brig' an tine diş çêrn' ment id'i o cy EXERCISE 505. fan dan' go hem' or rhoids hôrse' whip ping ho şan' nå jan'i tor leg'i ble mag' net ism me theg' lin musk' mel on im brue' ment un truly re cher che' (ruh sher sha') col' ehi ehum pär' quet ry Sis' y phus 506. laz a ret' to lo co mo' tion may' or al ty e qui lib' ri um eq'ui ta ble phil o me' lå tra pe zi um tra ge' di an dem a gog' ic tran scend ent' al Mit y le' ne po tas' si um reş ur rec' tion ca mel' o pard tri um' vi rate som nam' bu lişm * Chloride and iodine are representatives of a class of chemical terms, in respect to which usage has been variable; most of them having been formerly written without the e final. The e is now generally retained in them all, except the word tannin. See Exercise 286, page 87. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING. A. A. S.-Fellow of the American | Md.-Maryland. Noon. In the year of the world. Apr.-April. B. C.-Before Christ. B. D.-Bachelor of Divinity. Cr.-Credit or Creditor. Do. or Ditto.-The same. Etc. And so forth. Feb.-February. Fr.-France or French. Me.-Maine. Messrs.-Gentlemen or Sirs. M. P.-Member of Parliament. Per Cent.-By the hundred. P. S.-Postscript. Q.-Question or Queen. [strated. Q. E. D.-Which was to be demon F. R. S. Fellow of the Royal So- Q. E. F.-Which was to be done. Rep.-Representative. Rev.-Reverend or Revelation. R. I.-Rhode Island. S. C.-South Carolina. St. Saint or Street. S. T. D.-Doctor of Divinity. Ult. The last, or last month. Viz.-To wit: namely. Wis.-Wisconsin. QUOTATIONS FROM OTHER LANGUAGES, WHICH ARE FREQUENTLY USED IN WRITING OR SPEAKING ENGLISH. Alma mater-A cherishing mother. Beau monde-The gay world. [body. Fac simile-A close imitation. Ipse dixit-He said; an assertion. Lapsus linguæ-A slip of the tongue. Lusus naturæ-A freak of nature. Memento mori-Be mindful of death. Minimum-The smallest. Mirabile dictu-Wonderful to tell. Ne plus ultra-The utmost extent. Non compos mentis-Not of a sound mind. [ance. Passim-Everywhere. ner. Summum bonum-The chief good. Vox populi-The voice of the people. SECTION XXIV. CAPITAL LETTERS. 1. The first word of every sentence should begin with a capital; as, Wisdom is better than rubies. 2. The first word of every line of poetry should begin with a capital; as, "Farewell my friends! farewell my foes! My peace with these, my love with those."-BURNS. 3. I and O, when used as words, should be capitals; as, I said, I will be wise. O ye simple, understand wisdom. 4. Every name of the Deity should begin with a capital; as, God, Jehovah, the Almighty. 5. Every proper name should begin with a capital; as, Solomon, London. 6. Titles of office and honor should begin with capitals; as, Chief Justice Hale, Louis the Bold. 7. The chief words in the titles of books should begin with capitals; as, Pope's Essay on Man. 8. Names of things personified, should begin with capitals; as, "When Music, heavenly maid, was young."-COLLINS. 9. Words derived from proper names commonly begin with capitals; as, American, Newtonian. 10. Any word denoting a thing of special importance, may begin with a capital; as, He supported the Reform Bill. PAUSES AND OTHER MARKS USED IN WRITING. The Comma (,) denotes the shortest pause; the Semicolon (;) a pause double that of the comma; the Colon (:) a pause double that of the semicolon; and the Period (.) a pause double that of the colon. The Interrogation point (?) denotes that a question is asked; as, What is truth? The Exclamation point (!) denotes some strong or sudden emotion of the mind; as, O death! where is thy sting! The Dash (-) denotes a sudden pause or change of subject. The Parenthesis [()] is used to include an explanatory sentence. The Brackets ([]) are used to include words that serve to explain the preceding word or sentence; as, Newton [the Philosopher], was a great Astronomer. The Quotation (" ") is used to include a passage that is taken from some other author; as, "Know thyself." The Apostrophe (') denotes the possessive case; as, John's hat; or the omission of one or more letters of a word; as, us'd for used. The Ellipsis ( are omitted; as L ) denotes that some letters in a word -d for Lord. The Hyphen (-) is used to connect compound words; as, land-mark; also, to mark the division of a word. The Caret () is used to show that something has been omitted through mistake; thus, Chales; Virtue amiable. The Section (8) is used to divide a book or chapter into parts. The Paragraph (T) denotes the beginning of a new subject. The Index or hand () points out a paragraph, which is to be particularly observed. The Asterisk (*), the Obelisk (†), the Double Dagger (†), the Parallel ( || ), and sometimes letters and figures, are used to refer the reader to notes in the margin, or at the bottom of the page. The Brace() is used to connect several words with one common term. The Diæresis (*) is placed over the latter of two vowels, to show that they belong to two distinct syllables; thus, orthoëpy. |