(25) 1. His blessing has been the cause of all past success. 2. On account of the intimate and fundamental connection between this cause, and all the great interests of men. 3. Without an acknowledgement of the divine favor, and united and persevering efforts, we cannot expect a continuance of the divine blessing; or have any rational prospect of future success. (27) 1. It inculcates falsehood. 2. It perpetuates intemperance. 3. It promotes pauperism and crime. 4. It diminishes the wealth of the nation. 5. It increases the public burdens. 6. It impairs the health of the people. 7. It deteriorates their intellect. 8. It corrupts the public morals. 9. It shortens many lives. 10. It ruins many souls. Of course it is a business which is unjust toward men, and offensive to God. Extracts of a letter from a distinguished gentleman in the City of Washington, dated July 24, 1833. "The Convention has evidently done good. It has given a fresh impetus to the cause. At no period have the great principles of temperance moved forward with such strong and steady steps as for the last six months; and this is true, not merely of this or that town, or city, or section, but of our whole country. I perceive, wherever I go, and with whatever company I am called to associate, that the fashion of drinking is rapidly declining; and that the traffic in ardent spirit, is becoming a crime. Nothing is wanting but a bold, manly and steady perseverance of the friends of temperance, to eradicate, utterly eradicate the manufacture, sale and use of ardent spirit from our land. The united testimony of the heads of the different departments of the Government, the members of Congress, the mail contractors, and various other persons who resort to Washington from different parts of the United States, to transact business, all concur in sustaining this declaration." Especially may we hope that this will be the case, should the resolutions of the Convention be complied with throughout the country. The Committee would therefore earnestly recommend them, and the reasons annexed to them, to the attention of their fellow citizens throughout the community. Let every man do his duty, especially the young men of our country, and the Temperance Reformation will be triumphant, its blessings extend to all people, and be perpetuated to all ages. D. (P. 33.) Constitution, &c. of the American Congressional Temperance Society. As the use of Ardent Spirit, is not only unnecessary, but injurious, as it tends to pauperism, crime, and wretchedness; to hinder the efficacy of all means for the intellectual and moral benefit of society, and also to endanger the purity and permanence of our free institutions; and as one of the best means for counteracting its deleterious effects, is the influence of United Example, Therefore, we, members of Congress, and others, recogniz ing the principle of abstinence from the use of Ardent Spirit, and from the traffic in it, as the basis of our Union, do hereby agree to form ourselves into a society, and for this purpose adopt the following Constitution, viz: Article 1. This Society shall be called The American Congressional Temperance Society. Article 2. The object of this Society shall be, by example, and by kind moral influence, to discountenance the use of Ardent Spirit, and the traffic in it, throughout the community. Article 3. Members of Congress, and all who have been members of Congress, officers of the United States Government, civil and military, and heads of departments, who practically adopt the great principle of this Society, may, by signing the Constitution, become members; and any former member of Congress, or other person entitled to membership, may be admitted, on addressing to the Secretary of this Society a letter, expressive of his desire to be considered a member. Article 4. The officers of the Society shall be a President, Vice Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer and Auditor; who shall be chosen annually, and who shall perform the duties usually assigned to such officers; and who shall continue in office until others are elected. Article 5. The Society shall annually appoint five persons, who, together with the officers of the Society, shall constitute an executive committee; three of whom shall form a quorum, and who shall from time to time take such measures, as shall be adapted to render this Society most extensively useful to the country. Article 6. There shall be an annual meeting at such time during the session of Congress, as the committee may appoint; and the president, and in his absence one of the vice presidents, at the request of the committee, may at any time call a special meeting of the Society. Article 7. The constitution may be altered by a recommendation of the executive committee, and a vote of two thirds of the members present at any annual meeting. After the adoption of the Constitution, the officers of the Society were chosen, as follows: President, Hon. Lewis Cass, Secretary of War. Vice Presidents, Hon. Samuel Bell, New Hampshire; Hon. Gideon Tomlinson, Connecticut; Hon. John Reed, Massachusetts; Hon. Lewis Condict, New Jersey; Hon. William Wilkins, Pennsylvania; Hon. Thomas Ewing, Ohio; Hon. Felix Grundy, Tennessee; Hon. John Tipton, Indiana; Hon. Daniel Wardwell, New York; Hon. James M. Wayne, Georgia. Secretary, Hon. Walter Lowrie, Secretary of U. S. Senate. Treasurer, Hon. E. Whittlesey, Ohio. Auditor, Hon. W. W. Elsworth, Connecticut. Executive committee, Hon. Theo. Frelinghuysen, New Jersey; Hon. Arnold Naudian, Delaware; Hon. John Blair, Tennessee; Hon. George N. Briggs, Massachusetts; Hon. Elutheros Cook, Ohio. E. (P. 50.) The population of N.H. at the last census was less than 1200. Three rum stores and two rum taverns in town, together with the more private traffic of individuals, were loading the community with an annual tax of nine thousand dollars, to pay for intoxicating liquors, besides the incalculable evils of drinking the poison. Their temperance reform commenced about 1827. First annual Report of their society exhibited a diminution of this tax to the amount of $6,000; the second reduced it $2,500, leaving only $500 as the expense of spirits sold in the town. At this time, they have three stores and one tavern, free from this strong drink, and not a licensed house in town; It is estimated, that the cost of ardent spirits, as at present used by the town, does not exceed the rate of $100 by the year. It is believed that nine-tenths of the population drink no ardent spirits. The Congregational Church, now consisting of 200 members, has more than doubled since this reform commenced. Now they actually pay for preaching at home, double in cash, to what they paid mostly in produce before. Ten years ago, their benevolent contributions for a year were less than twelve dollars. They pay the present year, more than one thousand dollars in cash for various benevolent objects, besides large subscriptions raised for payment hereafter. The Church are unanimously pledged against every form of using ardent spirits as drink, and none so using it are ever to be admitted. The Methodist Church in town, consisting of nearly 100 mem bers, are said to be practising on the same plan. F. (P. 50.) Extract of a letter from a merchant in Alabama, showing the benefits to merchants and others, from the abandoning of the use and sale of ardent spirits. "About twelve years ago, I connected myself in business with a country merchant residing in the middle part of South Alabama, and soon after settled my family at the same place. We kept a general assortment of goods; our customors were generally of the class called "first settlers," or pioneers," enterprising men, with young but numerous families, who, being poor, and seeing but little prospect of bettering their fortunes in the land of their nativity, had the courage to attempt their improvement by removing to, and settling in, a new country. These people were industrious and liberal, but sadly addicted to the use of spirituous liquors. They were kind to each other and to strangers. If a stranger asked for a glass of water, it was their custom to offer whiskey with it; and the head of a family, although unable to pay for the land he occupied, would apologise with seeming mortification, if he was unable to offer his visiting neighbor a glass of grog. It is the business of a country merchant to supply the wants of his customers; and to graduate his purchases to their wants, requires some experience, and much observation, upon which depends, in some degree, the success of his business. In 1824, we had been four years in business, and it required about that period, 100 barrels of whiskey, with a large quantity of American and English rum, and American and French brandies, for one year's demand. In 1825, nearly the same, 1826, 75 barrels whiskey, &c. 1828, 25 5 66 And there is another fact, as remarkable as the decrease of the consumption of spirituous liquors in that neighborhood, as shown. in our purchase and sales above. The increase of the consumption of other things, as shown by our sales of the articles, was nearly as rapid. But the most interesting fact of all is the extraordinary change in the circumstances of this same population. From the period of giving up the use of spirituous liquors, these people began to save something from the proceeds of the little crops; and partly with these savings, and partly from aid given by a gentleman of some monied capital who resided near, they have purchased the land they previously settled upon, and are now generally independent planters, making from five to fifty bales of cotton each family, besides an abundance of bread stuffs, and almost every variety of vegetables, by means of which, with their ample stocks of cattle, hogs, sheep, and poultry, they are enabled to live in great comfort. Now, instead of offering the stranger whiskey, and the hospitality of their miserable cabins, they receive him in their comfortable houses, and in place of the shelf formerly to be seen in their cabins decorated with jugs and black bottles, he finds shelves, or book cases stored with books; instead of ragged children, fine rosy cheeked girls and boys, neatly dressed, and ready to converse with him upon the subject of schools, agriculture, the cotton market, &c. Speaking of rosy cheeks, reminds me of another fact.-We kept medicines, with our other wares, and our sales in that department, for the last six years, decreased every year. [N. Y. American. G. (P. 53.) Extracts from a letter of the Rev. Mr. Spaulding, dated Lahaina, Island of Maui, (one of the Sandwich Islands) October, 1832. This Island has 35,000 souls, and is without a temperance society! This fact may not be generally known in America, but is really so. There is no temperance society on Maui; but if any man is detected in buying, selling, or manufacturing ardent spirits, he is forthwith put into the fort, sentenced to make public road, or otherwise fined according to law. About four years ago, a tabu was proclaimed hy the Governor of this Island upon the use of ardent spirits. Soon after, a native who had a barrel of rum in his posession, acting as agent for a man on Hawii, ventured to sell one bottle, and was fined $150, to be paid in sandal wood, and he immediately collected it. Another native undertook to sell a bottle, and was fined $75. A third man, a foreigner, was detected in selling it to ships, and was banished to another island, during the season of shipping. About one year since, a foreign resident in Lahaina was suspected of selling ardent spirits to the sailors. His house and premises were immediately searched without finding it. Some time after, it was ascertained that he had one keg concealed in a hogshead of coal, in his blacksmith's shop. The same individual has been since suspected; but if he sells it at all, it is with closed doors, and probably under promises of secrecy. A short time since, a schooner engaged in merchant service, arrived from Honolulu with rum on board. A native ventured to purchase a little to sell again to the seamen. Soon its exhilarating effects were discovered by the quarrelling of some sailors, and in less than twenty-four hours from the arrival of the schooner, the native was in his proper place, i. e. in the fort. About the same time, a foreigner, about |