloured natives of the United States.

Uncle, the pawnbroker. See MY UNCLE.

Under a cloud, in difficulties. An evident reference to shady circum

stances.

Under the rose. See ROSE.

Understandings, the feet or boots.

Men who wear exceptionally large or thick boots, are said to possess good UNDERSTANDINGS. Understudy, to STUDY a part for the stage, not with the view of playing it at once, but so as to be ready in the event of anything happening to its present representative. Some actors of position, who suffer from delicate health, or mental weakness, have always other and inferior, but more robust, artists UNDERSTUDYING their parts.

Unfortunate, a modern euphuism for a prostitute, derived from Thomas Hood's beautiful poem of The Bridge of Sighs :—

"One more UNFORTUNATE,
Weary of breath,
Rashly importunate,
Gone to her death."

It is almost needless to remark that the poet had no intention of using the word in any but its widest and most general sense.

"Man

Unicorn, a style of driving with two wheelers abreast and one leadertermed in the United States a "6 spike team." "Tandem" is one wheeler and one leader. "Random," three horses in line. chester" means three horses abreast. See HARUM-SCARUM. Unlicked, ill-trained, uncouth, rude, and rough; an

66 UNLICKED cub" is

a loutish youth who has never been taught manners; from the tradition that a bear's cub, when brought into the world, has no shape or symmetry until its dam licks it into form with her tongue. Possibly said of a boy who has been petted, i.e., who has been insufficiently thrashed or licked. Case of spared rod and spoilt child.

Unparliamentary, or UNSCRIPTURAL, language, words unfit for use in ordinary conversation.

Unutterables, or UNWHISPERABLES, trousers. See INEXPRESSIBLES. Up, "to be UP to a thing or two," to be knowing, or understanding; "to put a man UP to a move, to teach him a trick; "it's all UP with him," i.e., it is all over with him; when pronounced U.P., naming the two letters separately, means settled, or done UP. "UP a tree," see TREE. "Up to snuff," wide awake, acquainted with the last new move; "UP to one's gossip," to be a match for one who is trying to take you in; "UP to slum," proficient in roguery, capable of committing a theft successfully; "what's UP?" what is the matter? what is the news?

U.P., United Presbyterian Church of Scotland.

Upper Benjamin, or BENJY, a great coat; originally “Joseph," but, because of the preponderance of tailors named BENJAMIN, altered in deference to them.

Upper storey, or UPPER LOFT, a person's head; "his UPPER STOREY is unfurnished," i.e., he does not know very much. "Wrong in his UPPER STOREY," crazy. See CHUMP.

Uppish, proud, arrogant.

Used up, broken-hearted, bankrupt, fatigued, vanquished.
Vakeel, a barrister.—Anglo-Indian.

"Let

Vamos, VAMOUS, or VAMOOSH, to go, or be off. Spanish, VAMOS, us go!" Probably NAMUS, or NAMOUS, the costermonger's word, was from this. Vamp, to spout, to leave in pawn. Also to cobble, as, "a VAMPED play," and "a VAMPED accompaniment," both terms reflecting discredit on the work, but not necessarily upon the musician. Vamps, old, or refooted stockings. From VAMP, to piece. Vardo, to look; "VARDO the carsey," look at the house.

VARDO for. merly was old cant for a waggon. This is by low Cockneys generally pronounced VARDY.

Vardy, verdict, vulgarly used as opinion, thus, "My VARDY on the matter is the same as yourn."

Varmint. "You young VARMINT, you !" you bad, or naughty boy. Corruption of VERMIN.

Varnisher, an utterer of false sovereigns. Generally "snide-pitcher." 'Varsity, either UNIVERSITY-more rarely University College, Oxford. Velvet, the tongue; especially the tongue of a magsman. Also, men who have succeeded in their speculations, especially on the turf, are said to stand on VELVET.

Veneer, the artificiality of society, conventionality. Dickens expressed his dislike for certain forms of VENEER repeatedly, and especially by means of his Veneerings in Our Mutual Friend.

Vet, colloquial term for VETERINARIAN.

Vic, the Victoria Theatre, London. Also the street abbreviation of the Christian name of her Majesty the Queen.

Village, or THE VILLAGE, i.e., London. Birmingham is called "the hardware VILLAGE." Also a Cambridge term for a disreputable suburb of that town, viz., Barnwell, generally styled "the VILLAGE,” Ville, or VILE, a town or village-pronounced PHIAL, or VIAL.-French. Vinnied, mildewed, or sour.-Devonshire.

Voker, to talk; can you VOKER Romany !" can you speak the canting language?-Latin, VOCARE; Spanish, VOCEAR.

Vowel. "To VOWEL a debt" is to acknowledge with an IO U. Vulpecide, one who shoots or traps foxes, or destroys them in any way

other than that of hunting. A foxhunter regards a VULPECIDE as rather worse than an ordinary murderer.

Wabble, or WOBBLE, to move from side to side, to roll about. Johnson terms it "a low, barbarous word."

Walk into, to overcome, to demolish; "I'll WALK INTO his affections," i.e., I will scold or thrash him. "He WALKED INTO the grub," i.e., he demolished it. WALK INTO also means to get into the debt of any one, as "He WALKED INTO the affections of all the tradesmen in the neighbourhood."

Walk-over, a re-election without opposition.-Parliamentary, but derived from the turf, where a horse which has no rivals WALKS OVER the course. See DEAD HEAT.

Walk your chalks, be off, or run away,-spoken sharply by any one who wishes to get rid of a troublesome person. See CHALKS. Walker, a letter-carrier or postman. From an old song, called, “Walker, the twopenny postman.'

Walker! or HOOKEY WALKER ! an ejaculation of incredulity, used when a person is telling a story which you know to be all gammon, or worse. One explanation of the phrase is this:-"Years ago there was a person named Walker, an aquiline-nosed Jew, who exhibited an orrery, which he called by the erudite name of 'Eidouranion.' He was also a popular lecturer on astronomy, and often, telescope in hand, invited his pupils to take a sight' at the moon and stars. The lecturer's phrase struck his schoolboy auditory, who frequently took a sight' with that gesture of outstretched arm and adjustment to nose and eye which was the first garnish of the popular saying. The next step was to assume phrase and gesture as the outward and visible mode of knowingness in general." This has been denied, however, and a statement made that HOOKEY WALKER was a magistrate of dreaded acuteness and incredulity, whose hooked nose gave the title of "beak" to all his successors; it is also said, moreover, that the gesture of applying the thumb to the nose and agitating the little finger, as an expression of "Don't you wish you may get it?" is considerably older than the first story would seem to indicate. There are many and various explanations of the term, given according to the development of fancy.-Notes and Queries, iv. 425.

Walking the pegs, a method of cheating at the game of cribbage, by a species of legerdemain, the sharper either moving his own pegs forward, or those of his antagonist backward, according to the state of the game.

Wallflower, a person who goes to a ball and looks on without dancing, either from choice or through not being able to obtain a partner. From the position. Wallflowers, left-off and "regenerated" clothes exposed for sale on the bunks and shop-boards of Seven Dials. See REACH-ME-DOWNS. Wallabee-track, Colonial slang for the tramp. When a man in Australia is "on the road" looking for employment, he is said to be on the WALLABEE-TRACK.

Wallop, to beat, or thrash. John Gough Nichols derives this word from an ancestor of the Earl of Portsmouth, one Sir John Wallop, Knight