Ta me iar teact o hAl- I am after coming from

REFLECTED VERBS.

1. Reflected verbs are used to express a state of being, or an action terminating with the doer of it; as, codlaim, I sleep; seasam, I stand.

2. Whenever duration is expressed, or understood, the circumlocution, with the verb bi, is used; as, bi me mo codlad ar fead an oidċe, I was asleep all night: ta se na seasam, he is standing. (132.)

Reflected Verbs promiscuously exemplified. Ta sinne nar gcodlad

faoi sgat na gerann, An bfuil sise na suide, Ni head, act ta seisean

We are sleeping under
the shade of the trees.
Is she sitting.
No, but he is sitting.

Where did you sleep last
night?

Do not sleep any more.
They will be standing.
I was silent as a dumb

man.

Bhi me mo comnaig a I was living in Dublin.

mBaile at cliat,

Na seasam ann sin,
Bhi me mo dusgad abfad
roime lo.

Bhi seisean na dusgad
romam, agus do duisg

se me, Bi do tost, Do codail me a nDùndealgan,

Bhi me mo codlad areir,

Do not stand there.
I was awake long before
day.

He was awake before me;
and he awakened me.

Be silent.
I slept in Dundalk.

I was sleeping last night.

AUXILIARY

AUXILIARY VERBS.

1. The auxiliaries bi, is, or as, and tig, with their inflexions, are elegantly used to supply the place of all verbs denoting possession, want, power, necessity, or any affection of the body, or mind.

2. Bi is used with agam, orm, and uaim; is, or as, with dam, and Jiom; tig, with liom only; as, (133.)

Ta sgian agam,
Ni bfuil sgian agam,
Ta sgian uaim,
Ni tig liom a deanam,
Is eigin dam sgriobad,
Ta grad agam air Dhia,
Ta fuact orm,
Is liom sin fòs,

I have a knife.
I have not a knife.
I want a knife.
I cannot do it.
I must write.
I love God.
I am cold.

That is mine too.

3. Is, or as, simply denotes the object in itself; but ta always denotes it as connected with some circumstance.

Hence, is affirms simply of its object, although that object be expressed by two or more words; as, is me Domnall, I am Donald; is fuar an oidċe i, it is a cold night. But ta has a twofold object, and shews the subject and predicate distinctly from each other; ta Domnall ag an doras, Donald is at the door; ta an oidċe fuar, the night is cold. (134.)

Hence also, the interrogative, of as, is an, used in enquiring after any inherent quality of the subject; as, an tu Domnall? are you Donald? is me,

I am.

But the interrogative, of bi, is bfuil, used in enquiring after any occasional quality, or circumstance; as, bfuil Domnall ag an doras? is Donald at the door? ata, he is.

4. When

4. When as, or is, ba, and bud, come in contact with vowels, they are contracted into s, b, or m;

as,

Mas (ma is) tu fear an
tige,

Bean darb (dar ba) ainm
Eblin,

Da maill (ma aill) leat
eisteaċt liom,
Bfearr (ba fearr) damsa
beit mo tost,

If you are the man of the
house.

A woman whose name
was Evelina.
If it were agreeable to
you to listen to me.
It were better for me to
be silent.

5. Ba, and bud, aspirate the following mutable consonants; as, bud mait liom, I would wish.

6. The auxiliary bi, with the preposition ann, is used to express existence; as, ta subailce ann, there is a virtue; bi duine ann, there was a man. (135.)

The construction of the auxiliary verbs promiscuously exemplified.

An tu Seamus? is me,
Bhfuil tu tinn? ataim,
Ta an oidċe dorċa,
Is dorca an oidċe i,
B fearr liom a beit marb,
Is girseac beag i,
Ta si na girsig big,
Ta eaċ mait ag ni atair,

An leatsa an peanna so?
is liomsa e.

Go de ta di ort?

Are you James? I am. Are you sick? I am. The night is dark. It is a dark night. I had rather be dead. She is a little wench. My father has a good horse. Is this pen yours? it is mine.

What is a wanting to you?

An è so do busga suaoi- Is this your snuff-box?

sin? is ead.

it is.

Nil amrus agam ann,

I have no doubt.

A ndearna