CHAPTER XXVI. Page 376.

1. Motives of the war in Germany. Conspiracy in Sweden-2.

Measures taken by the king of Prussia and elector of Hanover→→

3. Endeavors of the court of Vienna to frustrate them--4. His

Prussain majesty demands an explanation from the empress-

queen-5. Her answer-6. The Prussian army enters Saxony,

and publishes a manifesto. Prince Ferdinand takes Leipsic-

7. King of Prussia takes possession of Dresden, and blocks up

the king of Poland at Pirna-8. Prussian army penetrates into

Bohemia, and fights the battle of Lowoschutz-9. Saxon army

surrenders-10. King of Poland's memorial to the States-General

-11. Imperial decrees published against the king of Prussia-

12. Declarations of different powers-13. His Prussian majesty's

answer to the Saxon memorial,-14. and justification of his con-

duct-15. Remarks on both these pieces-16. Disputes between

the parliament of Paris and the clergy-17. Dearth of corn in

England-18. Hanoverian auxiliaries sent back-19. Session

opened-20. Debates on the address-21. Bill passed for pro-

hibiting the exportation of corn. Message to the house con-

cerning admiral Byng-22. Supplies granted-23. Reflections on

the continental war-24. Messages from the king to the par-

liament-25. Measures taken to remove the scarcity of corn-

26. Militia-bill-27. Petitions for and against it-28. Altered

by the lords-29. Bill for quartering the foreign troops, and for

regulating the marines while on shore-30. Bill for the more

speedy recruiting the land forces and marines. Act relating to

pawnbrokers and gaming-houses-31. Laws relating to the

wages of weavers, and to the improvement of the British fishery

32. Act for importing American iron duty free-33. Regulations

with respect to the importation of silk-34. Smugglers encouraged

to enter into his majesty's service-35. Inquiry into the scarcity

of corn-36. Investigation of the loss of Minorca-37. Examina-

tion of the American contract-38. Inquiry into the conduct of

admiral Knowles, as governor of Jamaica-39. Resolutions con-

cerning Milford-haven-40. Session closed-41. Trial of admiral

Byng 42 Recommended to mercy-43. Message from the king

to the parliament respecting the sentence-44. Bill to release th.

members of the court-martial from their oath of secresy-45

Execution of admiral Byng-46. Paper delivered by him to the

marshal of the admiralty-47. Remarks on his fate.

CHAPTER XXVII. Page 438.

1 Mr. Pitt and Mr. Legge taken into the administration-2.

Obliged to resign-3. Restored to their employments-4. Coali-

tion of parties-5. Descent on the coast of France meditated

-6. Command of the fleet given to Sir Edward Hawke, and of

the land forces to Sir John Mordaunt. Fleet sails, September 8.

-7. Admiral Knowles sent to take Aix-8. Attack and sur-

render of Aix-9. A descent resolved on--10. The fleet returns

to Spithead. His majesty appoints a board of inquiry into the

reasons of the fleet's return-11. Proceedings of the court of

inquiry-12. Its report-13. Sir John Mordaunt tried by a

court-martial and acquitted-14. Fleets sent to the East and

West Indies-15. Success of the English privateers-16. Riots

occasioned by the high price of corn-17. Operations in America

-18. Lord Loudoun's conduct in Ameriea-19. Fort William

Henry taken by the French-20. Naval transactions in America—

21. Attempt of M. de Kersin on Cape Coast Castle, in Africa-

22. State of affairs in the East Indies. Calcutta recovered.

The suba's camp forced, and a new treaty concluded with him

23. Reduction of Chandernagore-24. Colonel Clive defeats

the suba at Plaissey, who is afterwards deposed and put to

death-25. King of France assassinated. Tortures inflicted on

the assassin-26. Changes in the French ministry-27. State of

the confederacy against the king of Prussia-28. Precautions

taken by his Prussian majesty-29. Skirmishes between the

Prussians and Austrians-30. Neutrality of the emperor and

behavior of the Dutch-31. The French take possession of several

towns in the Low Countries belonging to the king of Prussia-

32. Declaration of the czarina against the king of Prussia.

Factions in Poland-33. Fruitless endeavors of the English to

restore the tranquillity of Germany-34. King of Prussia enters

Bohemia. Prince of Bevern defeats the Austrians at Reichenburg

-35. King of Prussia gains a complete victory over the Austrians

near Prague. Marshal Schwerin killed-36. Prague invested,

-37. and bombarded. Brave defence of the besieged-38. Count

Daun takes the command of the Austrian army: his character

-39. King of Prussia defeated at Kolin-40. He raises the siege

of Prague, and quits Bohemia-41. Preparations for the defence

of Hanover. The allied army assembles under the duke of

Cumberland-42. Skirmishes with the French-43. Duke of

Cumberland passes the Weser: the French follow him, and

take Minden and Emden, and lay Hanover under contribution

-44. Battle of Hastenbeck-45. The French take Hamelen.

Duke de Richelieu supersedes marshal d'Etrées in the command

of the French army-46. The French take possession of Hanover

and Hesse-Cassel,-47. and reduce Verden and Bremen. Duke

of Cumberland signs the convention of Closter-Seven.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

1. Portrait of George the Second-Autograph-Frontispiece.
2. Battle of Culloden

THE

HISTORY OF ENGLAND,

IX.

BY

TOBIAS SMOLLETT, M.D.

FROM THE REVOLUTION IN 1688 TO THE DEATH OF
GEORGE THE SECOND IN 1760.

A.D. 1741 TO A.D. 1757.

THE

HISTORY OF ENGLAND.

CHAP. XVIII.

GEORGE II. (CONTINUED.)-1741.

1. The army under lord Cathcart and Sir Chaloner Ogle proceeds to the West-Indies-2. Nature of the climate on the Spanish main-3. Admiral Vernon sails to Carthagena-4. Attack of Fort Lazar-5. Expedition to Cuba-6. Rupture between the queen of Hungary and the king of Prussia-7. Battle of Molwitz -8. The king of Great Britain concludes a treaty of neutrality with France for the electorate of Hanover-9. A body of French forces join the elector of Bavaria-10. He is crowned king of Bohemia at Prague-11. Fidelity of the Hungarians-12. War between Russia and Sweden-13. Revolution in Russia-14. The Spanish and French squadrons pass unmolested by the English admiral in the Mediterranean-15. Inactivity of the naval power of Great Britain-16. Obstinate struggle in electing members in the new parliament-17. Remarkable motion in the house of commons by lord Noel Somerset-18. The country party obtain a majority in the house of commons--19. Sir Robert Walpole created earl of Orford-20. Change in the ministry— 21. Inquiry into the administration of Sir Robert Walpole-22. obstructed by the new ministry-23. Reports of the secret committee-24. The elector of Bavaria chosen emperor-25. The king of Prussia gains the battle of Czaslaw. Treaty at Breslau-26. The French troops retire under the cannon of Prague. A fresh body sent with the marshal de Maillebois to bring them off-27. Extraordinary retreat of M. de Belleisle28. The king of Great Britain forms an army in Flanders-29. Progress of the war between Russia and Sweden-30. The king of Sardinia declares for the house of Austria-31. Motions of the Spaniards in Italy and Savoy-32. Conduct of admiral Matthews in the Mediterranean-33. Operations in the WestIndies-34. The attention of the ministry turned chiefly on the affairs of the continent-35. Extraordinary motion in the house of lords by earl Stanhope-36. Warm and obstinate debate on the repeal of the gin-act-37. Bill for quieting corporations-38. Convention between the emperor and the queen of Hungary -39. Difference between the king of Prussia and the elector of Hanover-40. The king of Great Britain obtains a victory over the French at Dettingen-41. Treaty of Worms-42. Conclusion of the campaign-43. Affairs in the north-44. Battle of Campo Santo-45. Transactions of the British fleet in the Mediterranean -46. Unsuccessful attempts on the Spanish settlements in the West-Indies.

1. THE British armament had by this time proceeded to action in the West-Indies: Sir Chaloner Ogle, who sailed