to carry their pikes on their right shoulders till the trumpet sounded; then to present them, and move slowly on: and that none should run when they pursued. On this the word was given, Jupiter the Preserver, and Hercules the Conductor!' The enemy, encouraged by the advantage of their post, stood their ground; and when our men drew near, the Greek targeteers shouted, and ran on before they were ordered. The enemy's horse, with the body of Bithynians, advanced against them, and both together put the targeteers to flight: but when the line of battle, consisting of the heavy-armed men, marched briskly up to meet them, and at the same time the trumpet sounded, and the men sung the pæan, then shouted and presented their pikes, they no longer stood their ground, but fled. Timasion pursued them with the horse; and his men being but few in number, killed as many of them as they could. The enemy's left wing, which was opposite to the Greek horse, was presently dispersed; but the right not being closely pursued, rallied on a hill. As soon as the Greeks saw them make a stand, they thought the easiest and safest thing they could do was to charge them immediately. Accordingly they sung the pæan, and advanced directly: but the enemy did not stand: the targeteers pursued them till their right wing was also dispersed. However, few of them were killed, for the enemy's horse being very numerous, kept the Greeks in awe. When our men saw the body of horse belonging to Pharnabazus still unbroken, and the Bithynian horse flocking to them, and observing from a bill what was doing, though they were spent with labor, yet they resolved to charge them also, as well as they could, that they might give them no time to recover their spirits and breath. So they formed them

selves, and marched against them. On this the enemy's horse fled down the hill with as much precipitation as if they had been pursued by horse: for there was a valley to receive them, which the Greeks knew nothing of, because, as it was late, they had given over the pursuit before they came to it. Then returning to the place where the first action happened, they erected a trophy, and came back to the sea about sunset; for they had near sixty stadia to their camp.

VI. After this the enemy employed themselves in their own concerns, removing their families and effects to the greatest distance they could. In the mean time the Greeks waited for the arrival of Cleander, with the galleys and transports; and going out every day with their sumpter horses and slaves, they furnished themselves in all security with wheat, barley, wine, legumens, panic, and figs; for the country produced every thing but oil. While the army lay in their camp to refresh themselves the men had liberty to go out for plunder; and on those occasions the booty was their own but when the whole army went out, if any one straggled from the rest and got any thing, they determined it should belong to the public. The camp now abounded in all things, for provisions came from every side out of the Greek cities; and people who sailed along the coast, being informed that a city was going to be built with a haven, willingly put in there: and those of the enemy who lived in the neighborhood sent to Xenophon, hearing he had the conduct of the intended settlement, to know what they should do to deserve his friendship; and he showed them to the soldiers. In the mean time Cleander arrived with two galleys, but no transports. It happened that when he came the army was gone out to get provisions, and a

party of stragglers, going up the mountain in search of plunder, took a great number of sheep; but being afraid they would be taken from them, they informed Dexippus of it, (the same who ran away with the fiftyoar galley from Trebisond,) and desired him to secure the sheep, agreeing that he should retain some of them for his pains, and restore the rest.

Immediately Dexippus drove away the soldiers who stood round them, and told them the sheep belonged to the public; then went to Cleander, and informed him that they endeavored to take them away by force. Cleander ordered him to bring the man who attempted it before him. On that Dexippus seized one of the men, and was carrying him away, when Agasias meeting him, rescued the man, for he belonged to his company; and the rest of the soldiers who were present threw stones at Dexippus, calling him traitor. This put not only him, but many of the men also, who belonged to the galleys, in fear, and made them fly to the sea; and Cleander himself was among those who fled. Hereon Xenophon and the rest of the generals endeavored to suppress the tumult, and told Cleander that there was no danger, and that all this was occasioned by the standing order of the army. But Cleander, being inflamed by Dexippus, and himself nettled for having discovered so much fear, said he would sail away, and cause them to be proclaimed enemies, and that as such, none of the Greek cities should receive them; for the Lacedæmonians were at that time the masters of all Greece.

The Greeks, looked on this as an affair of bad consequence, and begged of him not to do it; but he said it could not be otherwise, unless they delivered up the man who began throwing stones, together with the

person who rescued him. This was Agasias, the constant friend of Xenophon; for which reason Dexippus had accused him. In this perplexity the commanders called the army together, and some of them treated Cleander as a man of no importance; but Xenophon thought the affairs of no small consequence, and rising up said:

'Friends! I look on it as a matter of great moment, if Cleander goes away, as he threatens, in this disposition for we are now in the neighborhood of the Greek cities; and as the Lacedæmonians preside over Greece, every single Lacedæmonian can effect whatever he pleases in these cities. If therefore this man first shuts us out of Byzantium himself, then gives notice to the rest of the Lacedæmonian governors not to receive us into their cities, as men refusing obedience to the Lacedæmonians, and absolutely ungovernable; this character of us will at last reach the ears of Anaxibius, the admiral, and then it will be difficult for us either to stay where we are, or to sail away; for at this time the Lacedæmonians command both at sea and land. We ought not therefore, for the sake of one or two men, to exclude ourselves from Greece, but to obey them in every thing; for the cities to which we belong obey them. As to my own particular (for I hear Dexippus tells Cleander that Agasias had never done this if I had not given him orders), for my part, I say, I am ready to clear both you and Agasias of this accusation, if he will say that I was the author of any of these things, and to condemn myself, if I began throwing stones, or any other violence, to the last of punishments, and will submit to it. My advice also is, that if Cleander should accuse any other person, he ought to surrender himself to him to be tried:

by this means you will be free from censure. As things now stand, it will be hard, if we, who expect to meet with applause and honor in Greece, should, instead of that, not even be in the same condition with the rest of our countrymen, but be excluded from the Greek cities.'

After this Agasias rose up, and said: 'Friends! I call the gods and goddesses to witness, that neither Xenophon, nor any other person among you, ordered me to rescue the man; but seeing Dexippus, who you know has betrayed you, carrying away a brave man belonging to my company, I thought it was not to be borne, and own I rescued him. Think not of delivering me up, for I will surrender myself to Cleander, as Xenophon advises, to be tried by him, and used as he thinks fit. Let this be no cause of war between you and the Lacedæmonians; but let every man return with safety to whatever part of Greece he pleases. I only desire you will choose some of your own number, and send them with me to Cleander, that if I omit any thing, they may. both speak and act in my behalf.' On this the army gave him leave to choose such persons as he thought proper to accompany him: and he chose the generals. Agasias and the generals accordingly went to Cleander, together with the man who had been rescued by Agasias; and the generals spoke to Cleander in the following manner:

The army has sent us to you, O Cleander! and desires, if you accuse them all, that you will yourself pass sentence on them all, and treat them as you think fit: if one, or two, or more of them, they have thought proper they should surrender themselves to you, and submit to your judgment. If therefore you accuse any of us, here we are before you: if any other, let us know it; for no man shall refuse to submit to your