At Norton, full of years, Mr. T. Slade, a very refpe&table farmer.

At Thornford, Mifs M. Sampfon, daughter of the late Rev. Robt. Sampfon.

SOMERSETSHIRE.

The form of thunder, lightning, hail, and rain, on the 4th of May, was feverely felt at Taunton; it lafted two hours, and entirely inundated the town. The prodigious hail-ftones, fome of which measured five inches, stripped the leaves from almost every

tree.

To prevent the many frauds and impofitions that have lately been practifed by farmers and others in the fale of falt butter, the principal factors and dealers in Bristol have met, and refolved not to buy or fell any cafk, containing butter, that is not marked according to law; and they have established a fund for the fupport of infpectors in that and other ports, who are to profecute offenders for the penalties impofed by the law.

The corporation of Bristol have refolved to give bounties on all marketable fish carried thither for fale, and have appointed a fworn broker for the fale thereof, whom they have authorized to pay in advance, a certain portion of the value of every cargo of fish brought in, as a means of encouraging the fishermen to proceed again to fra immediately.-Fine mackarel has lately been fold there at 2d. each.

Married.] At Bath, the Rev. T. Rivett, of Belvidere, to Mifs Ann Eyre, daughter of the late J. Eyre, efq. of Landford, Wilts. Mr. W. Collins, Bath and Briftol carrier, to Mifs Martha Hancock. T. Althorp, efq. to Mifs Lowther, of St James's-fquare; and at the fame time, Geo, Alcock, efq. of Dublin, to Mfs Sophia Lowther, her fifter. John Wenham Lewis, eiq. of Wefterham Lodge, Kent, to Mifs D. S. Knipe, of New Lodge, Hants. J. Beck, efq. late of the Royal Greys, to Mifs Adams, only daughter of Simon Adanis, efq. of Anfty Hall, Warwickshire. The Rev. T. Wright Goddard, to Mifs Mary Lucas, daughter of the Rev. W. L. of Llongattock, Monmouthshire. R. Pettiward, efq. of Finborough Hall, Suffolk, to Mifs J. S. Coleman, daughter of F. Coleman, efq. of Hilleridone, Devon, and niece of Lady Harwood. Mr. T. Willis, carpenter, to Mifs Viner, both of this city.

At Ilminster, aged 86, Mrs. Bush, mother of Mr. Bush, linen-draper.

At Marshfield, Mrs. Cox, mother of Mr. Cox, woo'ler-draper, Bristol.

At Dawlish, aged 23, Richard Barwell, efq. fon of R. Barwell, efq. of Stanstead Park, Effex.

At Tittinhull, aged 65, Mrs. Napier, widow of the late A. Napier, efq. of that place.

At Bristol, Mr. John Beady, clothier, of Wootton-under-edge, to Mifs S. Page, of Stephen-ftreet. Mr. Samuel Simmonds, to Mifs Llewellyn, daughter of Mr. Llewellyn, woollen-draper.

At Frome, Lieu. Haffal, of the 19th Lt. Dragoons, to Mifs Lacy.

At Freshford, Mr. Daniel Ferris, to Mifs Mary Perkins, eldest daughter of Mr. Perkins, of Freshford Mill.

At Bridgewater, J. A. Wickham, efq. of Frome, to Mifs Daw, only daughter of Hill Daw, efq. of Bridgewater.

Died.] At Bristol, Lieut. Worth, in the imprefs fervice of that port; a man univerfally efteemed. Mrs. Williams, a maiden lady, who has bequeathed an handfome legacy to the Bristol Infirmary. Mrs. Knight, mother of Mits Knight, at the boarding school on St. Michael's Hill. Mrs. Jones, fruiterer. Aged 16, Mits Mary Cottle. Mifs Mary Brewer, daughter of Mr. Brewer, tea-dealer. S. Martin, grocer. Mrs. Hay, widow. Taylor, proprietor of the brick yard, Bed

minster.

DEVONSHIRE.

Mr.

Mr.

On Wednesday the 7th of May, about noon, a piece of Manchester goods, lying in a fhop window at Barnstaple, was fet on fire,, hy refraction of the Sun's rays through the glafs; the feveral folds were burnt in holes large enough to admit of a man's arm.

At a fpecial meeting of the Exeter Humane Society lately held, rewards were distri buted to feveral perfons for having refcued nine perfons from being drowned.

Married.] At Uffculm, Mr. T. Hillings, attorney at law, of Tiverton, to Mifs Leigh, of Craddock.

Capt. J. Raynor, of the royal navy, to Mifs E. Arthur, fecond daughter of the late J. Arthur Efq. of Plymouth.

At Ottery, Mr. Robert Hawke, of the King's-arms Inn.

Died.] At Exeter, Mr. King, hair-dreffer. Mrs. Edwards, wife of Mr. Edwards. Mrs. Shiles, wife of Mr. Shiles, haberdasher.

At Honiton, aged 74, John Guard Efq.

At Plymouth, aged 36, Mr. W. Forord, an eminent mercer and draper. Tubal Lewis, Etq. a very eminent and refpectable attorney.

At Old tone, near Dartmouth, aged 78, William Cholwich, Efq.

MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT.

AS confiderable apprehenfions are entertained that a fhare of the Woollen-manufactory, which has long been confidered of fo much importance to this country, may be transferred to ireland, it may be proper to obferve that its prefent ftate is by no means fuch as to admit of this lofs without the effects thereof being feverely felt here. The profperity which Exeter and other places in the west have heretofore derived from this manufacture is fo far from being reitored, that it is thought by many it will never regain its former extent: it is truly melancholy to witnefs the complaints and diftreffes of hundreds in Exeter, who are out of employ, in confequence of the impoverished state of trade, and the ferge-makers in its vicinity are themselves equally full of complaints with their labourers, to whom they can but occafionally give employment. The chief articles which have afforded work thefe three or four years paft, are the exportation goods for the East India Company, which however is confined to only one branch of the trade, though it has certainly become an extenfive one, as their demand from these parts last year was between 2 and 200,000 pieces; but as their goods undergo only a trifling process after they come from the loom, but few hands are required to fend them off in a marketable state, in compariton with the other principal branches of the trade, where the pieces pafs the various procelles of dying, preffing, poting, &c. which of courfe gives employ to a number of persons who are not benefited in the leaft by the demands of the company, though the numbers who now depend almost wholly thereon for employ, is certainly very confiderable. It is well known that the woolen goods exported by. the company are by no means a profitable article to them, though it must be acknowledged they have not been wanting in their endeavours to facilitate and extend the lale thereof in India; it is however to be hoped that the company will think it prudent and commendable to continue this trade, although attended with fome lofs to them, as if 13 certain that by fo doing they give fupport to a numerous clafs of the poor.

Since the year 1796, when Spain no longer remained in amity with this country, the exports from EXETER have been fo very much reduced, that many of the merchants have not for months together had employment for a fourth part of their labourers, and thofe who have hired them have been actuated more by motives of charity, than by that of pecuniary benelit, as the woollen goods which were made for the Spanish markets are of fuch a peculiar fabric that no other country orders them; the ftagnation which was the confequence of this branch of the trade being fufperded, caufed the warehoufes of the merchants to remain filled with a dead stock, and the Italian ports having been fo long thut up has occafioned a fimilar lofs; but the latter market is now reviving, though it is at prefent very circumfcribed, as the various revolutions in the commercial connections in that country render it ftill rather unfare for the merchants to avail themfelves of the late changes which promile a re-establishment of that trade. Litbon and Oporto, with Germany, by way of Hamburgh, are the only places that have affifted the manufacturers by taking off a part of their old fabrics, but thefe parts require but a very inconfiderable quantity of fuch goods, in comparison with the Spanish and Mediterranean trade, and the little that is done with them fcarcely deferves the name of trading, fince a fingle fhip has not been properly freighted out from Exeter thefe three years, and the goods exported are obliged to be fent to London or Falmouth, at a great expence of land carriage, in order to be shipped there, which tends to diminifh the orders from abroad, as the charges thus incurred are fo great as nearly to abforb the ufual profits.

Very few places in the kingdom have had fo rapid an increase of trade as the town of SwANSEA, for, from the Custom-houfe books, it appears that the number of veffels which entered there in 1768, was 694, making 30,631 register tons, whereas in the last year, 1799, they were 2351, making 134,876 register tons. Indeed, throughout Glamorganshire, trade has been, and is rapidly increafing; in confequence of which the iron works at Merthyn and Neath, the collieries, &c. on the Cardiff canal, the coal and tin trade on the Neath cani, are all going on with fpirit. In a line of country of lefs than four miles in the neighbourhood of Swanfea, there are two navigable rivers, and four canals, all communicating with the fea; and there are upwards of fifteen collieries, which raife about 2000 ton of coal, itone-coal, and culm, per diem, for which there is a regular fale. From the immenfe mines of coal, lime, iron, rotten-ftone, flags, and clay, the following very extenfive manufactories have been erected within two miles of the town, viz. feven copper works, in which 500 men are constantly employed, 400 tons of coal daily confumed, and 220 tons of copper are daily melted; one large iron foundry, one brafs house, one fpelter manufactory, one large pottery, in which upwards of eighty perfons are daily employed; 'there are likewife two large breweries, and a wet and dry dock. A plan for forming an outward harbour, and deepening the river, by erecting a pier of 228 yards long, with another oppofite, fo as to leave only feventy yares opening, which would form an harbour capable of containing many hundred veffels, is carrying on, and two feet of water have been already gained.

The ports into which wheat and rice are to be imported under the act for granting bounties, thereon until the 1st of October next, are the following; Aberystwyth, Barnstaple, Reaumaris, Berwick, Biddeford, Bolton, Bridgewater, Bridport, Bristol, Cardiff, Cardigan, Carlisle, Carnarvon, Chester, Chicheiter, Colcheiter, Cowes, Dartmouth, Dover, Exeter, Falmouth, Fowey, Harwich, Hull, Ipfwich, Lancaster, Liverpool, London, Lyme, Lynn, Malden, Milford, Newcastle, Newhaven, l'enzance, Plymouth, Poole, Portsmouth, Prefton, Rochester, Sandwich, Scarborough, Shoreham, Southampton, Stockton, Sunderland, Swanfea, Wells, Weymouth, Whitehaven, Whitby, Wifbeach, Yarmouth, Aberdeen, Ayr, Alloa, Borrowfton. nefs, Campbeltown, Dumfries, Dunbar, Port Dundas, Dundie, Grangemouth, Giafgow, Greenock, Kircudbright, Leith, Lerwick, Montrofe, Perth, and Wigton. The bounties are, on wheat from any part of Europe, fouth of Cape Finisterre, the Mediterranean, Africa, the British

British colonies in America, the United States of America, or from Archangel; whenever the general average price of British wheat, published weekly in the London Gazette, is less than gos. per quarter, a bounty equal to the difference of fuch average price, and fuch rate of gos. per quarter: on wheat from any of the ports of the Baltic, Germany, or north of the Texel, whenever the average price is lefs than 85s. per quarter, a bounty equal to the difference between such average price and 85s. per quarter: on fine rubeaten flour, from the British colonies in, or the United States of America, whenever. the average price of British wheat is lefs than 100s. per quarter, a bounty per fack of So los. weight, equal to the difference between fuch average price and 100s. per quarter; and from any other country a bounty equal to four fifths of the bounży payable on a quarter of wheat: on rice, whenever the current price thereof is lefs than 35s. per Cwt. a bounty equal to the difference between the current price and 35s. per Cwt. An act has also been paffed granting a bounty on foreign oats, if the average price is under 40s. per quarter. In confequence of thefe encouragements, and the ftill advancing prices of grain, there has al ready been a great importation, and much more is expected; the rice that has arrived has low. ered the price of that useful article confiderably, Carolina rice is at prefent from 34s. to 36s.

Raw fugars, which had fallen five or fix fhillings per Cwt. have lately advanced again a little; they are however in general lower than they were two or three months fince. St. Kitts are from 58s. to 78s. Montferrat, St. Vincent's and Nevis, 57s. to 76s. Jamaica, 54s. to 75s. Grenada, Muscovade, 558. to 745. ditto clay'd, 60s. to 101s. Barbadoes, 55s. to 74s. ditto clay'd, 64s. to 1025. Martinico, 55s. to 735. ditto clay'd, 61s, to 1015. St. Domingo, 54s. to 73s, ditto clay'd 615. to 98s. refined fugars are likewife lower, Lumps are from 90s. to 106s. fingle loaves, 100s. to 114s. and powder loaves, 1073. to 1235.

Cotton-wool has experienced a little advance in price, notwithstanding the importation thereof has been confiderable.

Raw and thrown filks are at very advanced prices, particularly the latter, which has not been much affected by the quantity that has lately arrived, but as more is fhortly expected, it is probable that fuch of the merchants as are not interested in fupporting a fpeculation will foon think it prudent to be a little more moderate in their demands. There is at prefent more employment for the filk throwfters than they can undertake, which fome of them take advantage of, in making fuch terms with their employers as at another time they would not dare to propofe.

The Tea fale of the East India Company, which commences the 5th of June, confifts of 600,000 lbs of Bohea, 3,650,000 lbs. of Congou and Campoi, 650.000 lbs. of Souchong and Pe koe, 650,000 lbs. of Singlo and Twankay, 100,000 lbs. of Hyfon fkin, and 550,000 ditto of fuper fine Hylon. Total 6,200,000 lbs.

MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT.'

ALTHOUGH in fome districts the wheat crops appear to be rather thin, patchy, and not of the moit healthy colour, there cannot be any doubt but that in most of thofe countries where they were put into the ground at a proper period, and where good feed was fown, there will be a good produce, as under tuch circumstances they have generally a highly promifing afpect at proient. The barley and oat crops are in fuch ítates of vigorous growth, in almost every part of the ifland, especially where fown early, that they afford the pleating profpect of being generally productive. In fome parts of Wales and the northern counties of England, thele crops have however been tedious and expenfive in putting into the ground, from the wetnefs of the feafon and the reduced state of the teams of the farmers from the dearnefs and fcarcity of fodder of dif ferent kinds. The fowing of barley in fome of thefe diftricts is only jutt finifhed. Wheat averages throughout Fngland and Wales, 121s. Id. (and in Mark-lane, 1155. 104. Rye, gos 3d. Barley, 64s. 8d. Oats, 45s. 11d. Beahs, 76s. 11d. and Peas, 76s. 8d.

The plantation of potatoos has likewife been retarded in fome fituations from fimilar caufes; but on the whole a very large crop of this valuable root has every where been put into the ground, and the plots that were early fet have generally very good appearances of productiveness as well as of being ready early.

Hops in the principal districts where they are cultivated at prefent look well, and are free from difeafe, but this is a crop that depends greatly on the ftate of the weather about the picking feafon. Kentish bags fetch from 9 to 11 guineas, and pockets from 10 to 13 guineas.

Neither the plentifulness of the paftures nor the earlinefs of the fpring, have yet had much effect in lowering the price of fat ftock. Beef fells in Smithfield market, from 4s. 8d. to 6s. 8d. Mutton, from 5s. 8d. to 6s. 8d. and Veal from 4s. to 6s. 6d. per ftone of 8 lb. finking the offal. In Newgate-market, beef fells from 9d. to 12d. mutton from 8d. to gd. lamb rod. and veal from 9d. to 10d. Fresh butter from 158. to 18d. falt butter from 1od. to 15d. Gloucefter cheese 8d. Chefhire cheese gd. Old potatoes 2d. The quartern loaf has varied between 1648. and 171d.

Lean ftack of every defcription is now on the life, probably in confequence of the increased demand for them, from the abundance of grafs in the paftures. Milch Cows are very scarce and dear. Good Horfes alfo fell well, whether for the faddle or farming purposes.

Mowing grafies, though in common full, are not fo forward as we had reafon to fuppofe they would have been in our last. It is but in very few inftances that grafs has yet been cut. Hay in St. James's market averages 51. 10s.

Shaw in St. James's market averages 21. 9s.

The late high winds have in many places done considerable injury to various orchard fruits,

THIE

MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

No. 60.

JULY 1, 1800.

ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS.

To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.

SIR,

[No. 6. of Vol. 9.

fponfibility with regard to the calamities of war, on the plea, that war is a thing no where exprefly forbidden, and, being naR. Pye's laft Birth-day Ode has inMR tural to man, all its rights must be in pofduced me to make fome reflections, feffion of those who have in their hands all not on the poetry (for who would criticife other human rights. This appears to me the ftrains of a Birth day Ode?), but upon admirable reafoning, and reminds me of the prevailing fentiment. It is an exul the argumentation made use of to reconcile tation over the fate of "bleeding Europe,' the mind of Alexander to itfelf, after the ravaged by all the horrors of war, comexercise of his royal pleasure in running pared to the peace and fecurity which are his old friend, and faithful officer, Clitus enjoyed by happy Albion. Amoft awful fubject, if rightly confidered! Where is through the body. Alexander was weak the man of candour and feeling, who will enough to feel great remorie for this action, and there appeared fome danger that not fhudder, when he reflects on the pof his facred health would fuffer from its bility, that to the rulers of this country confequences. They fent in, therefore, to may be owing the continuance of thele him (Arrian tells the ftory) not his chapfcenes of blood and defolation, which are lain, but his philofopher or fophift, Anaxfurely rather matter for deep forrow and archus. This able man, approaching the humiliation to the philanthropist, than for king with a fmiling countenance, told triumph? What a dreadful refponfibility him that he was probably ignorant why is fomewhere incurred by eight years' unthe "wisdom of ages" had always feated remitting warfare; and how clear, how decifive, how important ought to be the Justice by the fide of Jove. It was, because whatever Jove decreed was on that account motives which have influenced the rejecto be esteemed as juft. The fame allution of any reasonable propofitions for fion would apply to the actions of a great peace! I do not mean, Sir, to weary king, and ought to fatisfy, firft the king your readers with a repetition of argu-himilf, and then his fubjects. Alexander, ments refpecting the war, detailed in par- it is faid, "with majetty approved his liamentary-fpeeches, and newspaper-efpleaded reafo and was confoled. fays; but I wish it were in my power to urge as ftrongly on the minds of others, fupple the Frederics and Catharines, and as it has impreffed my own, the fearful perhaps the Pauls, &c. of later days, emotion naturally arifing from the ideas would equally admit the validity of the which the Laureat has chofen to dwell conclufion. But, alas! Mr. Editor, we are fubjects, and have nothing to do with upon. I am ignorant of the methods this royal logic. Your's, &c. which our divines have taken to conciliate ERASMUS. every measure for extending and perpetu ating hoftilities, taken by regular govern

SIR,

HE

ments, with the precepts of a religion To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. that breathes nothing but beneficence; but I confefs myself fomewhat uneafy under the burthen of my fhare, little as it may be, of a national triumph and immunity, purchased at fuch a coit to other people. Sins of government," we have been ingenioufly told, are " fins of the nation." I hope, however, that they are not imputable to all individuals; for how can powerlefs infulated beings like myself prevent the acts of irresistible authority, fupported by decided majorities? I have been told of a late univerfity fermon which completely exonerates fovereigns from all reMONTHLY MAG. No. 60.

I

has given rife to many ferions difhas multiplication of penal ftatutes quifitions on the wisdom of laws, their failure, and the difficulty of carrying them into execution; and fome gentlemen of pro found habits of thinking have funk fo deep in this fubje&t, as to affert, almost in plain terms, that penal laws are good for nothing, becaufe crimes are as frequent after they have been enacted as before. Others have inquired, and I confefs with fome propriety, into the right of any com3 X

munity