Q. 31. With whom was the covenant of grace made?

A. The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam, and in him with all the elect as his seed. (1)

Q. 32. How is the grace of God manifested in the second covenant?

A. The grace of God is manifested in the second covenant, in that he freely provideth and offereth to sinners a mediator, (2) and life.

and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; which he shed on us abundantly, through Jesus Christ our Saviour: that being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life. Tit. i. 2. In hope of eternal life, which God, that cannot lie, promised before the world began. Gal. iii. 21. Rom. iii. 20, 21, 22.

(1) Gal. iii. 16. Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. Isa. lix. 21. As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord; my Spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the Lord, from henceforth and for ever. Zech. vi. 13. Luke xxii. 29. 2 Sam. xxiii. 5. Rom. v. 15, to the end.

(2) Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Isa. xlii. 6. I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. John vi. 27. Labour not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto ever

and salvation by him; (1) and requiring faith as the condition to interest them in him, (2) promiseth and giveth his Holy Spirit to all his elect, (3) to work in them that faith, (4) with all other saving graces; (5) and to enable them unto all holy obedience, (6) as the evidence of the truth of their faith,(7) and thankfulness to God (8)

lasting life, which the Son of man shall give unto you: for him hath God the Father sealed. 1 Tim. ii. 5.

(1) 1 John v. 11, 12. And this is the record, That God hath given to us eternal life; and this life is in his Son. He that hath the Son, hath life.

(2) John iii. 16. For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have everlasting life. John i. 12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. Chap. iii. 36.

(3) Prov. i. 23. Behold, I will pour out my Spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you. Isa. lix. 21. Zech. xii. 10.

(4) 2 Cor. iv. 13. We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken; we also believe, and therefore speak.

(5) Gal. v. 22, 23. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, .neekness, temperance: against such there is no law.

(6) Ezek. xxxvi. 27. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them.

(7) James ii. 18, 22. Yea, a man may say, Thou hast faith, and I have works: show me thy faith without thy works, and I will show thee my faith by my works. -Seest thou how faith wrought with his works, and by works was faith made perfect?

(8) 2 Cor. v. 14, 15. For the love of Christ constraineth us, &c.

and as the way which he hath appointed them to salvation. (1)

Q. 33. Was the covenant of grace always administered after one and the same man

ner?

A. The covenant of grace was not always administered after the same manner, but the administrations of it under the Old Testament were different from those under the New. (2) Q. 34. How was the covenant of grace ad ministered under the Old Testament?

A. The covenant of grace was administered under the Old Testament, by promises, (3) prophecies, (4) sacrifices, (5) circumcision, (6) the passover, (7) and other types and ordinances; which did all fore-signify Christ then to come, and were for that time sufficient to build up the elect in faith in the promised Messiah, (8)

(1) Eph. ii. 10. For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them. Tit. ii. 14, and iii. 8.

(2) 2 Cor. iii. 6. Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament: not of the letter, but of the spirit. Heb. i. 1, 2, chap. viii. 7, 8, &c.

(3) Rom. xv. 8. Now I say, that Jesus Christ was a minister of the circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the promises made unto the fathers. Acts iii. 20. (4) Acts iii. 20, 24.

(5) Heb. x. 1.

Ex. xii. 14, 17, 24.

(6) Rom. iv. 11. (7) 1 Cor. v. 7. (8) Heb. xi. 13. These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and con fessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. Heb. viii. ix. and x. chapters

by whom they then had full remission of sin and eternal salvation. (1)

Q. 35. How is the covenant of grace administered under the New Testament?

A. Under the New Testament, when Christ the substance was exhibited, the same covenant of grace was, and still is to be, administered in the preaching of the word, (2) and the administration of the sacraments of baptism,(3) and the Lord's supper; (4) in which grace and salvation are held forth in more fulness, evidence and efficacy to all nations. (5)

Q. 36. Who is the Mediator of the covenant of grace?

A. The only Mediator of the covenant of grace is the Lord Jesus Christ, (6) who being the eternal Son of God, of one substance and equal with the Father, (7) in the fulness of

(1) Gal. iii. 7, 8, 9, 14. (2) Mark xvi. 15. And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every

creature.

(3) Matt. xxviii. 19, 20. Go ye, therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.

(4) 1 Cor. xi. 23, 24, 25, 26. For I have received of the Lord, that which also I delivered unto you, &c. This do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord's death till he come. [Till he come to judgment: for he had come in the Spirit long before this time.] See also the gospels.

(5) 2 Cor. iii. 6.

(6) 1 Tim. ii. 5. For there is one God, and one Mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

(7) John i. 1. In the beginning was the Word, and

time became man, (1) and so was, and continues to be, God and man, in two entire distinct natures, and one person for ever. (2)

Q. 37. How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?

A. Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, (3) being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, of her substance, and born of her, (4) yet without sin. (5)

the Word was with God, and the Word was God. John x. 30. I and my Father are one. Phil. ii. 6. Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God.

(1) Gal. iv. 4. But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman.

(2) Luke i. 35. That holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God. Rom. ix. 5. Whose are the fathers, and of whom, as concerning the flesh, Christ came; who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. Col. ii. 9. For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily.

(3) John i. 14. And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us. Matt. xxvi. 38. My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death.

(4) Luke i. 31, 35, 42. And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.-The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee; therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God.-Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. Gal. iv. 4. God sent forth his Son, made of a

woman.

(5) Heb. iv. 15. For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.