tunity of gaining further knowledge, under such auspices, in a profession to which he is very warmly attached.-The first division, consisting of 8,000 men, shall be entirely composed of infantry, with its field pieces, and two companies of foot chasseurs; but his Most Serene Highness may join to them, if he thinks fit, over and above the 8,000 men, such a number of his cavalry, not exceeding at most 1,000, as may be fit for immediate service. This corps of 12,000 men shall be completely equipped, and provided with tents and all necessary camp equipage. In a word, it shall be put upon the best footing possible; and none shall be admitted into it but men fit for actual service, and acknowledged to be such by his Britannic Majesty's commissary. The first division shall be ready to march and pass in review at the end of four weeks after the requisition for its march shall have been made, or even sooner, if possible; and the second division in six weeks, if practicable.-This body of troops shall not be separated, unless the operations of war should require it, but they shall remain under the direction of the Hessian chief, subject nevertheless to the superior orders of the general to whom his Majesty shall think fit to confide the supreme command of the whole army; and the second division shall serve only in those places where the first may be sta-by the 6th article of the Treaty of 1755, tioned, provided the plan of operations will admit of it.

the preceding article, his Majesty the King of Great Britain engages to pay to the Most Serene Landgrave, during the four years this Treaty is to continue, an annual subsidy, in the manner and proportion following; that is to say, this subsidy shall commence from the day of the signature of this Treaty, and be continued from that day to the time when the requisition for putting the corps in readiness to march shall be made, at the rate of 150,000 Banco crowns per annum, the crown to be computed at 53 Dutch pence, or 4s. 9d. English money: from the time of making the said requisition, to the day when the whole corps, as well cavalry as infantry, shall be in the pay of the Crown of Great Britain, the subsidy shall be augmented, and paid at the rate of 450,000 Banco crowns; and, during the whole time that the said corps shall be actually in his Majesty's pay, the Most Serene Landgrave shall receive an annual subsidy of 225,000 Banco crowns. When the said troops shall be sent back by his Britannic Majesty, the subsidy shall be again augmented, and continued at the rate of 450,000 Banco crowns per annum, from the day of their return into the dominions of his Serene Highness, to the expiration of the Treaty, being according to the same proportion and rule as were fixed

Art. 4. Each battalion of infantry belonging to this body of troops shall be provided with two field pieces, together with the complement of officers, gunners, and other necessary attirail attached thereto.

Art. 5. In order to defray the expense which shall be incurred by the Most Serene Landgrave, in raising the said body of 12,000 men, his Majesty the King of Great Britain engages to pay to his Most Serene Highness, for each trooper or dra goon, completely armed, mounted, and equipped, 80 Banco crowns, and for each foot soldier 30 Banco crowns, within fifteen days after the requisition for the march of that division shall have been made. As to the levy money for the second division, one moiety thereof shall be paid upon making the requisition for marching, and the other moiety on the day of marching. The levy money shall be paid for the same description of persons that were allowed in former treaties.

Art. 6. Besides what is stipulated in

for a body of 8000 men, and the payment of these respective subsidies shall be made regularly by the quarter, without deduction, into the military chest of the serene Landgrave, appointed for such receipt, in the city of Cassel. And in case both parties hereafter agree, that this body of troops should exceed the number of 12,000, the subsidy.shall be augmented in proportion, unless otherwise settled. His Majesty will also continue to this corps the pay and other emoluments for the residue of the month in which they shall repass the frontiers of Hesse, and actually arrive within the dominions of his Serene Highness, namely, in Hesse properly so called.

Art. 7. With respect to the pay and subsistence, as well ordinary as extraor dinary of the said troops, whilst they shall actually be in the pay of Great Britain, it' is agreed, that, so long as they serve in the empire of Germany, they shall enjoy the same advantages and emolu ments as his Majesty allows to his German troops, according to the effective establishment on which the said body of troops

Art. 9. It will depend on his Britannic Majesty to retain this body of troops in his service the whole time of the continuance of this Treaty, in order to

proper (provided it be not on board his fleet, or beyond sea) excepting for the defence of the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, in which case these troops shall enjoy in all respects, and without any difference whatever, the same pay and emoluments as are granted to the English troops. And when his Majesty the King of Great Britain shall be pleased to send back the said troops, he shall give three months previous notice thereof to his Most Serene Highness, and cause one month's pay to be remitted to him for their return, providing them with the necessary means of transport gratis.

is delivered; which shall be verified by a state signed by the respective ministers of the high-contracting parties, which said state shall have the same force as if it were inserted word for word in the pre-employ them wherever he may think sent Treaty during the time they may be employed in the Low Countries, they shall be treated upon the footing of the Dutch troops: provided that, in both cases, that is to say, whether serving in Germany, or in the Low Countries, their pay shall not be inferior to that which was allowed in former wars. And if they should be required to serve in Great Britain or Ireland, notice thereof shall be given to the Most Serene Landgrave, when they shall not only be put upon the same footing, in all respects, with the British national troops: but his Most Serene Highness hopes further, that, in case any British troops should be sent to the continent, and serve with the Hessians, his Majesty will be pleased to agree, that the latter may be then treated as the former with regard to pay, as well as other matters, the more so as his Most Serene Highness, to prove to his Majesty his earnest desire to serve him, has consented to receive a more moderate subsidy than was paid on all former occasions of this nature, since the year 1726. These allowances, if granted, shall be paid into the military chest of his Most Serene Highness, without any deduction or abate ment, in order that the distribution thereof may be made to his troops.

Art. 8. In case any of the regiments er companies of the aforesaid corps should, by any unfortunate accident, be ruined or destroyed, in the whole or in part; or that any pieces of artillery, or other effects belonging thereto, should be taken by the enemy, his Majesty the King of Great Britain will defray the expense of recruiting and re-mounting the same, as well as make good the value of the said field pieces and effects, in order that they may be again completed and rendered fit for service. The recruits raised on this occasion shall be regulated upon the footing of those which were furnished to the Hessian officers, in virtue of the Treaty of 1702, Article 5th, to the end that the whole corps may always be kept up, and sent back in the same complete state in which it was originally furnished. The recruits annually required shall be delivered to the English commissary, disciplined and completely equipped, at such time and place as his Britannic Majesty shall appoint.

Art. X. In case the Most Serene Landgrave should be attacked or disturbed in the possession of his dominions, his Britannic Majesty promises and engages to send back to him, if required, the said body of troops, allowing them not only one month's pay, but also furnishing them gratis with the means of transport necessary for their conveyance. As likewise to give to his Most Serene Highness all such succour in troops as the exigency of the case may require; which assistance shall be continued to him till he shall have obtained full security and due satisfaction. And the Most Serene Landgrave on his part also promises, that in case his Majesty the King of Great Britain shall be attacked or disturbed in his kingdoms, dominions, countries, provinces, or towns, he will afford him, in like manner, all the aid which may be in his power to give him, which shall be in like manner continued until his Majesty shall have obtained a good and advantageous peace. If it should happen that, in consequence of the present troubles, a war should be kindled in Germany, and become general, his Britaunic Majesty promises, as far as possible, to provide for the security of the dominions and possessions of his Most Serene Highness, and to direct the mili tary operations of his armies, as far as circumstances may permit, in such a manner as to cover and spare the territories of his Most Serene Highness as far as may be. If however, notwithstanding the precautions which may be taken for this effect, the territories of his Most Serene Highness should suffer an invasion from

the enemy on account of this alliance, and of the present Treaty, his, Britannic Majesty will endeavour to procure for the said Landgrave an indemnification proportionable to the loss that may be occasioned thereby, according as has been heretofore done on similar occasions.

Art. 11. In order to render this alliance and union still more perfect, and that no doubts may be entertained by the parties concerned of the certainty of these succours, which they have to hope for by virtue of this Treaty, it is expressly agreed, that, for the better judging hereafter of the extent and meaning of this alliance, and of the succours therein stipulated, it shall be deemed sufficient that either of the parties be actually attacked by force of arms, without such parties having previously employed open force against the assailant.

Art. 12. The sick belonging to this corps of Hessian troops shall remain under the care of their physicians, surgeons, and other persons appointed for that purpose, subject to the orders of the general commanding the corps of that nation, and they shall have the same allowances as his Majesty grants to his own troops.

Art. 13. All Hessian deserters shall be faithfully delivered up, wherever they may be found, in the places dependent on his Britannic Majesty; and all possible care shall be taken that no person whatever, belonging to this corps of troops, shall be permitted to establish or settle himself in his Majesty's dominions without the consent of his Sovereign.

Art. 14. The raising of recruits in Germany having of late become much more expensive than formerly, on account of the numerous armies kept on foot, and some difficulties having arisen relative to the vacant pay, which is to be regarded as the principal fund for defraying the expense of recruiting, it is agreed, that at the spring review made before the opening of a campaign by his Britannic Majesty's commissary, the corps shall either be complete, or the pay for those wanting be stopt; on the other hand, the pay for those who may be wanting to complete, during the interval between one spring review and another, shall not be stopt, but is to be advanced, without deduction, for the full establishment of the corps; and, instead of the sum formerly allowed for each recruit, to replace one killed, or three wounded, it is agreed,

that, in lieu thereof, 12 Banco crowns per head shall be allowed for every recruit, without distinction, that shall be raised to supply their places; but it is at the same time to be understood, that this stipulation extends only to the particular object here in question.

Art. 15. This Treaty shall be ratified by the high contracting parties, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged as soon as possible.

In witness whereof, we the undersigned, being furnished with full powers from his Majesty the King of Great Britain on the one part, and from his Most Serene Highness the reigning Landgrave of Hesse Cassel on the other part, have signed the present Treaty, and have caused the seals of our arms to be set thereto. Done at Cassel, the 28th of September, 1787.

(L. S.) W. FAWCETT.

(L. S.) MART. ERNEST DE Schlieffen. (L. S.) FRED. BARON DE MALSBOURG. DECLARATION signed at Versailles the 27th October, 1787, by the Duke of Dorset and Mr. Eden.

The events which have taken place in the republic of the United Provinces, appearing no longer to leave any subject of discussion, and still less of contest, between the two courts, the undersigned are authorized to ask, whether it is the intention of his Most Christian Majesty to carry into effect the notification, made on the 16th of September last, by his Most Christian Majesty's minister plenipotentiary, which, by announcing that succours would be given in Holland, has occasioned the naval armaments on the part of his Majesty; which armaments have become reciprocal?

If the court of Versailles is disposed to explain itself on this subject, and upon the conduct to be adopted towards the republic, in a manner conformable to the desire which has been expressed on both sides, to preserve the good understanding between the two courts; and it being also understood, at the same time, that there is no view of hostility towards any quarter, in consequence of what has passed, his Majesty, always anxious to concur in the friendly sentiments of his Most Christian Majesty, would agree with him, that the armaments, and in general all warlike preparations should be discontinued on each side, and that the navies of the two nations should be again placed upon the

COUNTER-DECLARATION, signed at Versailles the 27th October 1787, by the

Count de Montmorin.

footing of the peace establishment, as it | among the papers already presented; and stood on the 1st of January of the pre- that was, a copy of the Declaration of the sent year. king of France, to support the insurgents in Holland, which in his Majesty's Speech was stated to have been made to his Majesty. If ministers had such a paper, he conceived there could be no obiection to laying it on the table, more especially as it must obviously be explanatory of a very important fact. Since he was upon his legs, he would mention another matter which required explanation. He alluded to that part of the Counter-Decion of the court of France which refio a paper of the king of Prussia, in watch his Prussian Majesty imparted his resolution, as therein mentioned. Without this paper it would be almost impossible to understand the Counter-Declaration, and therefore he hoped ministers would either state its contents or produce it.

The intention of his Majesty not being, and never having been, to interfere by force in the affairs of the republic of the United Provinces, the communication made to the court of London, on the 16th of the last month, by Monsieur Barthelemy, having had no other object than to announce to that court an intention, the motives of which no longer exist, especially since the King of Prussia has imparted his resolution, his Majesty makes no difficulty to declare, that he will not give any effect to the Declaration above mentioned; and that he retains no hostile view towards any quarter, relative to what has passed in Holland.-His Majesty, therefore, being desirous to concur with the sentiments of his Britannic Majesty, for the preservation of the good harmony between the two courts, agrees with pleasure with his Britannic Majesty, that the armaments, and in general all warlike preparations, shall be discontinued on each side; and that the navies of the two nations shall be again placed upon the footing of the peace establishment, as it stood on the 1st of January of the present year.

JOINT-DECLARATION, signed at Versailles the 27th October 1787, by the Duke of Dorset, Mr. Eden, and the

Count de Montmorin.

In consequence of the Declaration, and Counter-Declaration, exchanged this day, the undersigned, in the name of their respective sovereigns, agree, that the armaments, and in general all warlike preparations, shall be discontinued on each side; and that the navies of the two nations shall be again placed upon the footing of the peace establishment, as it stood on the 1st of January of the present year.

Motion for the Notification of France to interfere respecting the Affairs of Holland.] Nov. 30. Mr. Fox said, that in his opinion, there was a paper exceedingly material for the information of the House, in order to enable them the more fully to comprehend the subject appointed for discussion, in the possession of ministers, which was not [VOL. XXVI.]

Mr. Pitt could not see for what reason the copy of the notification of the French king was thought necessary to be laid upon the table, although a variety of reasons flashed upon his mind to prove that producing it would be highly improper. The fact was, that the notification in question was mixed with other matter, in an official dispatch, dated the 16th September, and received from the court of France by their minister in London, and communicated by that minister to his Majesty's servants and read by them to his Majesty in council. The other parts of the dispatch were certainly of a nature by no means proper to the resolution of the king of Prussia, as be laid upon the table. With regard to mentioned to have been imparted in the Counter Declaration of the court of France, he would make himself fully master of it against the day appointed for the discussion of the subject, and, if it should be then thought necessary, would come prepared to give the House the fullest information relative to its nature.

Dec. 3. Mr. For observed, that notwithstanding the objection made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer a few days ago, he could not but think it absolutely necessary, that the notification of the court of France, of its intention to interfere by force, in support of those who had usurped the government of Holland, which had been stated in his Majesty's Speech, as the cause of the warlike preparations made by this country, should be laid before the House, in order to enable it more accurately to judge of the propriety of the steps [4 M]