with passages of the most pure and sublime eloquence; and the pious author, we are persuaded, is far above the affectation which his style may occasionally appear to indicate. It is the more important, therefore, that he should always express his energetic and truly scriptural sentiments in language worthy of their value; avoiding whatever is national, quaint, or obsolete, both in particular phraseo

logy and in the general structure of his periods: the labour of which would not be great, and would be amply compensated by ensuring the favourable reception of his works in quarters where they are at present coldly received; and by a proportionable increase in the attainment of that object for which we are sure he is most anxious,— the glory of God, and the spiritual and eternal welfare of mankind.

GREAT BRITAIN. PREPARING for publication:-Chronicles of Ullad, with a Dissertation on the Phoenician Language, by Mr. O'Connor;-The Agriculture, Trade, and Finances of Great Britain, by Mr. Lowe;-A translation of Conamen recaperandi Notitiam Principiorum Veteris et Veræ Philosophiæ, &c. by A. S. Catcott, LL.B. or "an Attempt to recover the Principles of the ancient or true Philosophy, collected from the sacred Writings and lately explained by the eminent John Hutchinson, Esq." with a new preface and many additional notes, and illustrated by plates, by A. Maxwell.

In the Press :-The Improvement of Leisure, Friendship, and Intellect, in an epistolary correspondence; Zoological Researches in Java, No. I. quarto, by Dr. Horsfield;—A reprint of "Arthur Warwick's Spare Minutes, or Resolved Meditations."

At a late meeting of the Royal Society, Sir E. Home communicated some observations on the beneficial influence of the black substance in the skin of the Negro, in preventing the scorching operation of the sun's rays. He shewed, that by exposing the back of the hard, and other parts of the body, covered with thin white linen, to the direct influence of the sun's rays, they become irritated and inflamed; small specks or freckles first appear, and these, on continued exposure, are followed by a vesicular separation of the cuticle: the same happens when the bare surface is exposed. When, however, the part of

the body thus exposed is covered with a piece of black crape, though the temperature of such part, if exposed to the bright sunshine, will exceed that produced upon the bare skin, the scorching and blistering influence of the rays is entirely prevented. Thus the injurions effect of the solar heat may be prevented by an artificial blackening of the skin, and perspiration becomes more copious, as is espe.. cially observed in the Negro. We need scarcely remark, how forcibly such pro visions indicate the wisdom and goodness of the Creator, in the mutual adaptation of his works. And yet the colour of the Negro's skin, thus provi dentially intended to defend him from the pernicious effects of the sultriness of his climate, is to be urged as an argument to doom him to the cruel injustice and tyranny of his white neighbours!

The Poppy, Hemlock, Atropa-Balladonna, or Deadly Night Shade, and other narcotic plants, are ascertained, it is said, to owe their peculiar properties to a substance of an alkaline nature re siding in them, and capable of extraction and of union with acids so as to form neutral salts. It is added, that it is probably for this reason, among others, that acids are found to be serviceable as correctives to these poisons.

Exotic Plants.-No fewer than 6750 exotic plants were introduced into England in the course of the reign of his late Majesty; during the reign of Elizabeth, there were introduced 578; 578 during the reign of Charles I. and IL. and Cromwell; 44 in the reign of

James the Second; 298 in that of William and Mary; 230 in that of Anne; 182 in that of George the First; and 1770 in that of George the Second. The total number of exotics now in the gardens of this country is estimated at about 11,970.

Cambridge. The annual premiums of 15 gs. each, given by the Representatives in Parliament of this University, for the best dissertations, in Latin prose, were lately adjudged as follow: -Senior Bachelors. "De Origine et Progressu Idolatriæ," Dialogus: T. Thorp, fellow of Trinity college; E. Boteler, of Sidney college.-Middle Bachelors. "Oratio in Laudem Musica:" E. H. Maltby, of Pembroke hall; A. Barron, of Trinity college.

Edinburgh School of Arts.-An association has been formed in Edinburgh, under the auspices of Dr. Brewster, Professor Pillans, &c. for the purpose of enabling industrious tradesmen to become acquainted with the principles of mechanics, chemistry, and other branches of science of practical application in their several trades. It is intended to institute lectures, and to provide medals, instruments, and a library of books on mechanics, chemistry, and all branches of natural and physical science, to be lent out through the whole year.

POLAND.

The following is taken from a report presented to the Emperor, in September 1820, by the Council of State, relative to certain points of the public administration.

"The bishops have acquired a more plenary authority over the clergy in point of discipline; in particular, that of suspending, ex-officio, all subordinate priests that may have incurred that penalty. The Pope has consented to the suppression of several abbeys, and their funds will be employed for the advantage of the chapters and seminaries, and for the relief of such parochial clergy as are but indifferently provided for. The revenue of the convents may amount to 950,000 florins, or 600,000 francs, out of which 471 monks and nuns are to be maintained, and considerable debts to be paid. The number of churches in a state of decay, is 121; works are in progress for their reparation. The number of young ecclesias tics examined aud found capable of holding parishes is 109. The apprehension of wanting ecclesiastics was

groundless, as there are 4091 priests, secular and regular, without including 253 seminarists; so that one priest may be rated to 600 inhabitants. In the seminaries there is much want of reform. Until the requisite funds be provided, the most able young men at the universities are in a state of previous instruction, to qualify them as professors of seminaries. Their number is already thirty."

EGYPT.

Two English travellers, Mr. Waddington and Mr. Hanbury of Cambridge, are said to have discovered the city of ancient Merce, spoken of by Herodotus, lib. ii. ch. 29; by Diodorus Siculus, i. 33; by Strabo, xvii.; and by Josephus, ii. 10. From the three authors last mentioned, it appears that the city of Meroe was situated in an island formed by the Nile, the Astapus, and the Astaboras (the Bah-rel-abiad, the Abawi, and the Tacazza). It was anciently called Saba, which name was changed to that of Meroe by Cambyses, in honour of his wife or sister. The geogra phical situation of Meroe is thus described by Herodotus. After quitting the island of Tacpompso, and again reaching the bed of the Nile," you will travel forty days by the side of that river, the stream being rendered unnavigable by rocks and sharp crags. After this land journey of forty days you again embark, and at the end of twelve days you will arrive at a great city, the name of which is Meroe. This is said to be the capital of the rest of the Ethiopians; the only gods that are worshipped there are Jupiter and Bacchus." These travellers, it is added, are able to describe Dongola and Darshegga more minutely than has been done before, and to give an account of the Pasha's expedition against the Abyssinians, having joined his army. They have also discovered some interesting islands, with about thirty entire pyramids, and extensive ruins of temples, some of them exhibiting considerable skill, and others apparently of the highest antiquity.

My Hottentots never having seen or heard of an animal with one horn of so great a length, cut off its head, and brought it bleeding to me upon the back of an ox. From its great weight, and being about twelve hundred miles from the Cape of Good Hope, I was obliged to reduce it by cutting off the underjaw. The Hottentots cut up the rest of the animal for food, which, with the help of the natives, they brought on the backs of oxen to Mashow. The horn, which is nearly black, is exactly three feet long, projecting from the forehead about nine or ten inches above the nose. From the nose to the ears measured three feet. There is a small horny projection of about eight inches immediately behind the great horn, [apparently] designed for keeping fast or steady whatever is penetrated by the great horn. There is neither hair nor wool on the skin, which is the colour of brown suuff.

The animal was well-known to the na tives. It is a species of the rhinoceros ; but if I may judge of its bulk from the size of its head, it must have been much larger than any of the seven rhino. ceroses which my party shot, one of which measured eleven feet from the tip of the nose to the root of the tail. The skull and horn excited great curiosity at the Cape. Most were of opinion that it was all that we should have for the unicorn. An animal, the size of a horse, which the fancied unicorn is supposed to be, would not answer the description of the unicorn given by Job, chap. xxxix. verse 9, &c.; but in every part of that description this animal exactly answers to it."

Mr. Campbell is preparing for the press an account of his journey, somè interesting particulars of which have been already noticed in our pages. (See Appendix for 1820, p. 902.)

THEOLOGY.

The Book of Enoch the Prophet; an Apocryphal production, supposed to have been lost for ages; but discovered at the close of the last century in Abyssinia; now first translated from an Ethiopic MS. in the Bodleian Library; by Richard Lawrence, L.L.D. 8vo. 9s.

The Old Testament, arranged on the basis of Lightfoot's Chronicle, in Historical and Chronological order, in such manner, that the Books, Chapters, Psalms, Prophecies, &c. may be read as one connected history, in the words of the authorized Translation; by the Rev. George Townsend, M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge, 2 vols. 8vo. 11. 16s. A country Parson's first offering to his Mother Church; in nine Pastoral Sermons. 12mo. 3s.

An Exposition of the Lord's Prayer; for the edification of Youth; by Mrs. Hake. 18mo. 1s. 6d.

Nine Discourses on Important Subjects, delivered in St. Mark's Church, Liverpool; by the Rev. W. Morton. 8vo. 6s. 6d.

Metrical Version of the Collects, for every Sunday in the year; by the Rev. C. H. Beatson, M A. 12mo. 4s.

Cottage Conversations; or, Good Advice to the Poor; by the Rev. Joseph Jones, M.A. 12mo. 2s. 6d.

Prayers for the Use of Families, compiled from the Book of Common Prayer; by the same. 12mo. 9d. sewed.

Sermons; by the Rev. Thos. Boys, A.M. of Trinity College, Cambridge. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Miscellaneous Thoughts on Divine Subjects; to which is added, a small Selection of texts, applicable to the given subjects. 12mo. 3s. 6d.

Hints Humbly submitted to Commentators; and more especially to such as have written Elaborate Dissertations on the Prophecies of Daniel and the Revelation of St. John; by William Witherby. 1s. 6d.

Three Sermons on the Power, Origin, and Succession of the Christian Hierarchy; and especially of that of the Church of England. By the Rev. John Oxlee, Rector of Scawton, and Curate of Stonegrave. Svo, 10s. 6d.

MISCELLANIES.

Remarkable Providences; Collected and Arranged by Joseph Taylor. 12mo. 6s. 6d.

A Bibliographical, Antiquarian, and Picturesque Tour in France and Germany; by the Rev. T. F. Dibdin, F.R.S.S.A. with 140 Engravings. 3 vols. super royal, 8vo. 101. 10s.

Oliver Cromwell and his Times; by Thomas Cromwell. 8vo. 14s.

The Life of Sir Joseph Banks; by Dr. Duncan. 8vo. 1s. 6d.

Memoirs of Count Borunlarki. 8vo.

12s.

Dictionary of the Worthies of Ireland; by Richard Ryan. 2 vols. 8vo. 30s.

The Imperial School Atlas; by Dr. James Miller. 4to. 11. 5s.

Letters on the Scenery of Wales; by the Rev. R. H. Newell. royal 8vo. 15s.

The Martial Achievements of Great Britain and her Allies. 4to. with 51 engravings coloured, 131. 13s. or 271. 6s. on large paper.

The Naval Achievements of Great Britain and her Allies. 4to. with 51 engravings, 131. 13s. or 271, 6s. on large paper.

The Operations of the British Army in India, during the Mahratta War; by Lieut. Colonel Blacker, 4to. 41. 14s. 6d. A Manual of Mineralogy; by Robert Jameson. 8vo. 15s.

Farewell Letters to Friends in Bri

tain and America, on returning to Bengal in 1821; by the Rev. W. Ward of Serampore. 12mo. 69.

Sketches of India; by a Traveller, for fire-side Travellers at Home. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Culinary Chemistry; by Fredrick Accum. With plates, 12mo. 9s. 6d.

An Account of the Coronation of the Kings of England: with a description of the Dresses, Crowns, &c. also the Prayers, Oaths, Oblations, &c. used on the occasion. 1s. 6d.

Memoirs of Mahomedan History, from the original Persian Authorities; by Major Price, 3 vols. 4to. 71. 17s. 6d.

The Correspondence of Linnæus and other Naturalists, from Original MSS; by Sir J. E. Smith, M.D. F.R.S. Presi dent of the Linnæan Society. 2 vols. 8vo. 11. 10s.

The Deluge; a Poem. 3s. 6d.

Recollections of a Classical Tour through Greece, Turkey, and Italy; by P. E. Laurent. 4to. 11. 18s.

Trauslations from Casimir, &c. with Poems, Odes, and specimens of Latia Prose; by J. Kitchener, B. A. late of Clare Hall, Cambridge. 6s.

Baynes's Catalogue of Books for 1821-22 of near 9000 Articles.

Memoirs of Queens, illustrious and celebrated; by Mary Hays. 8vo. with portraits. 12s.

No. 1. of the Architectural Antiquities of Rome. imperial folio, 11. 11s. 6d.

BISHOP'S COLLEGE, CALCUTTA. THE Lord Bishop of Calcutta laid the foundation of the Calcutta Mission College on the 15th of last December. The company having assembled, his Lordship commenced with a prayer for a blessing on the work then to be taken in hand, and for Divine guidance and support to the professors, the students, the missionaries, and all who may in any way be connected with the institution; that they may severally be enabled to discharge their allotted duties, and especially be preserved from all heresies, and divisions, and party views; and that they may maintain an adherence to primitive truth and apostolical order, joined to holiness of life and unwearied labours of love, being the best evidence that God is with them, and the surest pledge of his blessing. Next followed a thanksgiving for the Christian

zeal displayed in the present age; more especially for the labours of the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; for his Majesty's most gracious letter, authorizing them to collect the contributions of the charitable throughout England; for the munificent aid received from other religious societies and public bodies; for the liberality of the supreme government of India; and for every manifestation of good-will to the work; praying that the same zeal and benevo lence may be continued, and that the Almighty may raise up to the institution a long succession of benefactors, whose memory shall be blessed for ever. His Lordship next offered a prayer for the Church of England, in whose Christian zeal the Institution has originated; for the King and Royal Family; for the Clergy, and the congregations committed to their charge; for the Hon. the