Beg continually in thy prayer, for pardon, and the remission of thy sins. Love thine honour. Take care not to suffer any one to dare utter words in thy presence that may excite to sin, nor say calumny of another, whether he be present or absent; nor anything disrespectful of God, his holy mother, or of the saints.

"Offer thanks frequently to God, for the prosperity and other good things He gives thee. Be upright, and do justice strictly to all, to the poor and to the rich. Be liberal and good to thy servants, but firm in thy orders, that they may fear and love thee as their master. If any controversy or dispute arise, inquire into it until thou comest to the truth, whether it be in thy favour or against thee. If thou possess anything that does not belong to thee, or that may have come to thee from thy predecessors, and thou be informed for a truth that it is not thine, cause it instantly to be restored to its proper owner. Be particularly attentive that thy subjects live in peace and security, as well in the towns as in the country. Maintain such liberties and franchises as thy ancestors have done, and preserve them inviolate; for by the riches and power of thy principal towns, thy enemies will be afraid of affronting, or attacking thee; more especially thy equals, thy barons, and such like.

It

"Love and honour all churchmen, and be careful not to deprive them of any gifts, revenues, or alms, which thy ancestors or predecessors may have granted to them.. is reported of my grandfather, Philip, that when one of his counsellors told him that the churchmen were making him lose his revenues, royalties, and even his rights of justice, and that he was surprised how he suffered it, the King replied that he believed it was so, but that God had shown him so much favour, and granted him such prosperity, that he had rather lose all he had, than have any

dispute or contention with the servants of His holy Church.

"Be to thy father and mother dutiful and respectful, and avoid angering them by thy disobedience to their just commands. Give such benefices as may become vacant to discreet persons, of a pure conversation, and give them with the advice of well-advised, prudent persons. Avoid going to war with any Christian power, without mature deliberation, and if it can in anywise be prevented. If thou goest to war, respect churchmen and all who have done thee no wrong. Should contentions arise between thy vassals, put an end to them as speedily as possible.

"Attend frequently to the conduct of thy bailiffs, provosts, and others thy officers: inquire into their behaviour, in order that if there be any amendment to be made in their manner of distributing justice, thou mayest make it. Should any disgraceful sin-such as blasphemy, or heresy be prevalent in thy kingdom, have it instantly destroyed and driven thence. Be careful that thou keep a liberal establishment, but with economy.

"I beseech thee, my child, that thou hold me and my poor soul in thy remembrance when I am no more, and that thou succour me by masses, prayers, intercessions, alms, and benefactions, throughout thy kingdom, and that thou allot for me a part of all the good acts thou shalt perform.

"I give thee every blessing that father ever bestowed on son, beseeching the Holy Trinity of Paradise, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, to preserve and guard thee from all evils, more particularly that thou die not under any deadly sin, and that we may, after this life, appear together before God, to render Him praise and thanksgiving, without ceasing, in His kingdom of Paradise. Amen."

Oct. 28th. Whilst walking through the Hara with Mr. Davis, we observed a poor Jewish boy most cruelly beaten by a young Moslem. The former had nearly his teeth knocked out. We at once took the part of the oppressed, and made both of them proceed to the Kaid of the district, in order that the young zealot be punished, and be an example to others. When the Jewish boy perceived that there were some who took his part, he took courage, and clasped the wrist of his oppressor in his grasp, and began to drag him before the judgment-seat. Numbers of Mohammedans immediately appeared to take the part of their juvenile-savage co-religionist- whilst the poor Jews were afraid to say a word even-and attempted to rescue the offender from the hold of the offended; but we interfered again, dispersed the mob, and brought both parties to the Machkemah, and there we left them. On our return homewards, we met the poor maltreated boy coming back; we asked him of the Judge's decision, he told us that the Kaid asked him to forgive his adversary, which he did. I was pleased with the non-vindictive spirit of the young Hebrew.

The above small extract from my already voluminous "Evening Notes," will furnish you, I trust, with a tolerably good idea of the present state, aspect, and prospect of Tunis. However, I contemplate sending you another long letter at the beginning of next month, which will treat on Tunis and Ahmed Bey, being a theme I proposed to myself to write upon. I would most respectfully desire to be remembered to the Bishop of Chester, a man whose praise is not unknown even here.

I am, my dear Sir,

Yours &c., &c.

LETTER XXIV.

TO THE RIGHT HON. VISCOUNT PALMERSTON, G.C.B.

My Lord,

Tunis, Nov. 1847.

Allow me to express my sense of gratitude to your Lordship for your kindly furnishing me with the letters of introduction for my present travels, for which the Earl of Clarendon kindly applied in my behalf. Owing to a mistake in the address, I did not receive them till the latter end of last week.

I purpose staying here for some time, as I am anxious to make myself thoroughly well acquainted with the present state of this wretched regency, as regards its civil, political, literary, and religious condition. I was very much pleased to find here an organized, though small, Protestant congregation, under the auspices of the Established Church of Scotland. The Rev. Nathan Davis, an ordained missionary of that Church, is the officiating minister. Divine service is at present performed in a room belonging to the mission; but I understand that the Assembly of the Church of Scotland are about to erect here an edifice to be set apart as a Christian place of worship; a step which will reflect a great degree of credit on the zeal of that Church. Though the Protestants are but few in number in this city -between forty and fifty-they still felt the great want of a Sunday service; and, up to the arrival of Mr. Davis, they were totally destitute of any Christian instruction, a circumstance which proved a triumphant taunt in the mouths of the French Roman Catholics against British

Protestants. It is gratifying, therefore, that the former can no longer reproach the latter with neglect of their religious duties.

The temporary chapel is well filled; all the Protestants, with the exception of the British Consul-General-who is at present residing in his country-house, twelve miles distant from the city-regularly attend the service.

The Scotch Church have here also two important schools for boys and girls, which are open to all contending parties, where the rising generation are taught to live harmoniously and peaceably with each other, and there is every reason for believing that the only way for raising Barbary from its barbarous condition, is to diffuse general knowledge amongst its inhabitants. Let native schoolmasters be trained, and the European philanthropist will have reason to anticipate a glorious regeneration of this long degraded region.*

I have obtained a good deal of information about the real state of the interior of Africa, and contemplate, ere long, to make a tour as far as Gereed. I purpose to communicate to your Lordship the information I may collect during that part of my pilgrimage.

I am, my Lord,

Yours &c., &c.

* From a subsequent letter it will appear that in consequence of unbecoming jealousy, and want of protection, on the part of the authorities, the mission, the chapel and the schools were abandoned, and the Protestants and Jews of Tunis are once more as destitute as ever of any religious instruction.