notice, whenever the event happers;" "Thou shalt have served thy apprenticeship before the end of the year;" "He shall have completed his business when the messenger arrives." "I shall have had; thou wilt have served; he will have completed," &c. would have been correct and applicable. The peculiar import of these auxiliaries, as explained in page 92, under section 7, seems to account for their impropriety in the applications just mentioned. Some writers on Grammar object to the propriety of admitting the second future, in both the indicative and subjunctive moods; but that this tense is applicable to both moods, will be manifest from the following examples. "John will have earned his wages the next newyear's day," is a simple declaration, and therefore in the indicative mood: "If he shall have finished his work when the bell rings, he will be entitled to the reward," is conditional and contingent, and is therefore in the subjunctive mood. We shall conclude these detached observations, with one remark which may be useful to the young scholar, namely, that as the indicative mood is converted into the subjunctive, by the expression of a condition, motive, wish, supposition, &c. being superadded to it: so the potential mood may, in like manner, be turned into the subjunctive; as will be seen in the following examples; "If I could deceive him, I should abhor it;""Though he should increase in wealth, he would not be charitable ;” « Even in prosperity he would gain no esteem, unless he should conduct himself better." The auxiliary and neuter verb To be, is conjugated as follows. 1. I shall or will be. Singular. Plural. 1. We shall or will be. Second Future Tense. 1. I shall have been. Singular. 1. Let me be. Plural. 1. We shall have been. IMPERATIVE 2. Be thou or do thou be. 3. Let him be. MOOD, Plural. 1. Let us be. 2. Be ye or you, or do ye be. 3. Let them be. POTENTIAL MOOD. 1. I may or can be. 1. We may or can be. 2. Thou mayst or canst be. 2. Ye or you may or can be. 3. He may or can be. 3. They may or can be. 1. I might, could, would, 1. We might, could, would, or should be. or should be. Ye or you might, could, would, or should be. 3. They might, could, would, or should be. Perfect Tense. 1. I may or can have been. 2. Thou mayst or canst have been. Plural. 1. We may or can have been. 2. Ye or you may or can have been. 3. He may or can have 3. They may or can have 1. We might, could, would, The remaining tenses of this mood are, in general, similar to the correspondent tenses of the Indicative mood. See pages 84, 96, 97, and the notes under the nineteenth rule of syntax. SECT. 7. Compound Perfect. Having been. The Auxiliary Verbs conjugated in their simple form; with observations on their peculiar nature and force. THE learner will perceive that the preceding auxiliary verbs, to have and to be, could not be conjugated through all the moods and tenses, without the help of other auxiliary verbs; namely, may, can, will, shall, and their variations. That auxiliary verbs, in their simple state, and unassisted by others, are of a very limited extent, and that they are chiefly useful, in the aid which they afford in conjugating the principal verbs, will clearly appear to the scholar, by a distinct conjugation of each of them, uncombined with any other. They are exhibited for his inspection; not to be committed to memory. Sing. 1. I am. TO BE.. Present Tense. 2. Thou art. Imperfect Tense. 2. Thou wast. 3. He is. 3. He was. Sing. 1. I was. Plur. 1. We were. 2. Ye or you were. 3. They were. Plur. 1. We might. 2. Ye or you might. S. They might *Shall is here properly used in the present tense, having the same analogy to should that can has to could, may to might, and will to would. |